RAC重建OCR/Voting disk遇到的一些故障

今天药忘吃喽~ 2022-07-12 08:33 358阅读 0赞

author：skate

time：2010-05-09

--------------------

我的测试环境：

母系统：win2003  
虚拟软件：vmware3.2.1  
guest系统：centos4.7  
oracle db：oracle10.2.1

以下是我在重建rac的ocr/voting disk过程中遇到的错误及解决方法，记录一下。

**rac故障现象总结：**

**0. 检查crs的状态**

直接查看进程”ps -ef |grep d.bin“

\[root@rac1 oracle\]\# ps -ef |grep d.bin  
root     15716  6979  0 11:04 pts/0    00:00:00 grep d.bin  
root     28240     1  1 09:29 ?        00:01:00 /u01/crs/oracle/product/10.2.0/crs/bin/crsd.bin reboot  
oracle   29059 28223  0 09:32 ?        00:00:11 /u01/crs/oracle/product/10.2.0/crs/bin/evmd.bin  
oracle   29209 29181  0 09:32 ?        00:00:44 /u01/crs/oracle/product/10.2.0/crs/bin/ocssd.bin

** 看见以上的进程，就代表crs已经正常启动了**

用命令查看"crsctl check crs"

\[oracle@rac2 ~\]$ crsctl check crs  
CSS appears healthy  
CRS appears healthy  
EVM appears healthy

看见以上输出，crs已经正常启动。

像如下的情况，就代表crs没有成功启动。

\# ps -ef | grep css

root      6929     1  0 19:56 ?        00:00:00 /bin/sh /etc/init.d/init.cssd fatal  
root      6960  6928  0 19:56 ?        00:00:00 /bin/sh /etc/init.d/init.cssd startcheck  
root      6963  6929  0 19:56 ?        00:00:00 /bin/sh /etc/init.d/init.cssd startcheck  
root      7064  6935  0 19:56 ?        00:00:00 /bin/sh /etc/init.d/init.cssd startcheck

可以查看crs的相关日志：crsd.log，ocssd.log，evmd.log

**1. crs的故障：**

1.1 报错：Insufficient user privileges.

现象：  
\[oracle@green ~\]$ crsctl stop crs  
Insufficient user privileges.

解决：  
由于root环境变量没有设置$oracle\_home和crs的环境变量，所以root下提示没有这个命令

\[root@rac2 ~\]\# crsctl check crs  
\-bash: crsctl: command not found

\[root@rac2 ~\]\# su - oracle

\[oracle@rac2 ~\]$ crsctl check crs  
CSS appears healthy  
CRS appears healthy  
EVM appears healthy

\[oracle@rac2 ~\]$ crsctl stop crs  
Insufficient user privileges.

\[oracle@rac2 ~\]$ su  
Password:  
\[root@rac2 oracle\]\# crsctl stop crs  
Stopping resources.  
Successfully stopped CRS resources.  
Stopping CSSD.  
Shutting down CSS daemon.  
Shutdown request successfully issued.  
\[root@rac2 oracle\]\#

1.2 报错：

Failure 1 contacting CSS daemon  
Cannot communicate with CRS  
Cannot communicate with EVM

现象：  
\[root@rac2 oracle\]\# crsctl check crs  
Failure 1 contacting CSS daemon  
Cannot communicate with CRS  
Cannot communicate with EVM

查看下crs的进程启动情况： ps -ef |grep d.bin

当crs启动后（crsctl start crs），要稍等一会才能起来，如果很快就核查，就会报上面这个错误。  
还有一种情况也会产生这个错误，那就是节点间时间不同步，我这次遇到的这个问题就是因为节点  
间时间不同步，我用了简单的rdate保证两个节点间的同步，当然还有其他的方法，如ntpdate或建立  
时间服务器。

也可以直接用如下文件管理：  
 /etc/rc.d/init.d/init.crs  
 /etc/rc.d/init.d/init.crsd  
 /etc/rc.d/init.d/init.cssd  
 /etc/rc.d/init.d/init.evmd

参考：[http://www.dbspecialists.com/files/presentations/rac\_quick\_reference.html][http_www.dbspecialists.com_files_presentations_rac_quick_reference.html]

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rac2上的asm无法启动，报如下的错误：

\[oracle@rac1 ~\]$ srvctl start asm -n rac2  
PRKS-1009 : Failed to start ASM instance "+ASM2" on node "rac2", \[PRKS-1009 : Failed to start ASM instance "+ASM2" on node "rac2", \[CRS-0215: Could not start resource 'ora.rac2.ASM2.asm'.\]\]  
  \[PRKS-1009 : Failed to start ASM instance "+ASM2" on node "rac2", \[CRS-0215: Could not start resource 'ora.rac2.ASM2.asm'.\]\]

