Windows客户端开发--获取系统mac地址(使用GetAdaptersInfo和GetAdaptersAddresses)

短命女 2022-07-14 00:25 506阅读 0赞

使用WMI可以获取本地计算机的mac信息，现在就用另外两种方法获取mac地址：  
GetAdaptersInfo 和 GetAdaptersAddresses

**GetAdaptersInfo**  
功能：  
The GetAdaptersInfo function retrieves adapter information for the local computer.  
原型：

DWORD GetAdaptersInfo( _Out_ PIP_ADAPTER_INFO pAdapterInfo, _Inout_ PULONG pOutBufLen );

其中参数有PIP\_ADAPTER\_INFO：

typedef struct _IP_ADAPTER_INFO {
        struct _IP_ADAPTER_INFO* Next;
        DWORD ComboIndex;
        char AdapterName[MAX_ADAPTER_NAME_LENGTH + 4];
        char Description[MAX_ADAPTER_DESCRIPTION_LENGTH + 4];
        UINT AddressLength;
        BYTE Address[MAX_ADAPTER_ADDRESS_LENGTH];
        DWORD Index;
        UINT Type;
        UINT DhcpEnabled;
        PIP_ADDR_STRING CurrentIpAddress;
        IP_ADDR_STRING IpAddressList;
        IP_ADDR_STRING GatewayList;
        IP_ADDR_STRING DhcpServer;
        BOOL HaveWins;
        IP_ADDR_STRING PrimaryWinsServer;
        IP_ADDR_STRING SecondaryWinsServer;
        time_t LeaseObtained;
        time_t LeaseExpires;
    } IP_ADAPTER_INFO, *PIP_ADAPTER_INFO;

上面的结构体中，我们注意关注*Type*、*AddressLength*、*Address*

Type:

#define MIB_IF_TYPE_OTHER 1
    #define MIB_IF_TYPE_ETHERNET 6
    #define MIB_IF_TYPE_TOKENRING 9
    #define MIB_IF_TYPE_FDDI 15
    #define MIB_IF_TYPE_PPP 23
    #define MIB_IF_TYPE_LOOPBACK 24
    #define MIB_IF_TYPE_SLIP 28

上代码：

bool GetMacAddressByAdaptersInfo(std::string &mac_address)
    {
      bool ret = false;
    
      ULONG out_buf_len = sizeof(IP_ADAPTER_INFO);
      PIP_ADAPTER_INFO adapter_info = (IP_ADAPTER_INFO*)malloc(sizeof(IP_ADAPTER_INFO));
      if (adapter_info == NULL)
        return false;
      // Make an initial call to GetAdaptersInfo to get the necessary size into the out_buf_len variable
      if (GetAdaptersInfo(adapter_info, &out_buf_len) == ERROR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW)
      {
        free(adapter_info);
        adapter_info = (IP_ADAPTER_INFO *)malloc(out_buf_len);
        if (adapter_info == NULL)
          return false;
      }
    
      if (GetAdaptersInfo(adapter_info, &out_buf_len) == NO_ERROR)
      {
        PIP_ADAPTER_INFO adapter = adapter_info;
        for (; adapter != NULL; adapter = adapter->Next)
        {
          // 确保是以太网
          if (adapter->Type != MIB_IF_TYPE_ETHERNET)
            continue;
          // 确保MAC地址的长度为 00-00-00-00-00-00
          if (adapter->AddressLength != 6)
            continue;
    
          std::cout << "GetMacAddressByAdaptersInfo: " <<std::hex << int(adapter->Address[0]) <<" "
                    << int(adapter->Address[1]) << " "
                    << int(adapter->Address[2]) << " "
                    << int(adapter->Address[3]) << " "
                    << int(adapter->Address[4]) << " "
                    << int(adapter->Address[5]) << std::endl;
    
          ret = true;
          break;
        }
      }
    
      free(adapter_info);
      return ret;
    }

**注意：**  
On Windows XP and later: Use the GetAdaptersAddresses function instead of GetAdaptersInfo.  
所以稍后会介绍GetAdaptersAddresses。

**GetAdaptersAddresses**  
功能：  
The GetAdaptersAddresses function retrieves the addresses associated with the adapters on the local computer.  
原型：  
“\`cpp  
ULONG WINAPI GetAdaptersAddresses(  
*In* ULONG Family,  
*In* ULONG Flags,  
*In* PVOID Reserved,  
*Inout* PIP\_ADAPTER\_ADDRESSES AdapterAddresses,  
*Inout* PULONG SizePointer  
);

第一个参数Family我们设置为AF_UNSPEC：
    Return both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses associated with adapters with IPv4 or IPv6 enabled.
    
