jenkins2.0+pipeline体验笔记

川长思鸟来 2022-06-03 08:49 148阅读 0赞

早在两年前，记录过一篇hudson的部署项目的笔记。

[采用hudson部署javaWeb项目][hudson_javaWeb]

在实际的应用中，随着项目的增加才逐渐感觉到通过之前的界面方式，通过一步步的配置去完成项目的自动部署是多么麻烦的事情。

特别是对于采用maven的聚合工程来管理的项目，在配置时就显得更为复杂繁琐了。当修改某一配置变化时，（如所需要部署的服务器IP变化）需要配过配置一个一个的进行配置，繁琐这点显得尤为突出。

我想hudson(jenkins)的作者应该也想到了这一点，为了解决这一问题，在jenkins2.0中，他们就推出了pipeline的功能，可以让开发者通过groovy部署脚本来完成项目的整个部署。在使用了几次后，感觉确实挺方便的。

## 环境: ##

## linux ubuntu ##

以下是我的体验时的主要步聚：

## 安装jenkins ##

### **设置国内阿里云源地址** ###

vim /etc/apt/sources.list

#deb包
    deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse  
    deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse  
    deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse  
    deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse  
    ##测试版源  
    deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse  
    # 源码  
    deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse  
    deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse  
    deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse  
    deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse  
    ##测试版源  
    deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse  
    # Canonical 合作伙伴和附加  
    deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu/ xenial partner  
    deb http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial main

再：sudo apt-get update

安装jenkins

wget -q -O - https://pkg.jenkins.io/debian/jenkins-ci.org.key | sudo apt-key add -
    sudo sh -c 'echo deb http://pkg.jenkins.io/debian-stable binary/ > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/jenkins.list'
    sudo apt-get update
    sudo apt-get install jenkins

此操作会在系统上创建一个名为jenkins的用户

执行完成后，netstat -antp一下，看是否jenkins的默认8080端口是否启动起来了

![Image 1][]

## **简单配置** ##

输入管理员密码：

![Image 1][]

root@ubuntu:~# cat /var/lib/jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword
    7a5d5156d27c430985a55f6a71e47de7
    root@ubuntu:~#

配好后，出现了如下问题：

![Image 1][]

提示：This Jenkins instance appears to be offline.

root@ubuntu:~#  find / -name "hudson.model.UpdateCenter.xml"
    
    find: 鈥run/user/1000/gvfs鈥 Permission denied
    
    /var/lib/jenkins/hudson.model.UpdateCenter.xml
    
    root@ubuntu:~# vim /var/lib/jenkins/hudson.model.UpdateCenter.xml
    
    <?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
    
    <sites>
    
      <site>
    
        <id>default</id>
    
        <url>http://updates.jenkins.io/update-center.json</url>
    
      </site>
    
    </sites>

先找到配置，再将https的修改为http

再重启：

service jenkins restart

让输入密码，但我还没有设置密码

于是只能找重置的办法了

### admin密码重置 ###

先找到jenkins的配置文件

仍然是find一把

root@ubuntu:/# find / -name "jenkins"
    /run/jenkins
    find: ‘/run/user/1000/gvfs’: Permission denied
    /etc/logrotate.d/jenkins
    /etc/default/jenkins
    /etc/init.d/jenkins
    /var/lib/jenkins
    /var/cache/jenkins
    /var/log/jenkins
    /usr/share/jenkins

从结果中，看到了/etc/default/jenkins

这个文件为jenkins的默认配置文件，于是打开看一下吧

# defaults for Jenkins automation server
    
    # pulled in from the init script; makes things easier.
    NAME=jenkins
    
    # location of java
    JAVA=/usr/bin/java
    
    # arguments to pass to java
    
    # Allow graphs etc. to work even when an X server is present
    JAVA_ARGS="-Djava.awt.headless=true"
    
    #JAVA_ARGS="-Xmx256m"
    
    # make jenkins listen on IPv4 address
    #JAVA_ARGS="-Djava.net.preferIPv4Stack=true"
    
    PIDFILE=/var/run/$NAME/$NAME.pid
    
    # user and group to be invoked as (default to jenkins)
    JENKINS_USER=$NAME
    JENKINS_GROUP=$NAME
    
    # location of the jenkins war file
    JENKINS_WAR=/usr/share/$NAME/$NAME.war
    
    # jenkins home location
    JENKINS_HOME=/var/lib/$NAME
    
    # set this to false if you don't want Jenkins to run by itself
    # in this set up, you are expected to provide a servlet container
    # to host jenkins.
    RUN_STANDALONE=true
    
    # log location.  this may be a syslog facility.priority
    JENKINS_LOG=/var/log/$NAME/$NAME.log
    #JENKINS_LOG=daemon.info
    
    # OS LIMITS SETUP
    #   comment this out to observe /etc/security/limits.conf
    #   this is on by default because http://github.com/jenkinsci/jenkins/commit/2fb288474e980d0e7ff9c4a3b768874835a3e92e
    #   reported that Ubuntu's PAM configuration doesn't include pam_limits.so, and as a result the # of file
    #   descriptors are forced to 1024 regardless of /etc/security/limits.conf
    MAXOPENFILES=8192
    
