scrapy一个综合性的demo案例

末蓝、 2022-07-14 06:15 215阅读 0赞

一、搭建项目
    1.新建python项目jobman
    
    2.生成scrapy
    进入存储代码的jobman目录中，运行下列cmd命令:
    scrapy startproject zhaopin
    
    二、编辑源码
    修改3个文件内容:
    items.py
    pipelines.py
    settings.py
    新建2个文件:
    wuyaojob_spider.py
    mssql.py
    
    1）.修改items.py为如下内容
    # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
    
    # Define here the models for your scraped items
    #
    # See documentation in:
    # http://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/items.html
    
    import scrapy
    
    
    class CompanyItem(scrapy.Item):
        # define the fields for your item here like:
        # name = scrapy.Field()
    
        domain=scrapy.Field()
        url=scrapy.Field()
        comname=scrapy.Field()
        typename=scrapy.Field()
        comdemo=scrapy.Field()
        areaname=scrapy.Field()
        address=scrapy.Field()
        tel=scrapy.Field()
        email=scrapy.Field()
    
    
    class JobItem(scrapy.Item):
        # define the fields for your item here like:
        # name = scrapy.Field()
    
        domain=scrapy.Field()
        comurl=scrapy.Field()
        url=scrapy.Field()
        comname=scrapy.Field()
        jobname=scrapy.Field()
        jobdemo=scrapy.Field()
        areaname=scrapy.Field()
        address=scrapy.Field()
        salary=scrapy.Field()
        eduname=scrapy.Field()
        jobyear=scrapy.Field()
        begindate=scrapy.Field()
        enddate=scrapy.Field()
        fuli=scrapy.Field()
        tradename=scrapy.Field()
    
    
    2）修改piplines.py如下：
    # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
    
    # Define your item pipelines here
    #
    # Don't forget to add your pipeline to the ITEM_PIPELINES setting
    # See: http://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
    
    import scrapy
    from zhaopin.items import CompanyItem,JobItem
    from zhaopin.mssql import MsSql
    
    class ZhaopinPipeline(object):
    
        def process_item(self, item, spider):
    
            if isinstance(item,CompanyItem):
                ms=MsSql(host="192.168.0.28",user="sa",pwd="sa",db="TalCrawl")
                if len(item['comname'])==0:
                    pass
                else:
                    newsql="insert into cra_craw_comdata(domain,url,comname)values('%s','%s','%s')" % (item['domain'],item['url'],item['comname'])
                    print(newsql)
                    #ms.ExecNonQuery(newsql.encode('utf-8'))
    
            elif isinstance(item,JobItem):
                if len(item['jobname'])==0 or len(item['comname'])==0:
                    pass
                else:
                    ms=MsSql(host="192.168.0.28",user="sa",pwd="sa",db="TalCrawl")
                    newsql="insert into cra_craw_jobdata(domain,url,jobname,comurl,comname,salary,eduname,fuli,jobdemo)\
                    values('%s','%s','%s','%s','%s','%s','%s','%s','%s')" % \
                    (item['domain'],item['url'],item['jobname'],item['comurl'],item['comname'],item['salary'],item['eduname'],item['fuli'],item['jobdemo'])
                    print(newsql)
                    #ms.ExecNonQuery(newsql.encode('utf-8'))
    
            else:
                pass
            return item
    
    
    
    3）修改settings.py中的部分内容如下：
    ITEM_PIPELINES = {
        'zhaopin.pipelines.ZhaopinPipeline': 300,
    }
    
    
    4）.在zhaopin/spiders目录下新建文件wuyaojob_spider.py
    #-*- coding: utf-8 -*-
    
    import scrapy
    from scrapy.spiders import CrawlSpider,Rule  
    from scrapy.linkextractors import LinkExtractor  
    from ..items import CompanyItem,JobItem
    
    
    class wuyaojobSpider(scrapy.Spider):
        name="wuyaojob"
        #allowed_domains=["51job.com"]
        domain="51job.com"
        start_urls=['http://51job.com']
    
        #rules = (
        #    ## 提取匹配 'category.php' (但不匹配 'subsection.php') 的链接并跟进链接(没有callback意味着follow默认为True)  
        #    #Rule(LinkExtractor(allow=('category\.php', ), deny=('subsection\.php', ))),  
    
        #    # 提取匹配 'item.html' 的链接并使用spider的parse_company方法进行分析  
        #    Rule(LinkExtractor(allow=('\.html', )), callback='parse_company'),  
    
