centos7.3中RPM方式安装mysql5.7(附加centos6)

末蓝、 2022-06-05 04:42 79阅读 0赞

首先去下载rpm安装包：[https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/，选择红帽linux64位版。然后上传到服务器中。][https_dev.mysql.com_downloads_mysql_linux64]

[root@cs mysql]# ls
    mysql-community-client-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm  mysql-community-embedded-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm         mysql-community-libs-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm               mysql-community-server-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
    mysql-community-common-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm  mysql-community-embedded-compat-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm  mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm        mysql-community-server-minimal-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
    mysql-community-devel-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm   mysql-community-embedded-devel-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm   mysql-community-minimal-debuginfo-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm  mysql-community-test-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

接下来就是安装了,如果是普通用户需要sudo权限，并在执行命令前加sudo。如果安装过mysql先用命令卸载掉相关的包。rpm安装是有依赖关系的所以我们要按照顺序进行安装：

[root@cs mysql]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
    warning: mysql-community-common-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
    Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
    	file /usr/share/mysql/czech/errmsg.sys from install of mysql-community-common-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64 conflicts with file from package mariadb-libs-1:5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64

提示和我们安装的有冲突，我们找到这个包并卸载掉：

[root@cs mysql]# rpm -qa|grep mariadb
    mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64
    [root@cs mysql]# rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64

再次安装：

[root@cs mysql]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
    warning: mysql-community-common-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
    Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
    Updating / installing...
       1:mysql-community-common-5.7.20-1.e################################# [100%]

[root@cs mysql]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
    warning: mysql-community-libs-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
    Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
    Updating / installing...
       1:mysql-community-libs-5.7.20-1.el7################################# [100%]

[root@cs mysql]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
    warning: mysql-community-client-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
    Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
    Updating / installing...
       1:mysql-community-client-5.7.20-1.e################################# [100%]

[root@cs mysql]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
    warning: mysql-community-server-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
    error: Failed dependencies:
    	libaio.so.1()(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64
    	libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.1)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64
    	libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.4)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64

提示安装失败，这是因为我们少这个依赖库，用yum进行安装（centos6.5的则还可能缺少一个库，也需要安装一下 yum install numactl ）：

[root@cs mysql]# yum install libaio
    Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
    Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
    Resolving Dependencies
    --> Running transaction check
    ---> Package libaio.x86_64 0:0.3.109-13.el7 will be installed
    --> Finished Dependency Resolution
    
    Dependencies Resolved
    
    ==============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
     Package                                                         Arch                                                            Version                                                                  Repository                                                     Size
    ==============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
    Installing:
     libaio                                                          x86_64                                                          0.3.109-13.el7                                                           base                                                           24 k
    
    Transaction Summary
    ==============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
    Install  1 Package
    
    Total download size: 24 k
    Installed size: 38 k
    Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
    Downloading packages:
    libaio-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |  24 kB  00:00:00     
    Running transaction check
    Running transaction test
    Transaction test succeeded
    Running transaction
    Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum.
    ** Found 2 pre-existing rpmdb problem(s), 'yum check' output follows:
    2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64 has missing requires of libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit)
    2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64 has missing requires of libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit)
      Installing : libaio-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                                                                               1/1 
      Verifying  : libaio-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                                                                               1/1 
    
    Installed:
      libaio.x86_64 0:0.3.109-13.el7                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
    
    Complete!

再次安装：

[root@cs mysql]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
    warning: mysql-community-server-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
    Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
    Updating / installing...
       1:mysql-community-server-5.7.20-1.e################################# [100%]

[root@cs mysql]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
    warning: mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
    Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
    Updating / installing...
       1:mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.2################################# [100%]

到此，安装完成。然后我们进行初始化数据库，因为我是root安装的所以想要指定一个mysql用，用mysql启动。根据自己的需要也可以不加。初始化：

[root@cs mysql]# mysqld --initialize --user=mysql

启动数据库并：

[root@cs mysql]# systemctl start mysqld

设置开机自动启动并查看是否设置成功：

[root@cs mysql]# systemctl enable mysqld
    [root@cs mysql]# systemctl is-enabled mysqld
    enabled

因为mysql5.7的会有一个随机密码在日志中生成，我们查找一下，密码这语句的最后：

[root@cs mysql]# grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
    2017-11-17T08:05:05.411354Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: Ret6HK7sab<a

然后我们就可以用密码登陆数据库，并修改密码或增加远程访问权限了：

set password for 'root'@'localhost'=password('666666');
    GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'name'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'password' WITH GRANT OPTION;FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

小写部分为修改密码；大写部分为设置远程登陆权限。大功告成！

centos6需要上传6版本的安装包。首先强制卸载原来的库文件：

[root@iZ2zehuxtbd86xnzo2i9bbZ ~]# rpm -qa|grep mysql
    mysql-libs-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64
    [root@iZ2zehuxtbd86xnzo2i9bbZ ~]# rpm -e mysql-libs-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64
    error: Failed dependencies:
    	libmysqlclient.so.16()(64bit) is needed by (installed) postfix-2:2.6.6-8.el6.x86_64
    	libmysqlclient.so.16(libmysqlclient_16)(64bit) is needed by (installed) postfix-2:2.6.6-8.el6.x86_64
    	mysql-libs is needed by (installed) postfix-2:2.6.6-8.el6.x86_64
    [root@iZ2zehuxtbd86xnzo2i9bbZ ~]# rpm -e --nodeps  mysql-libs-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64

再依次进行安装：

[root@iZ2zehuxtbd86xnzo2i9bbZ ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.20-1.el6.x86_64.rpm 
    warning: mysql-community-common-5.7.20-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
    Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
       1:mysql-community-common ########################################### [100%]
    [root@iZ2zehuxtbd86xnzo2i9bbZ ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.20-1.el6.x86_64.rpm 
    warning: mysql-community-libs-5.7.20-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
    Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
       1:mysql-community-libs   ########################################### [100%]
    [root@iZ2zehuxtbd86xnzo2i9bbZ ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.20-1.el6.x86_64.rpm 
    warning: mysql-community-client-5.7.20-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
    Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
       1:mysql-community-client ########################################### [100%]
    [root@iZ2zehuxtbd86xnzo2i9bbZ ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.20-1.el6.x86_64.rpm 
    warning: mysql-community-server-5.7.20-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
    Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
       1:mysql-community-server ########################################### [100%]
    [root@iZ2zehuxtbd86xnzo2i9bbZ ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.20-1.el6.x86_64.rpm 
    warning: mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.20-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
    Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
       1:mysql-community-libs-co########################################### [100%]

进行初始化，开启数据库，查看密码并进入，然后就可以修改密码并设置远程连接了：

[root@iZ2zehuxtbd86xnzo2i9bbZ ~]# mysqld --initialize --user=mysql
    [root@iZ2zehuxtbd86xnzo2i9bbZ ~]# service mysql start
    mysql: unrecognized service
    [root@iZ2zehuxtbd86xnzo2i9bbZ ~]# service mysqld start
    Starting mysqld:                                           [  OK  ]
    [root@iZ2zehuxtbd86xnzo2i9bbZ ~]#  grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
    2018-11-06T01:31:36.283902Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: Lp)*jHPd2eIC

[https_dev.mysql.com_downloads_mysql_linux64]: https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/%EF%BC%8C%E9%80%89%E6%8B%A9%E7%BA%A2%E5%B8%BDlinux64%E4%BD%8D%E7%89%88%E3%80%82%E7%84%B6%E5%90%8E%E4%B8%8A%E4%BC%A0%E5%88%B0%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E5%99%A8%E4%B8%AD%E3%80%82