cocoaPods安装详解

╰+哭是因爲堅強的太久メ 2022-07-13 12:08 256阅读 0赞

费了两天晚上的功夫安装上了,一边玩守望先锋 ,一边看CocoaPods下载的进度.300多兆的文件,下载了3个多小时,既然咱不是特别聪明,咱就多努力,多一点坚持慢慢来吧.整个安装过程中终端的内容如下(可以略过,对我有点用):

Last login: Sat Jul 23 23:07:37 on ttys001
    bogon:~ liyilin$ gem source -l
    *** CURRENT SOURCES ***
    https://ruby.taobao.org/
    bogon:~ liyilin$ sudo gem install cocoapods
    Password:
    ERROR:  While executing gem ... (Errno::EPERM)
        Operation not permitted - /usr/bin/pod
    bogon:~ liyilin$ sudo gem update --system
    Updating rubygems-update
    ERROR:  While executing gem ... (Errno::EPERM)
        Operation not permitted - /usr/bin/update_rubygems
    bogon:~ liyilin$ sudo gem update-n/usr/local/bin --system
    ERROR:  While executing gem ... (Gem::CommandLineError)
        Unknown command update-n/usr/local/bin
    bogon:~ liyilin$ sudo gem update-n /usr/local/bin —system
    ERROR:  While executing gem ... (Gem::CommandLineError)
        Unknown command update-n
    bogon:~ liyilin$ sudo gem update -n /usr/local/bin —system
    Updating installed gems
    Nothing to update
    bogon:~ liyilin$ sudo gem install -n /usr/local/bin cocoapods
    Successfully installed cocoapods-1.0.1
    Parsing documentation for cocoapods-1.0.1
    1 gem installed
    bogon:~ liyilin$ pod install
    [!] No 'Podfile' found in the project directory
    bogon:~ liyilin$ pod search AFNetworking
    Setting up CocoaPods master repo
      Setup completed
    [!] Unable to find a pod with name, author, summary, or description matchingAFNetworkingbogon:~ liyilin$   rm ~/Library/Caches/CocoaPods/search_index.json
    bogon:~ liyilin$ pod search AFNetworking
    Creating search index for spec repo 'master'.. Done!
       - Homepage: https://github.com/steipete/AFDownloadRequestOperation
       - Source:   https://github.com/steipete/AFDownloadRequestOperation.git
       - Versions: 2.0.1, 2.0.0, 1.1.0, 1.0.0, 0.0.2, 0.0.1 [master repo]
    -> AFgzipRequestSerializer (0.0.2)
       gzip Request Serializer for AFNetworking
       pod 'AFgzipRequestSerializer', '~> 0.0.2'
       - Homepage: https://github.com/AFNetworking/AFgzipRequestSerializer
       - Source:   https://github.com/AFNetworking/AFgzipRequestSerializer.git
       - Versions: 0.0.2, 0.0.1 [master repo]
    -> AFHARchiver (0.2.2)
       An AFNetworking extension to automatically generate a HTTP Archive file of
       all of your network requests.
       pod 'AFHARchiver', '~> 0.2.2'
       - Homepage: https://github.com/mutualmobile/AFHARchiver
       - Source:   https://github.com/mutualmobile/AFHARchiver.git
       - Versions: 0.2.2, 0.2.1, 0.2.0, 0.1.0, 0.0.2, 0.0.1 [master repo]
    -> AFHTTPClientLogger (0.7.0)
       AFNetworking Extension for request logging.
       pod 'AFHTTPClientLogger', '~> 0.7.0'
       - Homepage: https://github.com/jparise/AFHTTPClientLogger
       - Source:   https://github.com/jparise/AFHTTPClientLogger.git
       - Versions: 0.7.0, 0.6.1, 0.6.0, 0.5.0 [master repo]
    -> AFHTTPFileUpdateOperation (0.0.1)
       AFNetworking extenstion for updating file with HTTP header
       "If-Modified-Since" and status code 304.
       pod 'AFHTTPFileUpdateOperation', '~> 0.0.1'
       - Homepage: https://github.com/samnung/AFHTTPFileUpdateOperation
       - Source:   https://github.com/samnung/AFHTTPFileUpdateOperation.git
       - Versions: 0.0.1 [master repo]
    -> AFHTTPRequestOperationLogger (1.0.0)
    :

# CocoaPods是什么? #

CocoaPods 是开发 OS X 和 [iOS][] 应用程序的一个第三方库的依赖管理工具。利用 CocoaPods，可以定义自己的依赖关系 (称作 pods)，并且随着时间的变化，以及在整个开发环境中对第三方库的版本管理非常方便。

CocoaPods 背后的理念主要体现在两个方面。  
首先，在工程中引入第三方代码会涉及到许多内容。对开发者来说，工程文件的配置会让人很沮丧。在配置 build phases 和 linker flags 过程中，会引起许多人为因素的错误。CocoaPods 简化了这一切，它能够自动配置编译选项。

