Mac OS安装mysql教程

朴灿烈づ我的快乐病毒、 2022-06-06 10:19 309阅读 0赞

前两天为了开发方便，在自己电脑上装了一个mysql，发现Mac上的安装步骤中还是有些注意事项的，于是整理了这篇博客。

## 1、下载 ##

进入官网www.mysql.com下载所需的mysql版本和安装包格式。  
注：Mac需下载dmg格式文件。

![这里写图片描述][SouthEast]

下载完毕后，点击pkg安装包，next进行安装。

## 2、安装 ##

安装完毕后，进入系统偏好设置，找到mysql。  
![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 1]

点击Start Mysql Server，显示启动成功。

> Tips:  
> （1）mysql默认安装路径是:/usr/local/mysql  
> （2）此时需要记录下临时密码，如w?8gUt-xfp\_s。

## 3、配置 ##

### 3.1修改临时密码 ###

数据库连接工具无法使用临时密码进行连接，会报错密码失效。

登录mysql的默认路径的bin下，使用如下命令，进行修改。其中，123456为你的新密码。

![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 2]

### 3.2修改字符集 ###

一般，my-default.cnf文件在mysql/support-files下。若存在，将其拷贝到/etc下，并修改名称为my.cnf。若没有，则手动建立该文件于/etc下。

新建文件命令：  
sudo vim my.cnf

设置文件权限：  
chmod 775 my.cnf

添加文件内容：  
将如下配置内容写入到文件中

# Example MySQL config file for medium systems.  
      #  
      # This is for a system with little memory (32M - 64M) where MySQL plays  
      # an important part, or systems up to 128M where MySQL is used together with  
      # other programs (such as a web server)  
      #  
      # MySQL programs look for option files in a set of  
      # locations which depend on the deployment platform.  
      # You can copy this option file to one of those  
      # locations. For information about these locations, see:  
      # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/option-files.html  
      #  
      # In this file, you can use all long options that a program supports.  
      # If you want to know which options a program supports, run the program  
      # with the "--help" option.  
      # The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients  
      [client]
      default-character-set=utf8
      #password   = your_password  
      port        = 3306  
      socket      = /tmp/mysql.sock   
      # Here follows entries for some specific programs  
      # The MySQL server  
      [mysqld]
      character-set-server=utf8
      init_connect='SET  NAMES utf8'
      port        = 3306  
      socket      = /tmp/mysql.sock  
      skip-external-locking  
      key_buffer_size = 16M  
      max_allowed_packet = 1M  
      table_open_cache = 64  
      sort_buffer_size = 512K  
      net_buffer_length = 8K  
      read_buffer_size = 256K  
      read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K  
      myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M  
      character-set-server=utf8  
      init_connect='SET  NAMES utf8' 
    # Don't listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement,  
    # if all processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host.  
    # All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes.  
    # Note that using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows  
    # (via the "enable-named-pipe" option) will render mysqld useless!  
    #   
    #skip-networking  
    # Replication Master Server (default)  
      # binary logging is required for replication  
      log-bin=mysql-bin  
    # binary logging format - mixed recommended  
        binlog_format=mixed  
    # required unique id between 1 and 2^32 - 1  
          # defaults to 1 if master-host is not set  
          # but will not function as a master if omitted  
          server-id   = 1  
    # Replication Slave (comment out master section to use this)  
        #  
        # To configure this host as a replication slave, you can choose between  
        # two methods :  
        #  
        # 1) Use the CHANGE MASTER TO command (fully described in our manual) -  
        #    the syntax is:  
        #  
        #    CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=<host>, MASTER_PORT=<port>,  
        #    MASTER_USER=<user>, MASTER_PASSWORD=<password> ;  
        #  
        #    where you replace <host>, <user>, <password> by quoted strings and  
        #    <port> by the master's port number (3306 by default).  
        #  
        #    Example:  
        #  
        #    CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='125.564.12.1', MASTER_PORT=3306,  
        #    MASTER_USER='joe', MASTER_PASSWORD='secret';  
        #  
        # OR  
        #  
        # 2) Set the variables below. However, in case you choose this method, then  
        #    start replication for the first time (even unsuccessfully, for example  
        #    if you mistyped the password in master-password and the slave fails to  
        #    connect), the slave will create a master.info file, and any later  
        #    change in this file to the variables' values below will be ignored and  
        #    overridden by the content of the master.info file, unless you shutdown  
        #    the slave server, delete master.info and restart the slaver server.  
        #    For that reason, you may want to leave the lines below untouched  
        #    (commented) and instead use CHANGE MASTER TO (see above)  
        #  
        # required unique id between 2 and 2^32 - 1  
        # (and different from the master)  
        # defaults to 2 if master-host is set  
        # but will not function as a slave if omitted  
        #server-id       = 2  
        #  
        # The replication master for this slave - required  
        #master-host     =   <hostname>  
        #  
        # The username the slave will use for authentication when connecting  
        # to the master - required  
        #master-user     =   <username>  
        #  
        # The password the slave will authenticate with when connecting to  
        # the master - required  
        #master-password =   <password>  
        #  
        # The port the master is listening on.  
        # optional - defaults to 3306  
        #master-port     =  <port>  
        #  
        # binary logging - not required for slaves, but recommended  
        #log-bin=mysql-bin  
    # Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables  
          #innodb_data_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data  
          #innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend  
          #innodb_log_group_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data  
          # You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 %  
          # of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high  
          #innodb_buffer_pool_size = 16M  
          #innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 2M  
          # Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size  
          #innodb_log_file_size = 5M  
          #innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M  
          #innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1  
          #innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50  
    [mysqldump]  
            quick  
            max_allowed_packet = 16M  
    [mysql]  
              no-auto-rehash  
              # Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL  
              #safe-updates  
              default-character-set=utf8   
    [myisamchk]  
            key_buffer_size = 20M  
            sort_buffer_size = 20M  
            read_buffer = 2M  
            write_buffer = 2M  
    [mysqlhotcopy]  
              interactive-timeout

重启后登录mysql client ，输入show variables like ‘%char%’；进行查看。

## 4、小结 ##

选择稳定的且适合你系统的安装包；  
权限问题实在搞不定记得sudo；  
vi操作文件要小心。

以上，世上无难事，只怕有心人。

[SouthEast]: /images/20220606/2909c26271af41d58204adf3e659a4e3.png
[SouthEast 1]: /images/20220606/33d68d04c443417a887b09e8c488cb6f.png
[SouthEast 2]: /images/20220606/33ca2feb92ce4caca90550434bdd4b21.png