搭建SpringMVC (Java配置)

墨蓝 2022-07-14 03:29 190阅读 0赞

**配置DispatcherServlet**

DispatcherServlet的是SpringMVC的核心。在这里请求会第一次接触都框架，它要负责将请求路由到其他的组件之中。

使用Java配置将DispatcherServlet配置在Servlet容器中。

**WebAppInitializer.java**

/** * 配置DispatcherServlet * * @author wxz * */
    public class WebAppInitializer extends AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer{ 
    
        /** * 此方法返回的带有@Configuration注解的类将会用来配置ContextLoaderListener创建的应用上下文中的Bean */
        @Override
        protected Class<?>[] getRootConfigClasses() {
            return new Class<?>[] {RootConfig.class};
        }
    
        /** * 当DispatcherServlet启动的时候，它会创建Spring应用上下文，并加载配置文件或配置类中所声明的Bean。 * DispatcherServlet加载应用上下文时，使用定义在WebConfig配置类中的Bean * */
        @Override
        protected Class<?>[] getServletConfigClasses() {
            return new Class<?>[] {WebConfig.class}; // 指定配置类
        }
    
        /** * 将一个或多个路径映射到DispatcherServlet上 */
        @Override
        protected String[] getServletMappings() {
            return new String[] {
       "/"}; // 将dispatcherServlet映射到“/”
        }
    
    }

**启用SpringMVC**

**WebConfig.java**

@Configuration
    @EnableWebMvc // 启用SpringMVC
    @ComponentScan("com.sosweet") // 启用组件扫描
    public class WebConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter{ 
    
        /** 视图解析器 */
        @Bean
        public InternalResourceViewResolver viewResolver(){
            InternalResourceViewResolver viewResolver = new InternalResourceViewResolver();
            viewResolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/classes/views/"); // 运行时的目录结构
            viewResolver.setSuffix(".jsp");
            viewResolver.setViewClass(JstlView.class);
            return viewResolver;
        }
    
        /** 配置静态资源的处理 */
        @Override
        public void configureDefaultServletHandling(DefaultServletHandlerConfigurer configurer){
            configurer.enable();
        }
    
    }

RootConfig.java

@Configuration
    @ComponentScan(basePackages={
       "com.sosweet"}, excludeFilters={
            @Filter(type=FilterType.ANNOTATION, value=EnableWebMvc.class)
    })
    public class RootConfig { 
    
    }

web.xml 的Schema必须是3.0+的

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
    
      <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
    </web-app>

完整的项目目录结构：

![这里写图片描述][20161125162516254]

pom.xml

<dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
                <version>4.3.3.RELEASE</version>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
                <version>4.3.3.RELEASE</version>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
                <version>4.3.3.RELEASE</version>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
                <version>4.3.3.RELEASE</version>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
                <version>4.3.3.RELEASE</version>
            </dependency>
            
    
            
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
                <version>4.3.3.RELEASE</version>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
                <version>4.3.3.RELEASE</version>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
                <artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId>
                <version>1.8.5</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
                <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
                <version>1.8.5</version>
            </dependency>
            
    
            
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
                <version>4.3.3.RELEASE</version>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
                <version>4.3.3.RELEASE</version>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-websocket</artifactId>
                <version>4.3.3.RELEASE</version>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-webmvc-portlet</artifactId>
                <version>4.3.3.RELEASE</version>
            </dependency>
            
            
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
                <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
                <version>2.3</version>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
                <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
                <version>3.1.0</version>
            </dependency>

<plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>2.3.2</version>
                    <configuration>
                        <source>1.8</source>
                        <target>1.8</target>
                        <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                    </configuration>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>

**添加Servlet、Filter、Listener**

想往Web容器中注册其他组件的话，只需创建一个新的初始化器就可以了。最简单的方式就是实现Spring的WebApplicationInitializer接口。

public class MyServletInitializer implements WebApplicationInitializer{ 
    
        @Override
        public void onStartup(ServletContext servletContext) throws ServletException {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    
        }
    
    }

**添加Servlet**

public class MyServletInitializer implements WebApplicationInitializer{ 
    
        @Override
        public void onStartup(ServletContext servletContext) throws ServletException {
    
            ServletRegistration.Dynamic myServlet = servletContext.addServlet("myServlet", MyServlet.class); // 注册Servlet
            myServlet.addMapping("/custom/**"); // 映射Servlet
    
        }
    
    }

**添加Filter**

public class MyServletInitializer implements WebApplicationInitializer{ 
    
        @Override
        public void onStartup(ServletContext servletContext) throws ServletException {
    
            /** 注册Servlet */
            ServletRegistration.Dynamic myServlet = servletContext.addServlet("myServlet", MyServlet.class); // 注册Servlet
            myServlet.addMapping("/custom/**"); // 映射Servlet
    
            /** 注册Filter */
            FilterRegistration.Dynamic myFilter = servletContext.addFilter("myFilter", MyFilter.class); // 注册Filter
            myFilter.addMappingForUrlPatterns(null, false, "/custom/**"); // 添加Filter的映射路径
    
        }
    
    }

[20161125162516254]: /images/20220714/d77341e4172240e399af8561d5c9b38a.png