然后用crs\_start单独启动，看报什么错，结果又报了一大堆错误：

\[oracle@rac2 ~\]$ srvctl start asm -n rac2  
PRKS-1009 : Failed to start ASM instance "+ASM2" on node "rac2", \[PRKS-1009 : Failed to start ASM instance "+ASM2" on node "rac2", \[rac2:ora.rac2.ASM2.asm:  
rac2:ora.rac2.ASM2.asm:SQL\*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu May 6 15:25:59 2010  
rac2:ora.rac2.ASM2.asm:  
rac2:ora.rac2.ASM2.asm:Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.  
rac2:ora.rac2.ASM2.asm:  
rac2:ora.rac2.ASM2.asm:Enter user-name: Connected to an idle instance.  
rac2:ora.rac2.ASM2.asm:  
rac2:ora.rac2.ASM2.asm:SQL> ORA-27504: IPC error creating OSD context  
rac2:ora.rac2.ASM2.asm:ORA-27300: OS system dependent operation:if\_not\_found failed with status: 0  
rac2:ora.rac2.ASM2.asm:ORA-27301: OS failure message: Error 0  
rac2:ora.rac2.ASM2.asm:ORA-27302: failure occurred at: skgxpvaddr9  
rac2:ora.rac2.ASM2.asm:ORA-27303: additional information: requested interface 192.0.22.0 not found. Check output from ifconfig command  
rac2:ora.rac2.ASM2.asm:SQL> Disconnected  
rac2:ora.rac2.ASM2.asm:  
CRS-0215: Could not start resource 'ora.rac2.ASM2.asm'.\]\]  
  \[PRKS-1009 : Failed to start ASM instance "+ASM2" on node "rac2", \[rac2:ora.rac2.ASM2.asm:  
rac2:ora.rac2.ASM2.asm:SQL\*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu May 6 15:25:59 2010  
rac2:ora.rac2.ASM2.asm:  
rac2:ora.rac2.ASM2.asm:Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.  
rac2:ora.rac2.ASM2.asm:  
rac2:ora.rac2.ASM2.asm:Enter user-name: Connected to an idle instance.  
rac2:ora.rac2.ASM2.asm:  
rac2:ora.rac2.ASM2.asm:SQL> ORA-27504: IPC error creating OSD context  
rac2:ora.rac2.ASM2.asm:ORA-27300: OS system dependent operation:if\_not\_found failed with status: 0  
rac2:ora.rac2.ASM2.asm:ORA-27301: OS failure message: Error 0  
rac2:ora.rac2.ASM2.asm:ORA-27302: failure occurred at: skgxpvaddr9  
rac2:ora.rac2.ASM2.asm:ORA-27303: additional information: requested interface 192.0.22.0 not found. Check output from ifconfig command  
rac2:ora.rac2.ASM2.asm:SQL> Disconnected  
rac2:ora.rac2.ASM2.asm:  
CRS-0215: Could not start resource 'ora.rac2.ASM2.asm'.\]\]

一般错误“ORA-27504: IPC error creating OSD context”是因为节点间的通信的有问题

首先查看/etc/hosts文件

正确的格式应该如下：

\[oracle@rac1 ~\]$ more /etc/hosts  
\# Do not remove the following line, or various programs  
\# that require network functionality will fail.  
127.0.0.1      localhost.localdomain localhost

\#skate add

\# Public  
192.168.2.31   rac1.localdomain        rac1  
192.168.2.22   rac2.localdomain        rac2  
\#Private  
192.168.0.31   rac1-priv.localdomain   rac1-priv  
192.168.0.22   rac2-priv.localdomain   rac2-priv  
\#Virtual  
192.168.2.131   rac1-vip.localdomain    rac1-vip  
192.168.2.122   rac2-vip.localdomain    rac2-vip  
\[oracle@rac1 ~\]$

我的这个文件没有问题，在群里讨论，我和大家都比较关注下面的错误：  
ORA-27303: additional information: requested interface 192.0.22.0 not found. Check output from ifconfig command