    其中参数PIP_ADAPTER_ADDRESSES：
    ```cpp
    typedef struct _IP_ADAPTER_ADDRESSES {
      union {
        ULONGLONG Alignment;
        struct {
          ULONG Length;
          DWORD IfIndex;
        };
      };
      struct _IP_ADAPTER_ADDRESSES  *Next;
      PCHAR                              AdapterName;
      PIP_ADAPTER_UNICAST_ADDRESS        FirstUnicastAddress;
      PIP_ADAPTER_ANYCAST_ADDRESS        FirstAnycastAddress;
      PIP_ADAPTER_MULTICAST_ADDRESS      FirstMulticastAddress;
      PIP_ADAPTER_DNS_SERVER_ADDRESS     FirstDnsServerAddress;
      PWCHAR                             DnsSuffix;
      PWCHAR                             Description;
      PWCHAR                             FriendlyName;
      BYTE                               PhysicalAddress[MAX_ADAPTER_ADDRESS_LENGTH];
      DWORD                              PhysicalAddressLength;
      DWORD                              Flags;
      DWORD                              Mtu;
      DWORD                              IfType;
      IF_OPER_STATUS                     OperStatus;
      DWORD                              Ipv6IfIndex;
      DWORD                              ZoneIndices[16];
      PIP_ADAPTER_PREFIX                 FirstPrefix;
      ULONG64                            TransmitLinkSpeed;
      ULONG64                            ReceiveLinkSpeed;
      PIP_ADAPTER_WINS_SERVER_ADDRESS_LH FirstWinsServerAddress;
      PIP_ADAPTER_GATEWAY_ADDRESS_LH     FirstGatewayAddress;
      ULONG                              Ipv4Metric;
      ULONG                              Ipv6Metric;
      IF_LUID                            Luid;
      SOCKET_ADDRESS                     Dhcpv4Server;
      NET_IF_COMPARTMENT_ID              CompartmentId;
      NET_IF_NETWORK_GUID                NetworkGuid;
      NET_IF_CONNECTION_TYPE             ConnectionType;
      TUNNEL_TYPE                        TunnelType;
      SOCKET_ADDRESS                     Dhcpv6Server;
      BYTE                               Dhcpv6ClientDuid[MAX_DHCPV6_DUID_LENGTH];
      ULONG                              Dhcpv6ClientDuidLength;
      ULONG                              Dhcpv6Iaid;
      PIP_ADAPTER_DNS_SUFFIX             FirstDnsSuffix;
    } IP_ADAPTER_ADDRESSES, *PIP_ADAPTER_ADDRESSES;
    
    
    
    
    <div class="se-preview-section-delimiter"></div>

上面结构体中我们关注：*PhysicalAddressLength*、*PhysicalAddress*

上代码：

bool GetMacAddressByAdaptersAddresses(std::string &mac_address)
    {
      bool ret = false;
    
      ULONG out_buf_len = sizeof(IP_ADAPTER_ADDRESSES);
      PIP_ADAPTER_ADDRESSES addresses = (IP_ADAPTER_ADDRESSES*)malloc(out_buf_len);
      if (addresses == NULL)
        return false;
      // Make an initial call to GetAdaptersAddresses to get the necessary size into the ulOutBufLen variable
      if (GetAdaptersAddresses(AF_UNSPEC, 0, NULL, addresses, &out_buf_len) == ERROR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW)
      {
        free(addresses);
        addresses = (IP_ADAPTER_ADDRESSES*)malloc(out_buf_len);
        if (addresses == NULL)
          return false;
      }
    
      if (GetAdaptersAddresses(AF_UNSPEC, 0, NULL, addresses, &out_buf_len) == NO_ERROR)
      {
        // If successful, output some information from the data we received
        PIP_ADAPTER_ADDRESSES curr_addresses = addresses;
        for (; curr_addresses != NULL; curr_addresses = curr_addresses->Next)
        {
          // 确保MAC地址的长度为 00-00-00-00-00-00
          if (curr_addresses->PhysicalAddressLength != 6)
            continue;
    
          std::cout << "GetMacAddressByAdaptersAddresses: " << std::hex << int(curr_addresses->PhysicalAddress[0]) << " "
            << int(curr_addresses->PhysicalAddress[1]) << " "
            << int(curr_addresses->PhysicalAddress[2]) << " "
            << int(curr_addresses->PhysicalAddress[3]) << " "
            << int(curr_addresses->PhysicalAddress[4]) << " "
            << int(curr_addresses->PhysicalAddress[5]) << std::endl;
    
          ret = true;
          break;
        }
      }
    
      free(addresses);
      return ret;
    }