ButterKnife简单使用和注意事项

╰半橙微兮° 2022-06-13 02:06 306阅读 0赞

1、ButterKnife使用

【

网上最新的依赖是8…的，如果添加不了依赖就添加如下版本较低的6…..。

添加对应的工具\+compile'com.jakewharton:butterknife:6.1.0'‘

compile 'com.jakewharton:butterknife:8.1.0'

在Android Studio中添加：ButterKnifeZelezny插件。

初始化：ButterKnife.*inject*(this);

1、下载插件：

![Center][]

2、添加依赖

以一个简单的项目作为实例：

dependencies \{  
compile fileTree( dir: 'libs', include: \[ '\*.jar'\])  
androidTestCompile( 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:2.2.2', \{  
exclude group: 'com.android.support', module: 'support-annotations'  
  \})  
compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:'\+ gradle.ext.compileSupportversion  
testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'  
   
 // compile 'com.jakewharton:butterknife:8.1.0'  
   
  compile 'com.jakewharton:butterknife:8.4.0'  
  annotationProcessor 'com.jakewharton:butterknife-compiler:8.4.0'  
   
\}

简单布局：

<? xml version= "1.0"  encoding= "utf-8" ?>  
 <RelativeLayout  
  xmlns: android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"  
  xmlns: tools = "http://schemas.android.com/tools"  
  android :id= "@+id/activity\_main"  
  android :layout\_width= "match\_parent"  
  android :layout\_height= "match\_parent"  
  android :paddingBottom= "@dimen/activity\_vertical\_margin"  
  android :paddingLeft= "@dimen/activity\_horizontal\_margin"  
  android :paddingRight= "@dimen/activity\_horizontal\_margin"  
  android :paddingTop= "@dimen/activity\_vertical\_margin"  
  tools :context= "com.xys.butterknifetest.MainActivity" >  
   
  <TextView  
  android :id= "@+id/tv\_show"  
  android :layout\_width= "wrap\_content"  
  android :layout\_height= "wrap\_content"  
  android :layout\_centerHorizontal= "true"  
  android :text= "Hello World!" />  
   
  <ImageView  
  android :id= "@+id/img\_show"  
  android :layout\_width= "wrap\_content"  
  android :layout\_height= "wrap\_content"  
  android :layout\_centerHorizontal= "true"  
  android :layout\_below= "@+id/tv\_show"  
  android :layout\_marginTop= "20dp"  
  android :background= "@mipmap/ic\_launcher" />  
   
  <Button  
  android :id= "@+id/btn1"  
  android :layout\_width= "wrap\_content"  
  android :layout\_height= "wrap\_content"  
  android :layout\_below= "@+id/img\_show"  
  android :layout\_centerHorizontal= "true"  
  android :layout\_marginTop= "20dp"  
  android :text= " 事件 1" />  
   
  <Button  
  android :id= "@+id/btn2"  
  android :layout\_width= "wrap\_content"  
  android :layout\_height= "wrap\_content"  
  android :layout\_below= "@+id/btn1"  
  android :layout\_centerHorizontal= "true"  
  android :layout\_marginTop= "20dp"  
  android :text= " 事件 2" />  
   
   
  <Button  
  android :id= "@+id/btn3"  
  android :layout\_width= "wrap\_content"  
  android :layout\_height= "wrap\_content"  
  android :layout\_below= "@+id/btn2"  
  android :layout\_centerHorizontal= "true"  
  android :layout\_marginTop= "20dp"  
  android :text= " 事件 3" />  
   
   
   
   
 </RelativeLayout>

![Center 1][]

3、实例代码和操作演示：

首先完成初始化操作：

ButterKnife. *bind*( this) ;

\-------》快速生成应用资源代码：

setContentView(R.layout. *activity\_main*) ;

光标选中布局文件，右击：

![Center 2][]

下一步：

![Center 3][]

快速可视化界面如下：

![Center 4][]

功能性实例代码：

import  butterknife.BindView ;  
 import butterknife.ButterKnife ;  
 import  butterknife.OnClick ;  
   
   
 public class MainActivity extends Activity \{  
  
  
@BindView(R.id. *tv\_show*)  
TextView mTvShow ;  
  @BindView(R.id. *img\_show*)  
ImageView mImgShow ;  
  @BindView(R.id. *btn1*)  
Button mBtn1 ;  
  @BindView(R.id. *btn2*)  
Button mBtn2 ;  
  @BindView(R.id. *btn3*)  
Button mBtn3 ;  
  @BindView(R.id. *activity\_main*)  
RelativeLayout mActivityMain ;  
   
