【java】SSM架构改造为dubbo分布式架构

我就是我 2022-06-06 07:07 148阅读 0赞

# 一、前言 #

在前一篇博客中，小编向大家介绍了[《使用idea搭建SSM框架》][idea_SSM]，如果按照小编的步骤做下来，基本上是没有问题的。但是这个只是一个简单的SSM架构，在上线的项目中，这种架构只能满足一些用户量比较小的项目，随着项目的做大，我们就需要使用分布式来增加项目的效率。这里小编就使用Dubbo这种流动计算架构。

具体dubbo的介绍和环境搭建，小编已经在[《【Java】Dubbo+zookeeper搭建分布式服务框架》][Java_Dubbo_zookeeper]中向大家介绍过了，没有了解的小伙伴，请自动补课哦~~~

# 二、改造开始 #

我们已经搭建了一个结构如下的SSM框架，这个框架中，我们web层打包为war，service打包方式为jar。

![这里写图片描述][SouthEast]

现在使用dubbo进行改造，把Service和web之间进行远程服务调用。使用dubbo进行调用。

改造后的架构如下：

![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 1]

这里小编说一下：

我们使用了dubbo，dubbo是为了解决我们随着我们互联网的发展，网站越来越大，我们需要一个传输效率更加高的，进行调用。

![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 2]

在前面小编向大家介绍了Dubbo这种rpc调用方法，其中包括了 提供者 、消费者 、注册中心、控制台等部分。

Consumer和Provider的长连接连接。

# 三、改造过程 #

## 3.1 Base-root的pom文件添加dubbo依赖 ##

鉴于dubbo的处理机制，所以小编添加了三个依赖：dubbo、zookeeper、zkclient。

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
      <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
      <groupId>com.dmsd</groupId>
      <artifactId>base-root</artifactId>
      <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
      <modules>
        <module>../base-web</module>
      </modules>
      <packaging>pom</packaging>
    
    
      <properties>
        <junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
        <spring.version>4.2.4.RELEASE</spring.version>
        <mybatis.version>3.2.8</mybatis.version>
        <mybatis.spring.version>1.2.2</mybatis.spring.version>
        <mybatis.paginator.version>1.2.15</mybatis.paginator.version>
        <mysql.version>5.1.32</mysql.version>
        <slf4j.version>1.6.4</slf4j.version>
        <jackson.version>2.4.2</jackson.version>
        <druid.version>1.0.9</druid.version>
        <jstl.version>1.2</jstl.version>
        <servlet-api.version>2.5</servlet-api.version>
        <jsp-api.version>2.0</jsp-api.version>
        <pagehelper.version>5.0.0</pagehelper.version>
        <slf4j-api.version>1.7.21</slf4j-api.version>
        <slf4j-log4j12.version>1.7.21</slf4j-log4j12.version>
        <log4j-core.version>2.9.1</log4j-core.version>
        <dubbo.version>2.5.3</dubbo.version>
        <zookeeper.version>3.4.7</zookeeper.version>
        <zkclient.version>0.1</zkclient.version>
    
      </properties>
    
    
      <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
    
          
          <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
            <version>${jackson.version}</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
            <version>2.9.1</version>
          </dependency>
    
          <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.module</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-module-jaxb-annotations</artifactId>
            <version>2.9.1</version>
          </dependency>
    
          <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
            <version>2.9.0</version>
          </dependency>
    
    
          
          <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>${junit.version}</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
          </dependency>
    
          
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
            <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
          </dependency>
    
          
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>${mybatis.version}</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
            <version>${mybatis.spring.version}</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>com.github.miemiedev</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-paginator</artifactId>
            <version>${mybatis.paginator.version}</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId>
            <artifactId>pagehelper</artifactId>
            <version>${pagehelper.version}</version>
          </dependency>
    
          
          <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>${mysql.version}</version>
          </dependency>
    
          
          <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
            <version>${druid.version}</version>
          </dependency>
    
          
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jms</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
          </dependency>
    