    # set the umask to control permission bits of files that Jenkins creates.
    #   027 makes files read-only for group and inaccessible for others, which some security sensitive users
    #   might consider benefitial, especially if Jenkins runs in a box that's used for multiple purposes.
    #   Beware that 027 permission would interfere with sudo scripts that run on the master (JENKINS-25065.)
    #
    #   Note also that the particularly sensitive part of $JENKINS_HOME (such as credentials) are always
    #   written without 'others' access. So the umask values only affect job configuration, build records,
    #   that sort of things.
    #
    #   If commented out, the value from the OS is inherited,  which is normally 022 (as of Ubuntu 12.04,
    #   by default umask comes from pam_umask(8) and /etc/login.defs
    
    # UMASK=027
    
    # port for HTTP connector (default 8080; disable with -1)
    HTTP_PORT=8080
    
    
    # servlet context, important if you want to use apache proxying

由此可得知道，jenkins的目录为/var/lib/jenkins

找到admin的目录：

/var/lib/jenkins/users/admin

找到把<passwordHash>节点的内容（图中黑色的那一串）换成\#jbcrypt:$2a$10$DdaWzN64JgUtLdvxWIflcuQu2fgrrMSAMabF5TSrGK5nXitqK9ZMS

换为111111

再次重启，后登录， admin 111111

![Center][]

之后找到【系统设置】，进入【插件安装】

安装一些必要的插件，pipline和maven

待插件安装完成

##  部署项目 ##

创建pipline项目

![Center 1][]

选择pipline(流水线)

我这里创建了一个GITHUB上的项目，JAVA\_ONLINE\_IDE [ https://github.com/puhaiyang/onlineJavaIde][https_github.com_puhaiyang_onlineJavaIde]

![Center 2][]

再选择[Pipeline Syntax][]，因为我对pipline的语法不熟悉，就用它来生成

在piplineSyntax中选择克隆代码，先把代码down下来，输入git的地址，再点击生成按钮即可

![Center 3][]

生成后，代码拷贝到pipline 代码框中，为了查看下是否成功了，保存后，点击立即构建

如构建成功，则会将代码down到jenkins的workspace目录下

如我这里的此目录下：/var/lib/jenkins/workspace/JAVA\_ONLINE\_IDE

![Center 4][]

![Center 5][]

我测试时的脚本代码如下：

[https://github.com/puhaiyang/onlineJavaIde/blob/master/deploy/DeployToAliyun.groovy][https_github.com_puhaiyang_onlineJavaIde_blob_master_deploy_DeployToAliyun.groovy]

/**
     * @author: haiyangp
     * @date: 2017/12/17
     * desc: 将项目部署到阿里云服务器脚本
     */
    node {
        def HOST_PWD = "your_host_password,eg:123456"
        def HOST_USERNAME = "your_host_user,eg:root"
        def HOST_NAME = "your_host_name,eg:192.168.1.103"
    
        stage('get clone') {
            checkout([$class: 'GitSCM', branches: [[name: '*/master']], doGenerateSubmoduleConfigurations: false, extensions: [], gitTool: 'Default', submoduleCfg: [], userRemoteConfigs: [[url: 'https://github.com/puhaiyang/onlineJavaIde.git']]])
        }
    
        stage('mvn test') {
            withMaven(maven: 'M3') {
                sh "mvn test"
            }
        }
    
        stage('mvn install') {
            withMaven(maven: 'M3') {
                sh "mvn install"
            }
        }
    
        stage('depoly') {
            sh 'sshpass -p  ' + HOST_PWD + ' ssh  -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no ' + HOST_USERNAME + '@' + HOST_NAME + ' ls'
            sh 'sshpass -p  ' + HOST_PWD + ' scp  -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no  target/*.jar ' + HOST_USERNAME + '@' + HOST_NAME + ':.'
            echo 'haha'
        }
        //    -p:指定ssh的密码
        //    -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no 避免第一次登录出现公钥检查。也就是避免出现
    
    
        stage('restart') {
            timeout(time: 1, unit: 'DAYS') {
                input message: 'Approve deployment?', submitter: 'it-ops'
            }
        }
    
    }

其中，有很多功能都是之前的jenkins版本无法完成的功能。如input功能，提示一个消息出来，再通过submitter指定这个提示的消息框只允许哪些用户可以点击

![Center 6][]

[hudson_javaWeb]: http://blog.csdn.net/puhaiyang/article/details/50771589
[Image 1]: 
[Center]: /images/20220603/a06b2589acc54f71a883c0519e6baca1.png
[Center 1]: /images/20220603/adec486cc38d44db9e435991507e9fc8.png
[https_github.com_puhaiyang_onlineJavaIde]: https://github.com/puhaiyang/onlineJavaIde
[Center 2]: /images/20220603/6e16845846eb4aa1b1d93c777a5549b1.png
[Pipeline Syntax]: http://192.168.1.179:8080/job/JAVA_ONLINE_IDE/pipeline-syntax
[Center 3]: /images/20220603/d0053e4f06ea4862b729c8b8e252a8d1.png
[Center 4]: /images/20220603/8362784fc08a4f48a6c9e2463efd52e8.png
[Center 5]: /images/20220603/3cc9d546961d4a6bad34cdf4b6905028.png
[https_github.com_puhaiyang_onlineJavaIde_blob_master_deploy_DeployToAliyun.groovy]: https://github.com/puhaiyang/onlineJavaIde/blob/master/deploy/DeployToAliyun.groovy
[Center 6]: /images/20220603/4b1100b16ec34e5b926befa0e72a83b1.png