通过 CocoaPods，可以很方便的查找到新的第三方库。

CocoaPods是用 Ruby 写的，想要使用它首先要有Ruby环境.  
RubyGems简称gems,是一个用于对Ruby组件进行打包的Ruby打包系统

# 个人总结的安装步骤(看了好多相关的博客) #

将ruby的默认源替换为淘宝的RubyGems镜像  
因为国内网络原因,导致rubygems.org存放在亚马逊上面的资源容易连接失败  
`gem sources --remove https://rubygems.org/gem sources -a https://ruby.taobao.org/`  
查看此时的源  
`bogon:~ liyilin$ gem source -l`  
输出结果  
`*** CURRENT SOURCES ***https://ruby.taobao.org/`

之后就可以更新Mac的gem，gem是管理Ruby库和程序的标准包  
`bogon:~ liyilin$ sudo gem update --system`  
终端提示  
`Updating rubygems-updateERROR: While executing gem ... (Errno::EPERM) Operation not permitted - /usr/bin/update_rubygems`  
上网搜索后得知  
Mac OS X 10.11后不能使用sudo gem update –system了  
需要替换成：sudo gem update -n /usr/local/bin —system  
`bogon:~ liyilin$ sudo gem update -n /usr/local/bin —system`  
终端提示貌似没有可以更新的内容  
`Updating installed gemsNothing to update`

接下来安装CocoaPods  
`bogon:~ liyilin$ sudo gem install -n /usr/local/bin cocoa pods`  
终端提示成功了…  
`Successfully installed cocoapods-1.0.1Parsing documentation for cocoapods-1.0.11 gem installed`

使用CocoaPods查找需要的第三方框架(就拿AFNetworking试试吧)  
`bogon:~ liyilin$ pod search AFNetworking`  
终端提示如下,并卡住了!  
`Setting up CocoaPods master repo`  
上网搜索后得知Cocoapods在将它的信息下载到 ~/.cocoapods里  
然后我就前往这个文件夹,不断用快捷键预览它的大小  
`下载速度太慢了,我想先去玩几把守望先锋吧,也不能干等着吧玩了五局定级赛(2胜3负),还没下载完.那我去搓几把炉石吧.`

炉石任务正刷着的时候,终端显示下载完了,但是还有一个警告  
`Setup completed[!] Unable to find a pod with name, author, summary, or description matching 'AFNetworking'`  
上网搜索后得知要删除一个文件  
`bogon:~ liyilin$ rm ~/Library/Caches/CocoaPods/search_index.json`  
然后我再一次搜索AFNetworking  
`bogon:~ liyilin$ pod search AFNetworking`  
终端打印如下:

Creating search index for spec repo 'master'.. Done!
       - Homepage: https://github.com/steipete/AFDownloadRequestOperation
       - Source:   https://github.com/steipete/AFDownloadRequestOperation.git
       - Versions: 2.0.1, 2.0.0, 1.1.0, 1.0.0, 0.0.2, 0.0.1 [master repo]
    -> AFgzipRequestSerializer (0.0.2)
       gzip Request Serializer for AFNetworking
       pod 'AFgzipRequestSerializer', '~> 0.0.2'
       - Homepage: https://github.com/AFNetworking/AFgzipRequestSerializer
       - Source:   https://github.com/AFNetworking/AFgzipRequestSerializer.git
       - Versions: 0.0.2, 0.0.1 [master repo]
    -> AFHARchiver (0.2.2)
       An AFNetworking extension to automatically generate a HTTP Archive file of
       all of your network requests.
       pod 'AFHARchiver', '~> 0.2.2'
       - Homepage: https://github.com/mutualmobile/AFHARchiver
       - Source:   https://github.com/mutualmobile/AFHARchiver.git
       - Versions: 0.2.2, 0.2.1, 0.2.0, 0.1.0, 0.0.2, 0.0.1 [master repo]
    -> AFHTTPClientLogger (0.7.0)
       AFNetworking Extension for request logging.
       pod 'AFHTTPClientLogger', '~> 0.7.0'
       - Homepage: https://github.com/jparise/AFHTTPClientLogger
       - Source:   https://github.com/jparise/AFHTTPClientLogger.git
       - Versions: 0.7.0, 0.6.1, 0.6.0, 0.5.0 [master repo]
    -> AFHTTPFileUpdateOperation (0.0.1)
       AFNetworking extenstion for updating file with HTTP header
       "If-Modified-Since" and status code 304.
       pod 'AFHTTPFileUpdateOperation', '~> 0.0.1'
       - Homepage: https://github.com/samnung/AFHTTPFileUpdateOperation
       - Source:   https://github.com/samnung/AFHTTPFileUpdateOperation.git
       - Versions: 0.0.1 [master repo]
    -> AFHTTPRequestOperationLogger (1.0.0)