          
          <dependency>
            <groupId>jstl</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>${jstl.version}</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>${servlet-api.version}</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
            <version>${jsp-api.version}</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
          </dependency>
    
    
          
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
            <version>${slf4j-api.version}</version>
          </dependency>
    
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
            <version>${slf4j-log4j12.version}</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j-core</artifactId>
            <version>${log4j-core.version}</version>
          </dependency>
    
          
          <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
            <version>${dubbo.version}</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
            <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
            <version>${zookeeper.version}</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
            <groupId>com.github.sgroschupf</groupId>
            <artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
            <version>${zkclient.version}</version>
          </dependency>
        </dependencies>
      </dependencyManagement>
    </project>

## 3.2 提供者项目拆分 ##

### 3.2.1 把base-manage的pom文件中 `<module>base-manage-web</module>` 删除 ###

![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 3]

### 3.2.2 修改base-manage-service项目中的pom文件，打包方式改为war，添加dubbo的相关依赖（包括dubbo、zk、zkclient） ###

![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 4]

base-manage-service的pom文件：

### 3.2.3 相关的配置文件 ###

配置文件这里包括了入口web.xml文件、spring配置文件、mybatis配置文件、数据库信息文件等。

![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 5]

*  Web.xml文件：

建立webapp文件，下面建立WEB-INF文件，在下面建立web.xml文件。

其中只配置spring容器，用于项目加载的时候，加载spring。

*  修改applicationContext-service.xml文件

在service项目下面建立resources文件，把web项目中的文件拷贝过来，删除其中spring/springmvc.xml文件（具体文件见上篇博客），因为在Service中用不到springmvc，所以springmvc.xml文件也就没有用了，可以删除。

在配置文件中添加了dubbo的约束，然后使用后dubbo:service发布服务。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.2.xsd">
    
        <context:component-scan base-package="com.dmsd.service"/>
    
    
        
        
        <dubbo:application name="base-manager" />
        <dubbo:registry protocol="zookeeper" address="192.168.137.13:2181" />
        
        <dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="20880" />
        
        <dubbo:service interface="com.dmsd.api.UserService" ref="userServiceImpl" />
    
    </beans>

### 3.2.4 删除base-manage-web ###

![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 6]

## 3.3 消费者项目 ##

重新建立一个名字为 base-web项目，与base-manage同样等级

![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 7]

![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 8]

项目打包方式为web：

因为web端用了springmvc，所以我们引入对spring相关的引用。

前端作为dubbo的消费者，所以我们还需要添加对dubbo相关的引用（包括了dubbo，zk ，zkclient）

pom文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    
    
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
        <parent>
            <artifactId>base-root</artifactId>
            <groupId>com.dmsd</groupId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
            <relativePath>../base-root/pom.xml</relativePath>
        </parent>
    
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
        <packaging>war</packaging>
    
        <name>base-web</name>
        <artifactId>base-web</artifactId>
    
    
    
        <dependencies>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.dmsd</groupId>
                <artifactId>base-manage-api</artifactId>
                <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
            </dependency>
    
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>jstl</groupId>
                <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
                <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
                <scope>provided</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
                <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
                <scope>provided</scope>
            </dependency>
    
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
                <exclusions>
                    <exclusion>
                        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                        <artifactId>spring</artifactId>
                    </exclusion>
                    <exclusion>
                        <groupId>org.jboss.netty</groupId>
                        <artifactId>netty</artifactId>
                    </exclusion>
                </exclusions>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
                <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
            <groupId>com.github.sgroschupf</groupId>
            <artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
    
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-jms</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    
    </project>

建立webapp/WEB-INF/web.xml

由于咱们使用使用了springmvc，我们就需要在web.xml文件中配置前端控制器 和 解决post乱码。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <web-app version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">
    
      <display-name>base-manage-web</display-name>
      <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
      </welcome-file-list>
    
    
    
      
      <filter>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
          <param-name>encoding</param-name>
          <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
      </filter>
      <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
      </filter-mapping>
    
