javaweb项目登录注册界面验证码动态生成展示

港控/mmm° 2022-06-06 13:42 369阅读 0赞

前端html代码如下

  1. <img class="header-code" src="/validateCode" width="50" height="24">

对应后端controller接口如下

  1. /** * 获取验证码 * @param session * @param response */ @RequestMapping("validateCode")
  2.     public void validateCode(HttpSession session, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response){
  3.         try {
  4.             response.reset();
  5.             // 设置响应的类型格式为图片格式
  6.             response.setContentType("image/jpeg");
  7.             //禁止图像缓存。
  8.             response.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache");
  9.             response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
  10.             response.setDateHeader("Expires", 0);
  11.             String code = VerifyCodeUtils.generateVerifyCode(4);
  12.             session.setMaxInactiveInterval(60*60*3);
  13.             session.setAttribute("code", code);
  14.             VerifyCodeUtils.outputImage(200,80,response.getOutputStream(),code);
  15.             response.flushBuffer();
  16.         } catch (Exception e) {
  17.             logger.error("出现异常! 操作失败! 异常信息: " + e.getMessage());
  18.         }
  19.     }

使用utils如下

  1. package com.ig.common.util;
  3. import java.awt.Color;
  4. import java.awt.Font;
  5. import java.awt.Graphics;
  6. import java.awt.Graphics2D;
  7. import java.awt.RenderingHints;
  8. import java.awt.geom.AffineTransform;
  9. import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
  10. import java.io.File;
  11. import java.io.FileOutputStream;
  12. import java.io.IOException;
  13. import java.io.OutputStream;
  14. import java.util.Arrays;
  15. import java.util.Random;
  17. import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
  19. public class VerifyCodeUtils{
  21.    //使用到Algerian字体，系统里没有的话需要安装字体，字体只显示大写，去掉了1,0,i,o几个容易混淆的字符
  22.    public static final String VERIFY_CODES = "23456789";
  23.    private static Random random = new Random();
  26.    /** * 使用系统默认字符源生成验证码 * @param verifySize 验证码长度 * @return */ public static String generateVerifyCode(int verifySize){
  27.       return generateVerifyCode(verifySize, VERIFY_CODES);
  28.    }
  29.    /** * 使用指定源生成验证码 * @param verifySize 验证码长度 * @param sources 验证码字符源 * @return */ public static String generateVerifyCode(int verifySize, String sources){
  30.       if(sources == null || sources.length() == 0){
  31.          sources = VERIFY_CODES;
  32.       }
  33.       int codesLen = sources.length();
  34.       Random rand = new Random(System.currentTimeMillis());
  35.       StringBuilder verifyCode = new StringBuilder(verifySize);
  36.       for(int i = 0; i < verifySize; i++){
  37.          verifyCode.append(sources.charAt(rand.nextInt(codesLen-1)));
  38.       }
  39.       return verifyCode.toString();
  40.    }
  42.    /** * 生成随机验证码文件,并返回验证码值 * @param w * @param h * @param outputFile * @param verifySize * @return * @throws IOException */ public static String outputVerifyImage(int w, int h, File outputFile, int verifySize) throws IOException{
  43.       String verifyCode = generateVerifyCode(verifySize);
  44.       outputImage(w, h, outputFile, verifyCode);
  45.       return verifyCode;
  46.    }
  48.    /** * 输出随机验证码图片流,并返回验证码值 * @param w * @param h * @param os * @param verifySize * @return * @throws IOException */ public static String outputVerifyImage(int w, int h, OutputStream os, int verifySize) throws IOException{
  49.       String verifyCode = generateVerifyCode(verifySize);
  50.       outputImage(w, h, os, verifyCode);
  51.       return verifyCode;
  52.    }
  54.    /** * 生成指定验证码图像文件 * @param w * @param h * @param outputFile * @param code * @throws IOException */ public static void outputImage(int w, int h, File outputFile, String code) throws IOException{
  55.       if(outputFile == null){
  56.          return;
  57.       }
  58.       File dir = outputFile.getParentFile();
  59.       if(!dir.exists()){
  60.          dir.mkdirs();
  61.       }
  62.       try{
  63.          outputFile.createNewFile();
  64.          FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(outputFile);
  65.          outputImage(w, h, fos, code);
  66.          fos.close();
  67.       } catch(IOException e){
  68.          throw e;
  69.       }
  70.    }
  72.    /** * 输出指定验证码图片流 * @param w * @param h * @param os * @param code * @throws IOException */ public static void outputImage(int w, int h, OutputStream os, String code) throws IOException{
  73.       int verifySize = code.length();
  74.       BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(w, h, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
  75.       Random rand = new Random();
  76.       Graphics2D g2 = image.createGraphics();
  77.       g2.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING,RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
  78.       Color[] colors = new Color[5];
  79.       Color[] colorSpaces = new Color[] { Color.WHITE, Color.CYAN,
