3.saltstack使用指南：Jinja使用技巧

偏执的太偏执、 2022-07-14 09:25 133阅读 0赞

# saltstack中使用Jinja #

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## jinja简介 ##

Jinja是基于python的模板引擎，在saltstack中我们使用yaml\_jinja渲染器来根据模板生产对应的配置文件，对于不同的操作系统或者不同的情况通过jinja可以让配置文件或者操作形成一种模板的编写方式。

一般在diango或者saltstack这种python环境下使用较多。

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## 在saltstack中使用jinja ##

使用的步骤比较简单：  
1.File状态使用template参数 - template: jiaja  
2.模板文件里面使用\{ \{名称\}\}  
3.File状态模块要指定变量列表：  
\- default:  
PORT: 8080

以zabbix\_agentd客户端的配置文件为例：

/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf:
      file.managed:
        - name: /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf     - source: salt://zabbix/files/zabbix_agentd.conf     - templete: jinja     - Server: { {pillar['zabbix-agent']['Zabbix_Server']}}

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## 一个简单示例 ##

我们以用saltstack安装apache服务为例，在centos和ubuntu中apache服务的安装包名称是不同的，如果在一个apache.sls文件中进行安装设置，则需要借助jinja和pillar对安装包的名称进行逻辑判断。

由grains.item可以获得salt客户端的相关信息，本例中需要获取os版本：

[root@server2 pillar]# salt '*' grains.items

显示部分结果如下：

os:
            CentOS
        os_family:
            RedHat

所以我们要对grains的os值进行判断，不同的系统我们对apache的值进行不同的设定，这样apache就相当于是可以随机应变的值。

{% if grains['os'] == 'CentOS' %}
    apache: httpd
    git: git 
    {% elif grains['os'] == 'Debian' %}
    apache: apache2
    git: git-core
    {% endif %}

在安装的步骤apache.sls中直接使用如下设定：

[root@server2 init]# cat apache.sls 
    apache:
      pkg.installed:
        - name: {
       { pillar['apache']}}

\{ \{pillar\[‘apache’\]\}\}就是使用了pillar中的apache的值，我们根据不同的系统会选择不同的安装包名称。通过这种方式可以简化我们配置时的系统差异，只需要考虑关键的逻辑即可。

执行结果如下：

[root@server2 init]# salt '*' state.highstate 
    minion-192.168.42.130: ----------
     ID: /etc/resolv.conf
     Function: file.managed
     Result: True
     Comment: File /etc/resolv.conf is in the correct state
     Started: 15:59:02.850610
     Duration: 98.457 ms
     Changes: ----------
     ID: /etc/bashrc
     Function: file.append
     Result: True
     Comment: File /etc/bashrc is in correct state
     Started: 15:59:02.949421
     Duration: 6.435 ms
     Changes: ----------
     ID: /etc/profile
     Function: file.append
     Result: True
     Comment: File /etc/profile is in correct state
     Started: 15:59:02.956039
     Duration: 2.451 ms
     Changes: ----------
     ID: /etc/yum.repos.d/local_yum.repo
     Function: file.managed
     Result: True
     Comment: File /etc/yum.repos.d/local_yum.repo is in the correct state
     Started: 15:59:02.958724
     Duration: 74.73 ms
     Changes: ----------
     ID: apache
     Function: pkg.installed
     Name: httpd
     Result: True
     Comment: The following packages were installed/updated: httpd
     Started: 15:59:03.922463
     Duration: 7044.686 ms
     Changes: 
     ----------
     httpd:
     ----------
     new:
     2.4.6-40.el7.centos
     old:
    
    Summary for minion-192.168.42.130 ------------
    Succeeded: 5 (changed=1)
    Failed: 0 ------------
    Total states run:     5
    Total run time:   7.227 s
    minion-192.168.42.128: ----------
     ID: /etc/resolv.conf
     Function: file.managed
     Result: True
     Comment: File /etc/resolv.conf is in the correct state
     Started: 15:59:02.895075
     Duration: 108.572 ms
     Changes: ----------
     ID: /etc/bashrc
     Function: file.append
     Result: True
     Comment: File /etc/bashrc is in correct state
     Started: 15:59:03.003882
     Duration: 8.062 ms
     Changes: ----------
     ID: /etc/profile
     Function: file.append
     Result: True
     Comment: File /etc/profile is in correct state
     Started: 15:59:03.012117
     Duration: 3.349 ms
     Changes: ----------
     ID: /etc/yum.repos.d/local_yum.repo
     Function: file.managed
     Result: True
     Comment: File /etc/yum.repos.d/local_yum.repo is in the correct state
     Started: 15:59:03.015661
     Duration: 66.75 ms
     Changes: ----------
     ID: apache
     Function: pkg.installed
     Name: httpd
     Result: True
     Comment: The following packages were installed/updated: httpd
     Started: 15:59:03.992430
     Duration: 7570.761 ms
     Changes: 
     ----------
     httpd:
     ----------
     new:
     2.4.6-40.el7.centos
     old:
    
    Summary for minion-192.168.42.128 ------------
    Succeeded: 5 (changed=1)
    Failed: 0 ------------
    Total states run:     5
    Total run time:   7.757 s