Spring Cloud各组件超时总结

红太狼 2022-06-04 02:00 119阅读 0赞

# Spring Cloud各组件超时总结 #

Spring Cloud   Spring Cloud   2017/11/28

## Ribbon的超时 ##

全局设置：

局部设置：

其中，`service-id` 是Ribbon所使用的虚拟主机名，一般和Eureka Server上注册的服务名称一致，即：与`spring.application.name` 一致。

## Feign的超时 ##

从Spring Cloud Edgware开始，Feign支持使用属性配置超时：

对于老版本，可以写个`feign.Request.Options` ，参考：`org.springframework.cloud.netflix.feign.ribbon.FeignRibbonClientAutoConfiguration#feignRequestOptions`的写法即可。

## RestTemplate的超时 ##

一些时，我们可能使用了RestTemplate，例如

此时，超时可使用如下方式设置：

<table style="border-spacing:0px; border-collapse:collapse; background-color:transparent; width:835px"> 
 <tbody style=""> 
  <tr style=""> 
   <td style="padding:0px"> <pre style="overflow:auto; font-family:Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,&quot;Courier New&quot;,monospace; font-size:13px; padding:0px; margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1.42857; color:rgb(51,51,51); word-break:break-all; word-wrap:break-word; background:none; border:none">
      
       
     <div style="overflow-x:auto; padding:0.5em; background:rgb(35,35,35); color:rgb(230,225,220)">
       
        
      <span style=""><span style="color:rgb(155,133,157)">@Bean</span></span>
      
       
     </div>
      
       
     <div style="overflow-x:auto; padding:0.5em; background:rgb(35,35,35); color:rgb(230,225,220)">
       
        
      <span style=""><span style="color:rgb(155,133,157)">@LoadBalanced</span></span>
      
       
     </div>
      
       
     <div style="overflow-x:auto; padding:0.5em; background:rgb(35,35,35); color:rgb(230,225,220)">
       
        
      <span style=""><span style=""><span style=""><span style="color:rgb(194,98,48)">public</span></span></span><span style=""> RestTemplate </span><span style=""><span style=""><span style="color:rgb(255,198,109)">restTemplate</span></span></span><span style=""><span style="">(<span style="color:rgb(208,208,255)"></span>)</span></span><span style=""> </span></span>{
      
       
     </div>
      
       
     <div style="overflow-x:auto; padding:0.5em; background:rgb(35,35,35); color:rgb(230,225,220)">
      
        
         SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory simpleClientHttpRequestFactory = 
       
        
      <span style=""><span style="color:rgb(194,98,48)">new</span></span>   SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory();
      
       
     </div>
      
       
     <div style="overflow-x:auto; padding:0.5em; background:rgb(35,35,35); color:rgb(230,225,220)">  
       
        
      <span style="color:rgb(194,98,48)">simpleClientHttpRequestFactory</span>
       
        
      <span style="color:rgb(155,112,63)">.setConnectTimeout</span>(
       
        
      <span style=""><span style="color:rgb(165,194,97)">1000</span></span>);
      
       
     </div>
      
       
     <div style="overflow-x:auto; padding:0.5em; background:rgb(35,35,35); color:rgb(230,225,220)">  
       
        
      <span style="color:rgb(194,98,48)">simpleClientHttpRequestFactory</span>
       
        
      <span style="color:rgb(155,112,63)">.setReadTimeout</span>(
       
        
      <span style=""><span style="color:rgb(165,194,97)">1000</span></span>);
      
       
     </div>
      
       
     <div style="overflow-x:auto; padding:0.5em; background:rgb(35,35,35); color:rgb(230,225,220)">  
       
        
      <span style=""><span style="color:rgb(194,98,48)">return</span></span> 
       
        
      <span style=""><span style="color:rgb(194,98,48)">new</span></span> RestTemplate(simpleClientHttpRequestFactory);
      
       
     </div>
      
       
     <div style="overflow-x:auto; padding:0.5em; background:rgb(35,35,35); color:rgb(230,225,220)">
      
        
       }
      
       
     </div></pre> </td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

## Zuul的超时 ##

Zuul的超时比较复杂，因为Zuul整合了Ribbon、Hystrix。下面分两种情况讨论：

### 如果Zuul的路由使用了Ribbon ###

那么：Zuul的超时则与Ribbon、Hystrix相关，此时Zuul的超时可以配置类似如下：

<table style="border-spacing:0px; border-collapse:collapse; background-color:transparent; width:710px"> 
 <tbody style=""> 
  <tr style=""> 
   <td style="padding:0px"> <pre style="overflow:auto; font-family:Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,&quot;Courier New&quot;,monospace; font-size:13px; padding:0px; margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1.42857; color:rgb(51,51,51); word-break:break-all; word-wrap:break-word; background:none; border:none">
      