        #    Rule(LinkExtractor(allow=('\.htm', )), callback='parse_job'),  
        #)  
    
        def start_requests(self):
            requests = []
            for item in self.start_urls:
                requests.append(scrapy.Request(url=item, headers={
       'Referer':'http://www.baidu.com/'},callback=self.parse ))
            return requests
    
        def parse(self,response):
    
            #self.logger.info("访问地址：%s" % response.xpath('//a/@href').extract())
    
            for url in response.xpath('//a/@href').extract():
                if url.endswith('index.htm'):
                    yield scrapy.Request(url, headers={
       'Referer':response.url},callback=self.parse_company)
                elif url.endswith('.html') and url.startswith('http://jobs.51job.com/all/'):
                    yield scrapy.Request(url, headers={
       'Referer':response.url},callback=self.parse_job)
                else:
                    yield
            return None
    
        def parse_company(self,response):
    
            links=response.xpath('//a')
            items=[]
    
            for link in links:
                item = CompanyItem()  
                item['domain']=self.domain
    
                item['url'] = link.xpath('.//@href').extract()
                if len(item['url'])>0:
                    item['url']=item['url'][0]
                else:
                    item['url']=''
    
                item['comname']=link.xpath('.//text()').extract()
                if len(item['comname'])>0:
                    item['comname']=item['comname'][0]
                else:
                    item['comname']=''
    
                items.append(item)
                #self.logger.info('地址： %s 名称：%s '%(item['url'],item['comname']))
    
            return items
    
        def parse_job(self,response):
    
            #self.log('职位页面地址： %s' % response.url)  
    
            item = JobItem()
            item['domain']=self.domain
            item['url'] =response.url
    
            #/html/body/div[2]/div[2]/div[2]/div/div[1]/h1
            item['jobname']=response.xpath('//div[@class="cn"]//h1//text()').extract()
            if len(item['jobname'])>0:
                item['jobname']=item['jobname'][0]
            else:
                item['jobname']=''
    
            item['comname']=response.xpath('//p[@class="cname"]//a//text()').extract()
            if len(item['comname'])>0:
                item['comname']=item['comname'][0]
            else:
                item['comname']=''
    
            item['comurl']=response.xpath('//p[@class="cname"]//a//@href').extract()
            if len(item['comurl'])>0:
                item['comurl']=item['comurl'][0]
            else:
                item['comurl']=''
    
            item['salary']=response.xpath('//div[@class="cn"]//strong//text()').extract()
            if len(item['salary'])>0:
                item['salary']=item['salary'][0]
            else:
                item['salary']=''
    
            item['fuli']=response.xpath('//p[@class="t2"]//text()').extract()
            if len(item['fuli'])>0:
                item['fuli']=item['fuli'][0]
            else:
                item['fuli']=''
    
            item['jobdemo']=response.xpath('//div[@class="bmsg job_msg inbox"]//text()').extract()
            if len(item['jobdemo'])>0:
                item['jobdemo']=item['jobdemo'][0]
            else:
                item['jobdemo']=''
    
            item['eduname']=response.xpath('//div[@class="t1"]/span[2]//text()').extract()
            if len(item['eduname'])>0:
                item['eduname']=item['eduname'][0]
            else:
                item['eduname']=''
    
            item['tradename']=response.xpath('//p[@class="fp f2"]/span[@class="el"]//text()').extract()
            if len(item['tradename'])>0:
                item['tradename']=item['tradename'][0]
            else:
                item['tradename']=''
    
            return item
    
    5）最后附上一个辅助类文件mssql.py
    放在zhaopin目录下与spiders目录平齐。
    
    # -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
    import pymssql
    class MsSql:
        def __init__(self,host,user,pwd,db):
            self.host = host
            self.user = user
            self.pwd = pwd
            self.db = db
    
        def __GetConnect(self):
            if not self.db:
                raise(NameError,"数据库不存在")
            self.conn = pymssql.connect(host=self.host,user=self.user,password=self.pwd,database=self.db,charset="utf8")
            cur = self.conn.cursor()
            if not cur:
                raise(NameError,"账号或密码错误")
            else:
                return cur
    
        def ExecQuery(self,sql):
            cur = self.__GetConnect()
            cur.execute(sql)
            resList = cur.fetchall()
    
            self.conn.close()
            return resList
    
        def ExecNonQuery(self,sql):
            cur = self.__GetConnect()
            cur.execute(sql)
            self.conn.commit()
            self.conn.close()
    
    三、运行蜘蛛：
    cmd切换到zhaopin目录下执行以下命令
    scrapy crawl wuyaojob
    
    至于多个蜘蛛同时运行的方法，以及采用python代码运行的方法，后面再做研究。