  80.             Color.GRAY, Color.LIGHT_GRAY, Color.MAGENTA, Color.ORANGE,
  81.             Color.PINK, Color.YELLOW };
  82.       float[] fractions = new float[colors.length];
  83.       for(int i = 0; i < colors.length; i++){
  84.          colors[i] = colorSpaces[rand.nextInt(colorSpaces.length)];
  85.          fractions[i] = rand.nextFloat();
  86.       }
  87.       Arrays.sort(fractions);
  89.       g2.setColor(Color.GRAY);// 设置边框色
  90.       g2.fillRect(0, 0, w, h);
  92.       Color c = getRandColor(200, 250);
  93.       g2.setColor(c);// 设置背景色
  94.       g2.fillRect(0, 2, w, h-4);
  96.       //绘制干扰线
  97.       Random random = new Random();
  98.       g2.setColor(getRandColor(160, 200));// 设置线条的颜色
  99.       for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
  100.          int x = random.nextInt(w - 1);
  101.          int y = random.nextInt(h - 1);
  102.          int xl = random.nextInt(6) + 1;
  103.          int yl = random.nextInt(12) + 1;
  104.          g2.drawLine(x, y, x + xl + 40, y + yl + 20);
  105.       }
  107.       // 添加噪点
  108.       float yawpRate = 0.05f;// 噪声率
  109.       int area = (int) (yawpRate * w * h);
  110.       for (int i = 0; i < area; i++) {
  111.          int x = random.nextInt(w);
  112.          int y = random.nextInt(h);
  113.          int rgb = getRandomIntColor();
  114.          image.setRGB(x, y, rgb);
  115.       }
  117.       shear(g2, w, h, c);// 使图片扭曲
  119.       g2.setColor(getRandColor(100, 160));
  120.       int fontSize = h-4;
  121.       Font font = new Font("Algerian", Font.ITALIC, fontSize);
  122.       g2.setFont(font);
  123.       char[] chars = code.toCharArray();
  124.       for(int i = 0; i < verifySize; i++){
  125.          AffineTransform affine = new AffineTransform();
  126.          affine.setToRotation(Math.PI / 4 * rand.nextDouble() * (rand.nextBoolean() ? 1 : -1), (w / verifySize) * i + fontSize/2, h/2);
  127.          g2.setTransform(affine);
  128.          g2.drawChars(chars, i, 1, ((w-10) / verifySize) * i + 5, h/2 + fontSize/2 - 10);
  129.       }
  131.       g2.dispose();
  132.       ImageIO.write(image, "jpg", os);
  133.       //注意看以下几句的使用
  134.       os.flush();
  135.       os.close();
  136.       os=null;
  137.    }
  139.    private static Color getRandColor(int fc, int bc) {
  140.       if (fc > 255)
  141.          fc = 255;
  142.       if (bc > 255)
  143.          bc = 255;
  144.       int r = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
  145.       int g = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
  146.       int b = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
  147.       return new Color(r, g, b);
  148.    }
  150.    private static int getRandomIntColor() {
  151.       int[] rgb = getRandomRgb();
  152.       int color = 0;
  153.       for (int c : rgb) {
  154.          color = color << 8;
  155.          color = color | c;
  156.       }
  157.       return color;
  158.    }
  160.    private static int[] getRandomRgb() {
  161.       int[] rgb = new int[3];
  162.       for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
  163.          rgb[i] = random.nextInt(255);
  164.       }
  165.       return rgb;
  166.    }
  168.    private static void shear(Graphics g, int w1, int h1, Color color) {
  169.       shearX(g, w1, h1, color);
  170.       shearY(g, w1, h1, color);
  171.    }
  173.    private static void shearX(Graphics g, int w1, int h1, Color color) {
  175.       int period = random.nextInt(2);
  177.       boolean borderGap = true;
  178.       int frames = 1;
  179.       int phase = random.nextInt(2);
  181.       for (int i = 0; i < h1; i++) {
  182.          double d = (double) (period >> 1)
  183.                * Math.sin((double) i / (double) period
  184.                + (6.2831853071795862D * (double) phase)
  185.                / (double) frames);
  186.          g.copyArea(0, i, w1, 1, (int) d, 0);
  187.          if (borderGap) {
  188.             g.setColor(color);
  189.             g.drawLine((int) d, i, 0, i);
  190.             g.drawLine((int) d + w1, i, w1, i);
  191.          }
  192.       }
  194.    }
  196.    private static void shearY(Graphics g, int w1, int h1, Color color) {
  198.       int period = random.nextInt(40) + 10; // 50;
  200.       boolean borderGap = true;
  201.       int frames = 20;
  202.       int phase = 7;
  203.       for (int i = 0; i < w1; i++) {
  204.          double d = (double) (period >> 1)
  205.                * Math.sin((double) i / (double) period
  206.                + (6.2831853071795862D * (double) phase)
  207.                / (double) frames);
  208.          g.copyArea(i, 0, 1, h1, 0, (int) d);
  209.          if (borderGap) {
  210.             g.setColor(color);
  211.             g.drawLine(i, (int) d, i, 0);
  212.             g.drawLine(i, (int) d + h1, i, h1);
  213.          }
  215.       }
  217.    }

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