       
     <div style="overflow-x:auto; padding:0.5em; background:rgb(35,35,35); color:rgb(230,225,220)">
       
        
      <span style=""><span style="color:rgb(165,194,97)">hystrix:</span></span>
      
       
     </div>
      
       
     <div style="overflow-x:auto; padding:0.5em; background:rgb(35,35,35); color:rgb(230,225,220)">
       
        
      <span style=""><span style="color:rgb(109,156,190)"> command:</span></span>
      
       
     </div>
      
       
     <div style="overflow-x:auto; padding:0.5em; background:rgb(35,35,35); color:rgb(230,225,220)">
       
        
      <span style=""> <span style="color:rgb(194,98,48)">default</span>:</span>
      
       
     </div>
      
       
     <div style="overflow-x:auto; padding:0.5em; background:rgb(35,35,35); color:rgb(230,225,220)">
       
        
      <span style=""><span style="color:rgb(109,156,190)"> execution:</span></span>
      
       
     </div>
      
       
     <div style="overflow-x:auto; padding:0.5em; background:rgb(35,35,35); color:rgb(230,225,220)">
       
        
      <span style=""><span style="color:rgb(109,156,190)"> isolation:</span></span>
      
       
     </div>
      
       
     <div style="overflow-x:auto; padding:0.5em; background:rgb(35,35,35); color:rgb(230,225,220)">
       
        
      <span style=""><span style="color:rgb(109,156,190)"> thread:</span></span>
      
       
     </div>
      
       
     <div style="overflow-x:auto; padding:0.5em; background:rgb(35,35,35); color:rgb(230,225,220)">
       
        
      <span style=""><span style="color:rgb(109,156,190)"> timeoutInMilliseconds:</span></span> 
       
        
      <span style=""><span style="color:rgb(165,194,97)">1000</span></span>
      
       
     </div>
      
       
     <div style="overflow-x:auto; padding:0.5em; background:rgb(35,35,35); color:rgb(230,225,220)">
       
        
      <span style=""><span style="color:rgb(165,194,97)">ribbon:</span></span>
      
       
     </div>
      
       
     <div style="overflow-x:auto; padding:0.5em; background:rgb(35,35,35); color:rgb(230,225,220)">
       
        
      <span style=""><span style="color:rgb(109,156,190)"> ReadTimeout:</span></span> 
       
        
      <span style=""><span style="color:rgb(165,194,97)">1000</span></span>
      
       
     </div>
      
       
     <div style="overflow-x:auto; padding:0.5em; background:rgb(35,35,35); color:rgb(230,225,220)">
       
        
      <span style=""><span style="color:rgb(109,156,190)"> ConnectTimeout:</span></span> 
       
        
      <span style=""><span style="color:rgb(165,194,97)">1000</span></span>
      
       
     </div></pre> </td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

代码解析：此种情况下，Zuul转发所使用的过滤器是`org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.filters.route.RibbonRoutingFilter` ，在这个过滤器中，整合了Hystrix以及Ribbon。

### 如果Zuul的路由未使用Ribbon ###

例如：Zuul的路由配置如下：

<table style="border-spacing:0px; border-collapse:collapse; background-color:transparent; width:710px"> 
 <tbody style=""> 
  <tr style=""> 
   <td style="padding:0px"> <pre style="overflow:auto; font-family:Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,&quot;Courier New&quot;,monospace; font-size:13px; padding:0px; margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1.42857; color:rgb(51,51,51); word-break:break-all; word-wrap:break-word; background:none; border:none">
      
       
     <div style="overflow-x:auto; padding:0.5em; background:rgb(35,35,35); color:rgb(230,225,220)">
       
        
      <span style=""><span style="color:rgb(165,194,97)">zuul:</span></span>
      
       
     </div>
      
       
     <div style="overflow-x:auto; padding:0.5em; background:rgb(35,35,35); color:rgb(230,225,220)">
       
        
      <span style=""><span style="color:rgb(109,156,190)"> routes:</span></span>
      
       
     </div>
      
       
     <div style="overflow-x:auto; padding:0.5em; background:rgb(35,35,35); color:rgb(230,225,220)">
       
        
      <span style=""><span style="color:rgb(109,156,190)"> user-route:</span></span>                   
       
        
      <span style=""><span style="color:rgb(188,148,88); font-style:italic"># 该配置方式中，user-route只是给路由一个名称，可以任意起名。</span></span>
      
