linux开发环境搭建(一)--linux下yum安装及配置

桃扇骨 2022-06-01 07:43 253阅读 0赞

## 简介 ##

[yum命令][yum]是在Fedora和RedHat以及SUSE中基于[rpm][]的软件包管理器，它可以使系统管理人员交互和自动化地更细与管理RPM软件包，能够从指定的服务器自动下载RPM包并且安装，可以自动处理依赖性关系，并且一次安装所有依赖的软体包，无须繁琐地一次次下载、安装。

## 工具/原料 ##

*  电脑
 *  linux基础操作知识

## 方法/步骤 ##

查看、卸载已安装的yum包

查看已安装的yum包

\#rpm –qa|grep yum

卸载软件包

\#rpm –e –nodeps yum

![linux下yum安装及配置][linux_yum]

2.下载安装依赖包python python-iniparse

2.1 命令下载:  
wget http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/7/os/x86\_64/Packages/python-2.7.5-58.el7.x86\_64.rpm  
wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86\_64/Packages/python-iniparse-0.4-9.el7.noarch.rpm

2.2 手动下载  
       访问[http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/7/os/x86\_64/Packages/python-2.7.5-58.el7.x86\_64.rpm ][http_centos.ustc.edu.cn_centos_7_os_x86_64_Packages_python-2.7.5-58.el7.x86_64.rpm]下载python依赖

访问[http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86\_64/Packages/python-iniparse-0.4-9.el7.noarch.rpm][http_mirrors.163.com_centos_7_os_x86_64_Packages_python-iniparse-0.4-9.el7.noarch.rpm]下载python-iniparse依赖

3.安装

\#rpm –ivh python-2.7.5-58.el7.x86\_64.rpm python-iniparse-0.4-9.el7.noarch.rpm

下载安装yum包

\#wget [http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/7/os/x86\_64/Packages/yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-42.el7.noarch.rpm][http_centos.ustc.edu.cn_centos_7_os_x86_64_Packages_yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-42.el7.noarch.rpm]

\#wget [http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86\_64/Packages/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86\_64.rpm][http_mirrors.163.com_centos_7_os_x86_64_Packages_yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64.rpm]

\#wget[ http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86\_64/Packages/yum-3.4.3-154.el7.centos.noarch.rpm][http_mirrors.163.com_centos_7_os_x86_64_Packages_yum-3.4.3-154.el7.centos.noarch.rpm]

\#rpm-ivh yum-\*

若安装失败可重新输入此命令并加参数--nodeps –force

查找包的方法与步骤二相同，在此不做赘述。

4.更改yum源

4.1 下载配置文件

\#wget [http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS6-Base-163.repo][http_mirrors.163.com_.help_CentOS6-Base-163.repo]

将此配置文件替换/etc/yum.repos.d同名文件

4.2编辑配置文件

\#cd /etc/yum.repos.d

\#vi CentOS-Base.repo

![linux下yum安装及配置][linux_yum 1]

4.3 更改yum源

将文件中$releasever改成对应版本（7）

将源mirrorlist.centos.org改为使用的yum源

centos.ustc.edu.cn

mirrors.163.com

保存配置文件即可

![linux下yum安装及配置][linux_yum 2]

5.清理yum缓存

\#yum clean all

将服务器软件包信息缓存至本地，提高搜索安装效率

\#yum makecache

若上面两条命令有报错，一般为配置文件更改不完全，可根据错误信息查找配置文件中更改错误

测试

\#yum install vim

完成

[yum]: http://man.linuxde.net/yum
[rpm]: http://man.linuxde.net/rpm
[linux_yum]: https://static.oschina.net/uploads/img/201801/10125441_dL93.jpg
[http_centos.ustc.edu.cn_centos_7_os_x86_64_Packages_python-2.7.5-58.el7.x86_64.rpm]: http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/python-2.7.5-58.el7.x86_64.rpm
[http_mirrors.163.com_centos_7_os_x86_64_Packages_python-iniparse-0.4-9.el7.noarch.rpm]: http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/python-iniparse-0.4-9.el7.noarch.rpm
[http_centos.ustc.edu.cn_centos_7_os_x86_64_Packages_yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-42.el7.noarch.rpm]: http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-42.el7.noarch.rpm
[http_mirrors.163.com_centos_7_os_x86_64_Packages_yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64.rpm]: http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64.rpm
[http_mirrors.163.com_centos_7_os_x86_64_Packages_yum-3.4.3-154.el7.centos.noarch.rpm]: http://%20http//mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-3.4.3-154.el7.centos.noarch.rpm
[http_mirrors.163.com_.help_CentOS6-Base-163.repo]: http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS6-Base-163.repo
[linux_yum 1]: https://static.oschina.net/uploads/img/201801/10125441_g5Km.jpg
[linux_yum 2]: https://static.oschina.net/uploads/img/201801/10125441_SxnL.jpg