但是什么引起这个错误的呢？

先怀疑网卡设置，可能是ip设置有问题，或者MUT有问题。不过经过检查我的网卡设置都是正常的

rac1节点网络：

\[root@rac1 tmp\]\# ip a  
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue  
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00  
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 brd 127.255.255.255 scope host lo  
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host  
       valid\_lft forever preferred\_lft forever  
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo\_fast qlen 1000  
    link/ether 00:0c:29:2a:81:d3 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff  
    inet 192.168.2.31/24 brd 192.168.2.255 scope global eth0  
    inet 192.168.2.131/24 brd 192.168.2.255 scope global secondary eth0:1  
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe2a:81d3/64 scope link  
       valid\_lft forever preferred\_lft forever  
3: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo\_fast qlen 1000  
    link/ether 00:0c:29:2a:81:dd brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff  
    inet 192.168.0.31/24 brd 192.168.0.255 scope global eth1  
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe2a:81dd/64 scope link  
       valid\_lft forever preferred\_lft forever  
4: sit0: <NOARP> mtu 1480 qdisc noop  
    link/sit 0.0.0.0 brd 0.0.0.0

rac2节点网络：

\[root@rac2 ~\]\# ip a  
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue  
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00  
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 brd 127.255.255.255 scope host lo  
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host  
       valid\_lft forever preferred\_lft forever  
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo\_fast qlen 1000  
    link/ether 00:0c:29:81:22:38 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff  
    inet 192.168.2.22/24 brd 192.168.2.255 scope global eth0  
    inet 192.168.2.122/24 brd 192.168.2.255 scope global secondary eth0:1  
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe81:2238/64 scope link  
       valid\_lft forever preferred\_lft forever  
3: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo\_fast qlen 1000  
    link/ether 00:0c:29:81:22:42 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff  
    inet 192.168.0.22/24 brd 192.168.0.255 scope global eth1  
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe81:2242/64 scope link  
       valid\_lft forever preferred\_lft forever  
4: sit0: <NOARP> mtu 1480 qdisc noop  
    link/sit 0.0.0.0 brd 0.0.0.0

我又google了半天，找到一个帖子，说是尝试如下修改，可以解决

1、关闭 Oracle 实例－instance。  
2、cd $ORACLE\_HOME/rdbms/lib  
3、make -f ins\_rdbms.mk rac\_off  
4、make -f ins\_rdbms.mk ioracle

我按其操作后，没起作用，反而出来如下的错误：

\[oracle@rac2 lib\]$ srvctl start asm -n rac2  
PRKS-1009 : Failed to start ASM instance "+ASM2" on node "rac2", \[PRKS-1009 : Failed to start ASM instance "+ASM2" on node "rac2", \[rac2:ora.rac2.ASM2.asm:  
rac2:ora.rac2.ASM2.asm:SQL\*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu May 6 16:34:23 2010  
rac2:ora.rac2.ASM2.asm:  
rac2:ora.rac2.ASM2.asm:Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.  
rac2:ora.rac2.ASM2.asm:  
rac2:ora.rac2.ASM2.asm:Enter user-name: Connected to an idle instance.  
rac2:ora.rac2.ASM2.asm:  
rac2:ora.rac2.ASM2.asm:SQL> ORA-00439: feature not enabled: Real Application Clusters  
rac2:ora.rac2.ASM2.asm:SQL> Disconnected  
rac2:ora.rac2.ASM2.asm:  
CRS-0215: Could not start resource 'ora.rac2.ASM2.asm'.\]\]  
  \[PRKS-1009 : Failed to start ASM instance "+ASM2" on node "rac2", \[rac2:ora.rac2.ASM2.asm:  
rac2:ora.rac2.ASM2.asm:SQL\*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu May 6 16:34:23 2010  
rac2:ora.rac2.ASM2.asm:  
rac2:ora.rac2.ASM2.asm:Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.  
rac2:ora.rac2.ASM2.asm:  
rac2:ora.rac2.ASM2.asm:Enter user-name: Connected to an idle instance.  
rac2:ora.rac2.ASM2.asm:  
rac2:ora.rac2.ASM2.asm:SQL> ORA-00439: feature not enabled: Real Application Clusters  
rac2:ora.rac2.ASM2.asm:SQL> Disconnected  
rac2:ora.rac2.ASM2.asm:  
CRS-0215: Could not start resource 'ora.rac2.ASM2.asm'.\]\]

从错误码“ORA-00439: feature not enabled: Real Application Clusters”可以看出已经禁用了集群功能，于是我有反向执行

1、关闭 Oracle 实例－instance。（这步我没操作，因为我的实例就没起来，呵呵）  
2、cd $ORACLE\_HOME/rdbms/lib  
3、make -f ins\_rdbms.mk rac\_on  
4、make -f ins\_rdbms.mk ioracle