  @Override  
  protected void  onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) \{  
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState) ;  
  setContentView(R.layout. *activity\_main*) ;  
  ButterKnife. *bind*( this) ;  
  \}  
  
  
@Override  
  protected void  onDestroy() \{  
super.onDestroy() ;  
   
  \}  
  
@OnClick(R.id. *btn1*)  
public void  onMBtn1Clicked() \{  
mTvShow.setText( " 事件 1 触发 ") ;  
  Toast. *makeText*( this,  " 事件 1 触发 " , Toast. *LENGTH\_SHORT*).show() ;  
  \}  
  
@OnClick(R.id. *btn2*)  
public void  onMBtn2Clicked() \{  
mTvShow.setText( " 事件 2 触发 ") ;  
  Toast. *makeText*( this,  " 事件 2 触发 " , Toast. *LENGTH\_SHORT*).show() ;  
  \}  
  
@OnClick(R.id. *btn3*)  
public void  onMBtn3Clicked() \{  
mTvShow.setText( " 事件 3 触发 ") ;  
  Toast. *makeText*( this,  " 事件 3 触发 " , Toast. *LENGTH\_SHORT*).show() ;  
  \}  
\}

4、理论说明

===关于ButterKnife服务注册：

在Activity上使用 ButterKnife.bind(this)

在非Activity上使用ButterKnife.bind(this,view)

===绑定View控件：

/\*\*单个View控件的绑定\*/

@BindView(R.id.btn\_login)

/\*\*多个控件的绑定可以写在List或者Array中\*/

@BindViews(\{ R.id.first\_name, R.id.middle\_name, R.id.last\_name \})

List<EditText> nameViews;

===资源绑定

@BindString(R.string.title) String title;

@BindDrawable(R.drawable.graphic) Drawable graphic;

@BindColor(R.color.red) int red; // int or ColorStateList field

@BindDimen(R.dimen.spacer) Float spacer; // int (for pixel size) or float (for exact value) field

===监听器绑定

@OnClick(R.id. *btn3*)  
public void  onMBtn3Clicked() \{  
mTvShow.setText( " 事件 3 触发 ") ;  
  Toast. *makeText*( this,  " 事件 3 触发 " , Toast. *LENGTH\_SHORT*).show() ;  
\}

\--多个控件可以绑定同一个监听器

@OnClick(R.id. *btn3,R.id.btn5*)  
public void  onMBtn3Clicked() \{  
mTvShow.setText( " 事件 3 触发 ") ;  
  Toast. *makeText*( this,  " 事件 3 触发 " , Toast. *LENGTH\_SHORT*).show() ;  
\}

===Fragment重置Binding

Fragment的生命周期不同于Activity,当Butterknife在onCreateView上进行绑定时，需要再onDestroyView上进行解绑,Butterknife.bind()方法提供了一个Unbinder 返回值，在onDestroyView上调用相关的unbinder方法即可:

`public class FancyFragment extends Fragment { @BindView(R.id.button1) Button button1; @BindView(R.id.button2) Button button2; private Unbinder unbinder; @Override public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) { View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fancy_fragment, container,false); unbinder = ButterKnife.bind(this, view); // TODO Use fields... return view; } @Override public void onDestroyView() { super.onDestroyView(); unbinder.unbind(); }}`

对应项目在Github上的地址： [https://github.com/xuyangsheng/AndroidFrameworkClassify][https_github.com_xuyangsheng_AndroidFrameworkClassify]

】

[Center]: /images/20220613/c8cf51948e1242ddb8d4c1edab967fab.png
[Center 1]: /images/20220613/1ebca9d86fdf421094acf502e1bc2e37.png
[Center 2]: /images/20220613/7d70fddd5cb840db985c239fde6c3835.png
[Center 3]: /images/20220613/60b06096c4504a288e5d4bf676b253c5.png
[Center 4]: /images/20220613/da29a380a2f44512b70f35bbe9943a36.png
[https_github.com_xuyangsheng_AndroidFrameworkClassify]: https://github.com/xuyangsheng/AndroidFrameworkClassify