       
     </div>
      
       
     <div style="overflow-x:auto; padding:0.5em; background:rgb(35,35,35); color:rgb(230,225,220)">
       
        
      <span style=""> <span style="color:rgb(205,168,105)">url</span>:</span> 
       
        
      <span style=""><span style="color:rgb(205,168,105)">http</span>:<span style="color:rgb(188,148,88); font-style:italic">//localhost:8000/</span></span>
       
        
      <span style="color:rgb(188,148,88); font-style:italic"> </span>
       
        
      <span style=""><span style="color:rgb(188,148,88); font-style:italic"># 指定的url</span></span>
      
       
     </div>
      
       
     <div style="overflow-x:auto; padding:0.5em; background:rgb(35,35,35); color:rgb(230,225,220)">
       
        
      <span style=""><span style="color:rgb(109,156,190)"> path:</span></span> 
       
        
      <span style="">/user/**</span>              
       
        
      <span style=""><span style="color:rgb(188,148,88); font-style:italic"># url对应的路径。</span></span>
      
       
     </div></pre> </td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

那么，此时Zuul的超时只与如下两个配置有关：

代码解析：直接配置URL路由的方式，用不上Ribbon，也用不上Hystrix，Zuul转发所使用的过滤器是`org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.filters.route.SimpleHostRoutingFilter` ，在这个过滤器中，Zuul使用Apache HttpClient进行转发。

在现实场景中，有时候可能两种路由方式配合使用，因此，建议大家配置以上所有属性。

## Hystrix的超时 ##

<table style="border-spacing:0px; border-collapse:collapse; background-color:transparent; width:710px"> 
 <tbody style=""> 
  <tr style=""> 
   <td style="padding:0px"> <pre style="overflow:auto; font-family:Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,&quot;Courier New&quot;,monospace; font-size:13px; padding:0px; margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1.42857; color:rgb(51,51,51); word-break:break-all; word-wrap:break-word; background:none; border:none">
      
       
     <div style="overflow-x:auto; padding:0.5em; background:rgb(35,35,35); color:rgb(230,225,220)">
       
        
      <span style=""><span style="color:rgb(165,194,97)">hystrix:</span></span>
      
       
     </div>
      
       
     <div style="overflow-x:auto; padding:0.5em; background:rgb(35,35,35); color:rgb(230,225,220)">
       
        
      <span style=""><span style="color:rgb(109,156,190)"> command:</span></span>
      
       
     </div>
      
       
     <div style="overflow-x:auto; padding:0.5em; background:rgb(35,35,35); color:rgb(230,225,220)">
       
        
      <span style=""> <span style="color:rgb(194,98,48)">default</span>:</span>
      
       
     </div>
      
       
     <div style="overflow-x:auto; padding:0.5em; background:rgb(35,35,35); color:rgb(230,225,220)">
       
        
      <span style=""><span style="color:rgb(109,156,190)"> execution:</span></span>
      
       
     </div>
      
       
     <div style="overflow-x:auto; padding:0.5em; background:rgb(35,35,35); color:rgb(230,225,220)">
       
        
      <span style=""><span style="color:rgb(109,156,190)"> timeout:</span></span>
      
       
     </div>
      
       
     <div style="overflow-x:auto; padding:0.5em; background:rgb(35,35,35); color:rgb(230,225,220)">
       
        
      <span style=""><span style="color:rgb(109,156,190)"> enabled:</span></span> 
       
        
      <span style="">true</span>
      
       
     </div>
      
       
     <div style="overflow-x:auto; padding:0.5em; background:rgb(35,35,35); color:rgb(230,225,220)">
       
        
      <span style=""><span style="color:rgb(109,156,190)"> isolation:</span></span>
      
       
     </div>
      
       
     <div style="overflow-x:auto; padding:0.5em; background:rgb(35,35,35); color:rgb(230,225,220)">
       
        
      <span style=""><span style="color:rgb(109,156,190)"> thread:</span></span>
      
       
     </div>
      
       
     <div style="overflow-x:auto; padding:0.5em; background:rgb(35,35,35); color:rgb(230,225,220)">
       
        
      <span style=""><span style="color:rgb(109,156,190)"> timeoutInMilliseconds:</span></span> 
       
        
      <span style=""><span style="color:rgb(165,194,97)">1000</span></span>
      
       
     </div></pre> </td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

如上，Hystrix的默认超时时间是1秒。默认开启超时机制。如需关闭Hystrix的超时，可将xxx.enabled设置为false。

### Tips ###

如有组件跟Hystrix配合使用，一般来讲，建议Hystrix的超时 > 其他组件的超时，否则将可能导致重试特性失效。