执行后，又恢复到以前的额错误了，查看相应的alertlog都没有错误，不过在asm2的alertlog中最后两行有错误

\[root@rac2 ~\]\# tail -50 /u01/app/oracle/admin/+ASM/bdump/alert\_+ASM2.log |more  
USER: terminating instance due to error 27504  
Instance terminated by USER, pid = 27244  
Fri May  7 03:26:47 2010  
Starting ORACLE instance (normal)  
LICENSE\_MAX\_SESSION = 0  
LICENSE\_SESSIONS\_WARNING = 0  
Picked latch-free SCN scheme 2  
Using LOG\_ARCHIVE\_DEST\_1 parameter default value as /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2  
.0 \_1 s/arch  
Autotune of undo retention is turned off.  
LICENSE\_MAX\_USERS = 0  
SYS auditing is disabled  
ksdpec: called for event 13740 prior to event group initialization  
Starting up ORACLE RDBMS Version: 10.2.0.1.0.  
System parameters with non-default values:  
  large\_pool\_size          = 12582912  
  instance\_type            = asm  
  cluster\_interconnects    = 192,168.0.22  
  cluster\_database         = TRUE  
  instance\_number          = 2  
  remote\_login\_passwordfile= EXCLUSIVE  
  background\_dump\_dest     = /u01/app/oracle/admin/+ASM/bdump  
  user\_dump\_dest           = /u01/app/oracle/admin/+ASM/udump  
  core\_dump\_dest           = /u01/app/oracle/admin/+ASM ump  
  asm\_diskgroups           = DATA  
USER: terminating instance due to error 27504  
Instance terminated by USER, pid = 29732  
Fri May  7 03:28:40 2010  
Starting ORACLE instance (normal)  
LICENSE\_MAX\_SESSION = 0  
LICENSE\_SESSIONS\_WARNING = 0  
Picked latch-free SCN scheme 2  
Using LOG\_ARCHIVE\_DEST\_1 parameter default value as /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2  
.0 \_1 s/arch  
Autotune of undo retention is turned off.  
LICENSE\_MAX\_USERS = 0  
SYS auditing is disabled  
ksdpec: called for event 13740 prior to event group initialization  
Starting up ORACLE RDBMS Version: 10.2.0.1.0.  
System parameters with non-default values:  
  large\_pool\_size          = 12582912  
  instance\_type            = asm  
  cluster\_interconnects    = 192,168.0.22  
  cluster\_database         = TRUE  
  instance\_number          = 2  
  remote\_login\_passwordfile= EXCLUSIVE  
  background\_dump\_dest     = /u01/app/oracle/admin/+ASM/bdump  
  user\_dump\_dest           = /u01/app/oracle/admin/+ASM/udump  
  core\_dump\_dest           = /u01/app/oracle/admin/+ASM ump  
  asm\_diskgroups           = DATA  
USER: terminating instance due to error 27504  
Instance terminated by USER, pid = 31201

这个信息也不能定位错误在哪，在这过程中，我用sqlplus在rac1中可以成功启动数据库。最后一个群里的朋友说看看  
asm2的参数文件内容

我经过检查发现我把**+ASM2.cluster\_interconnects='192.168.0.22' 写成+ASM2.cluster\_interconnects='192,168.0.22'**

把逗点写成了逗号，马上改正过了，然后在启动asm2实例，就可以启动了。

现在在回头想，报错：ORA-27303: additional information: requested interface 192.0.22.0 not found. Check output from ifconfig command  
就可以理解了，因为节点间通信有问题，才会报这个错误.

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启动数据库报错

\[oracle@rac2 ~\]$ srvctl start database -d rac  
PRKP-1001 : Error starting instance rac1 on node rac1  
CRS-0215: Could not start resource 'ora.rac.rac1.inst'.  
PRKP-1001 : Error starting instance rac2 on node rac2  
CRS-0215: Could not start resource 'ora.rac.rac2.inst'.