应该是搜索出了与AFNetworking相关的内容

我再一次重新搜索AFNetworking,终端显示如下

-> AFNetworking (3.1.0)
       A delightful iOS and OS X networking framework.
       pod 'AFNetworking', '~> 3.1.0'
       - Homepage: https://github.com/AFNetworking/AFNetworking
       - Source:   https://github.com/AFNetworking/AFNetworking.git
       - Versions: 3.1.0, 3.0.4, 3.0.3, 3.0.2, 3.0.1, 3.0.0, 3.0.0-beta.3,
       3.0.0-beta.2, 3.0.0-beta.1, 2.6.3, 2.6.2, 2.6.1, 2.6.0, 2.5.4, 2.5.3, 2.5.2,
       2.5.1, 2.5.0, 2.4.1, 2.4.0, 2.3.1, 2.3.0, 2.2.4, 2.2.3, 2.2.2, 2.2.1, 2.2.0,
       2.1.0, 2.0.3, 2.0.2, 2.0.1, 2.0.0, 2.0.0-RC3, 2.0.0-RC2, 2.0.0-RC1, 1.3.4,
       1.3.3, 1.3.2, 1.3.1, 1.3.0, 1.2.1, 1.2.0, 1.1.0, 1.0.1, 1.0, 1.0RC3, 1.0RC2,
       1.0RC1, 0.10.1, 0.10.0, 0.9.2, 0.9.1, 0.9.0, 0.7.0, 0.5.1 [master repo]
       - Subspecs:
         - AFNetworking/Serialization (3.1.0)
         - AFNetworking/Security (3.1.0)
         - AFNetworking/Reachability (3.1.0)
         - AFNetworking/NSURLSession (3.1.0)
         - AFNetworking/UIKit (3.1.0)

说明CocoaPods确实能用了

用CocoaPods管理项目中的第三方框架  
打开你的项目所在的那个文件夹,新建一个叫Podfile的文件  
`bogon:~ liyilin$ cd /Users/liyilin/Desktop/cocoapodsTest bogon:cocoapodsTest liyilin$ pod init`

编辑Podfile文件  
`bogon:cocoapodsTest liyilin$ vim Podfile`  
终端显示Podfile内容如下

# Uncomment this line to define a global platform for your project

\# platform :ios, ‘9.0’ target ‘cocoapodsTest’ do \# Comment this line if you‘re not using Swift and don’t want to use dynamic frameworks use\_frameworks! \# Pods for cocoapodsTest end ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ “Podfile” 10L, 257C

其中注释说如果使用[Swift][]就得保留use\_frameworks!  
输入i进行编辑,终端显示如下,注意最后一行变为– INSERT –,此时可以编辑

# Uncomment this line to define a global platform for your project
    # platform :ios, '9.0'
    
    target 'cocoapodsTest' do
      # Comment this line if you're not using Swift and don't want to use dynamic frameworks
      use_frameworks!
    
      # Pods for cocoapodsTest
    
    end
    ~                                                                               
    ~                                                                               
    ~                                                                               
    ~                                                                               
    ~                                                                               
    ~                                                                               
    ~                                                                               
    ~                                                                               
    ~                                                                               
    ~                                                                               
    ~                                                                               
    ~                                                                               
    -- INSERT --

然后我根据搜索出的AFNetworking的信息,编辑Podfile文件如下:  
(去掉了platform前面的\#,插入了pod ‘AFNetworking’, ‘~> 3.1.0’)

# Uncomment this line to define a global platform for your project
     platform :ios, '9.0'
    
    target 'cocoapodsTest' do
      # Comment this line if you're not using Swift and don't want to use dynamic frameworks
      use_frameworks!
    pod 'AFNetworking', '~> 3.1.0'
      # Pods for cocoapodsTest
    
    end
    ~                                                                               
    ~                                                                               
    ~                                                                               
    ~                                                                               
    ~                                                                               
    ~                                                                               
    ~                                                                               
    ~                                                                               
    ~                                                                               
    ~                                                                               
    ~                                                                               
    ~                                                                               
    -- INSERT --

然后点击ESC,输入:wq保存并退出

接下来为项目导入第三方库和相关依赖库  
`bogon:cocoapodsTest liyilin$ pod install`  
终端提示导入成功,并提示你从此使用cocoapodsTest.xcworkspace这个文件来编写项目

Analyzing dependencies
    Downloading dependencies
    Installing AFNetworking (3.1.0)
    Generating Pods project
    Integrating client project
    
    [!] Please close any current Xcode sessions and usecocoapodsTest.xcworkspacefor this project from now on.
    Sending stats
    Pod installation complete! There is 1 dependency from the Podfile and 1 total
    pod installed.

文／果啤（简书作者）  
原文链接：http://www.jianshu.com/p/d5a9e4bee015  
著作权归作者所有，转载请联系作者获得授权，并标注“简书作者”。

[iOS]: http://lib.csdn.net/base/ios
[Swift]: http://lib.csdn.net/base/swift