      
      <servlet>
        <servlet-name>base-web</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        
        <init-param>
          <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
          <param-value>classpath:spring/springmvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
      </servlet>
      <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>base-web</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
      </servlet-mapping>
    
    </web-app>

springmvc：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.2.xsd http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd">
    
    
        <context:component-scan base-package="com.dmsd.controller" />
        
        <mvc:annotation-driven />
    
        
        <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
            <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
            <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
        </bean>
    
        
        <dubbo:application name="base-web"/>
        <dubbo:registry protocol="zookeeper" address="192.168.137.13:2181"/>
        <dubbo:reference interface="com.dmsd.api.UserService" id="userServiceImpl" />
    
    
    </beans>

UserController：

package com.dmsd.controller;
    
    
    import com.dmsd.api.UserService;
    import com.dmsd.pojo.TUser;
    import com.dmsd.tool.JacksonJsonUntil;
    import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonProcessingException;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
    
    /** * Created by Ares on 2017/10/24. */
    @Controller
    public class UserController {
    
        //注入api
        @Autowired
        private UserService userService;
    
        @RequestMapping("/user/{id}")
        @ResponseBody
        public String findUserById(@PathVariable String id) throws JsonProcessingException {
            TUser user = userService.findUserById(id);
            String json = JacksonJsonUntil.objectToJson(user);
            return json;
        }
    
    }

# 四、效果展示 #

先运行sevice： 配置的tomcat为8080

![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 9]

在运行web： 配置的tomcat为8081

![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 10]

在浏览器中输入[http://localhost:8081/user/123][http_localhost_8081_user_123]，显示查询的数据

![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 11]

# 五、注意事项 #

说说改造的重点吧：

*  添加pom对dubbo的依赖
 *  service改造为war，配置web.xml 、spring等配置文件
    
     *  web.xml文件中配置spring容器。
     *  spring中添加dubbo相关的约束，添加dubbo相关服务：暴露注册中心，使用`dubbo:service`暴露服务接口
 *  web改为和base-manage同一级别，配置web.xml、springmvc等配置文件
    
     *  web.xml中配置springmvc的前端控制器+解决post乱码相关内容
     *  springmvc.xml文件中配置包扫描器，注解驱动，静态资源映射，dubbo服务；dubbo服务中要暴露注册中心，以及通过`dubbo:reference`生成远程代理服务，调用消费者信息。

# 六、小结 #

架构是非常有意思的。

小编在改造的过程中，从各种资料中查询，然后百度了很多的东西，要找一手的资料，直接在dubbo官网上进行查看demo，对我受益匪浅，所以我们学习也是要找一手资料，然后变成自己的资料。

[idea_SSM]: http://blog.csdn.net/kisscatforever/article/details/78334439
[Java_Dubbo_zookeeper]: http://blog.csdn.net/kisscatforever/article/details/78269729
[SouthEast]: /images/20220606/7837f8ee3da04e649e9c19fd4c390871.png
[SouthEast 1]: /images/20220606/f2d95ab05f954409a600a47c1a5d1332.png
[SouthEast 2]: /images/20220606/6494de3bad274e0cafa428f2a8372a56.png
[SouthEast 3]: /images/20220606/0820792a9de4484b9314d025af6a3270.png
[SouthEast 4]: /images/20220606/c1d38bef90144766bf90e63a08ea48e3.png
[SouthEast 5]: /images/20220606/2c3b5dd651294bc3973edbfd91669be9.png
[SouthEast 6]: /images/20220606/3162e4371add43e796f0c73d60ed4427.png
[SouthEast 7]: /images/20220606/c1dc9110f049491abfb84a342a3d785b.png
[SouthEast 8]: /images/20220606/21b868f3304d4844b0f7fd5e05e2eaac.png
[SouthEast 9]: /images/20220606/014b116e14584150833f7593860d8ea1.png
[SouthEast 10]: /images/20220606/c29c03996c2043649f4bcc5e19638a80.png
[http_localhost_8081_user_123]: http://localhost:8081/user/123
[SouthEast 11]: /images/20220606/514006ca7ecd4c55aaa7c93e1f48009f.png