spring+shiro认证简单入门(登陆案例)

深碍√TFBOYSˉ_ 2022-06-03 10:55 276阅读 0赞

> apache shiro是一款强大的,开源的认证,授权,加密,和会话管理的框架,

### 1.shiro四大核心功能介绍 ###

![这里写图片描述][SouthEast]

*  Authentication:认证,通过输入指定的口令在服务器上获取权限,这一操作被称为认证,其实也就是登陆
 *  Autheorization:授权,即权限验证,验证用户是否拥有执行某一操作的权限,即判断某一用户是否能做某一件事,通过是判断用户是否拥有某一角色,
 *  Cryptography:加密,既对用户存入的数据进行加密处理,而不是使用明文,

#### shiro的三个核心组件：Subject, SecurityManager 和 Realms. ####

![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 1]

百度百科中给出的概念如下,  
\- Subject：即“当前操作用户”,因为虑到大多数目的和用途，你可以把它认为是Shiro的“用户”概念。  
\- 它是Shiro框架的核心，典型的Facade模式，Shiro通过SecurityManager来管理内部组件实例，并通过它来提供安全管理的各种服务。  
\- Realm充当了Shiro与应用安全数据间的“桥梁”或者“连接器”。也就是说，当对用户执行认证（登录）和授权（访问控制）验证时，Shiro会从应用配置的Realm中查找用户及其权限信息。

介绍完shiro框架,我们开始入门案例,

#### 1.创建一个maven工程,当然,也可以到网上下载jar包 ####

<dependencies>
             <dependency>
                    <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
                    <artifactId>shiro-all</artifactId>
                    <version>${shiro.version}</version>
             </dependency>
          </dependencies>
    
        <properties>
             <shiro.version>1.2.2</shiro.version>
        </properties>

#### 2.配置web.xml文件 ####

需要配置shiro特定的过滤器,主要作用是把所有的bean交给spring管理,通过spring容器来管理filter的生命周期，通过spring注入的形式，来代理一个filter执行,主要目的是，找到在spring中维护的目标filter，

<filter>
        <filter-name>shiro</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>
      </filter>
    
      <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>shiro</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
      </filter-mapping>
    
    
      <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
      </listener>
    
      
      <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
      </context-param>
    
    
    
     <filter>
        <filter-name>struts</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
      </filter>
    
      <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>struts</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
      </filter-mapping>

#### spring文件applicationContext.xml配置 ####

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa" xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task" xmlns:jaxws="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa.xsd http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/jaxws.xsd">
    
           
    
                
            <bean id="shiro" class="org.apache.shiro.spring.web.ShiroFilterFactoryBean">
                <property name="loginUrl" value="/login.html"></property>
    
                <property name="successUrl" value="/index.html"></property>
    
                <property name="securityManager" ref="securityManager"></property>
    
                <property name="unauthorizedUrl" value="/unauthorized.html"></property>
    
                
                <property name="filterChainDefinitions">
                    
                    
                    <value>
                        /css/** = anon
                        /images/** = anon
                        /js/** = anon
                        /validatecode.jsp* = anon
                        /userAction_login.* = anon
                        /**=authc
                    </value>
                </property>
            </bean>
    
                
            <bean id="securityManager" class="org.apache.shiro.web.mgt.DefaultWebSecurityManager">
                <property name="realm" ref="realm"></property>
            </bean>
    
            
            <bean id="realm" class="cn.itcast.realm.LoginRealm"></bean>
    
    
    
            
            <context:component-scan base-package="cn.itcast.demo"/>
    
            
             <jpa:repositories base-package="cn.itcast.bos.dao" />
    
            
            <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
    
            <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
               <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory"/>
            </bean>
    
    
            
            <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
                <property name="driverClass" value="oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver"/>
                <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:oracle:thin:@192.168.129.100:1521:orcl"/>
                <property name="user" value="xiaoyang"/>
                <property name="password" value="xy123"/>
            </bean>
    
    
            
    
                
            <bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
                <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    
                
                <property name="packagesToScan" value="cn.itcast.domain"/>
    
                
                <property name="persistenceProvider" >
                    <bean class="org.hibernate.ejb.HibernatePersistence"/>
                </property>
    
                <property name="jpaVendorAdapter">
                    
                    <bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter">
                        <property name="showSql" value="true"/>
                        <property name="generateDdl" value="true"/>
                        <property name="database" value="ORACLE"/>
    
                        
                        <property name="databasePlatform" value="org.hibernate.dialect.Oracle10gDialect"/>
                    </bean>
                </property>
    
                <property name="jpaDialect">
                    
                    <bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaDialect"/>
                </property>
    
            </bean>
    </beans>

#### 编写action层, ####

@Namespace("/")
    @ParentPackage("struts-default")
    @Controller
    @Scope("prototype")
    public class UserAction extends BaseAction<User> { 
    
    
     @Action(value="userAction_login",results = {
       @Result(name = Constant.SUCCESS,location = "/index.html",type = "redirect")
                ,@Result(name = Constant.FAIL,location = "/login.html",type = "redirect")  //
        })
        public String login() throws IOException {
    
                try {
                    Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();//获取主体
    
    //参数,账户, 密码
                    UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken(getModel().getUsername(),getModel().getPassword());
    
    
    
                    //使用主体登陆
                    subject.login(token); //如果没有登陆成功,抛出异常
    
                    //获取登陆对象,
                    User user = (User) subject.getPrincipal();
    
                    //保存状态
                    ServletActionContext.getRequest().getSession().setAttribute("loginUser", user);
                    log.info("成功");
                }catch (Exception e){
                    //账户密码不正确
                    log.info("密码错误");
                }
    
            return  Constant.SUCCESS;
        }
    }

编写realm类,

“\`  
import org.apache.shiro.authc.\*;  
import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthenticatingRealm;  
import org.apache.shiro.realm.Realm;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

public class LoginRealm extends AuthenticatingRealm \{

@Resource
    private IUserDao idao;
    
    @Override
    protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException {
        //下塑转型
        UsernamePasswordToken token = (UsernamePasswordToken)authenticationToken;
    
    //获取前端传来的账号
        String username = token.getUsername();
    
        User user = idao.findByUsername(username);
    
        if (user == null){
        //账户不存在
            return null;
        }
    
        return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(user,user.getPassword(),this.getName());
    }

以上就是登陆的核心代码,是不是很简单呢?

[SouthEast]: /images/20220603/6c8c89420385494a8f0aff656747929e.png
[SouthEast 1]: /images/20220603/dfe61376bec246458647ba18b984329c.png