虽然用srvctl无法启动数据库，但是可以用sqlplus分别在两个节点正常启动数据库

抱这个错误，网上有说按如下方法可以解决：

as root:  
crsctl stop crs  
rm -f /var/tmp/.oracle/\*  
crsctl start crs

等一会，crs正常启动后，就可以正常启动数据库了

但对我的环境，问题依旧。这是我突然想到**数据库名和实例名的大小写**的问题，

我刚才注册到ocr里的都是小写的，怀疑可能是这个原因。于是删除原来小写的  
，从新注册大写的

这是原来注册的小写的：

\[oracle@rac2 ~\]$ srvctl add database -d rac -o /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db\_1  
\[oracle@rac2 ~\]$ srvctl add instance -d rac -i rac1 -n rac1  
\[oracle@rac2 ~\]$ srvctl add instance -d rac -i rac2 -n rac2  
\[oracle@rac2 ~\]$ srvctl modify instance -d rac -i rac1 -s +ASM1  
\[oracle@rac2 ~\]$ srvctl modify instance -d rac -i rac2 -s +ASM2

把小写的删除

\[oracle@rac2 ~\]$ srvctl remove instance -d rac -i rac1  
Remove instance rac1 from the database rac? (y/\[n\]) y  
\[oracle@rac2 ~\]$ srvctl remove instance -d rac -i rac2  
Remove instance rac2 from the database rac? (y/\[n\]) y  
\[oracle@rac2 ~\]$ srvctl remove database -d rac  
Remove the database rac? (y/\[n\]) y  
\[oracle@rac2 ~\]$

把database和instance注册成大写的

\[oracle@rac2 ~\]$ srvctl add database -d RAC -o $ORACLE\_HOME  
\[oracle@rac2 ~\]$ srvctl add instance -d RAC -i RAC1 -n rac1  
\[oracle@rac2 ~\]$ srvctl add instance -d RAC -i RAC2 -n rac2  
\[oracle@rac2 ~\]$ srvctl modify  instance -d RAC -i RAC1 -s +ASM1  
\[oracle@rac2 ~\]$ srvctl modify  instance -d RAC -i RAC2 -s +ASM2

然后在启动数据库，居然启动了啊。

\[oracle@rac2 ~\]$ srvctl start database -d rac

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在ocr中删除instance和database的报错：

\[oracle@rac2 ~\]$ srvctl remove instance -d rac -i rac1  
Remove instance rac1 from the database rac? (y/\[n\]) y  
PRKP-1023 : The instance \{0\} is still running.rac  
\[oracle@rac2 ~\]$ srvctl remove instance -d rac -i rac1  
Remove instance rac1 from the database rac? (y/\[n\]) y  
PRKP-1023 : The instance \{0\} is still running.rac  
\[oracle@rac2 ~\]$ srvctl remove instance -d rac  
PRKO-2001 : Invalid command line syntax  
\[oracle@rac2 ~\]$ srvctl remove database -d rac  
Remove the database rac? (y/\[n\]) y  
PRKP-1022 : The database rac is still running.

解决方式：用crs\_stop -all停掉所有的服务，然后用crs\_stat -t -v 检查各服务的状态  
如果有服务的state是UNKNO的，那就只能一个一个的停掉了。

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onsctl启动的问题:

\[oracle@rac1 ~\]$ onsctl ping  
Number of onsconfiguration retrieved, numcfg = 0  
ons is not running ...

解决：  
\[oracle@rac1 ~\]$ onsctl start  
Number of onsconfiguration retrieved, numcfg = 0  
Number of onsconfiguration retrieved, numcfg = 0  
onsctl: ons started

\[oracle@rac1 ~\]$ onsctl ping  
Number of onsconfiguration retrieved, numcfg = 0  
ons is running ...

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错误现象oifcfg getif 没有返回值

\[root@rac2 public\]\# /u01/crs/oracle/product/10.2.0/crs/bin/oifcfg iflist  
eth0  192.168.2.0  
eth1  192.168.0.0  
\[root@rac2 public\]\# /u01/crs/oracle/product/10.2.0/crs/bin/oifcfg getif  
\[root@rac2 public\]\# /u01/crs/oracle/product/10.2.0/crs/bin/oifcfg getif -global  
\[root@rac2 public\]\# /u01/crs/oracle/product/10.2.0/crs/bin/oifcfg getif -global rac1  
\[root@rac2 public\]\# /u01/crs/oracle/product/10.2.0/crs/bin/oifcfg getif -global rac2

**手工把网络信息注册到ocr中**

\[oracle@rac2 public\]\# oifcfg setif -global eth0/192.168.2.0:public  
\[oracle@rac2 public\]\# oifcfg setif -global eth1/192.168.0.0:cluster\_interconnect

然后就可以查了啊

\[oracle@rac1 ~\]$ oifcfg getif  
eth0  192.168.2.0  global  public  
eth1  192.168.0.0  global  cluster\_interconnect

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以上的错误是我在重建ocr/voting disk所遇到的一些错误。

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