redis学习笔记（一）redis3.2.5集群安装与测试

灰太狼 2022-07-14 09:41 130阅读 0赞

##  ##

# redis系列文章目录 #

*  [Redis 利用Hash存储节约内存][Redis _Hash]
 *  [Redis学习笔记（九）redis实现时时直播列表缓存,支持分页\[热点数据存储\]][Redis_redis]
 *  [Redis学习笔记（八）redis之lua脚本学习][Redis_redis_lua]
 *  [Redis学习笔记（七）jedis超时重试机制注意事项][Redis_jedis]
 *  [Redis学习笔记（六）redis实现分布式锁][Redis_redis 1]
 *  [Redis学习笔记（五）jedis(JedisCluster)操作Redis集群 redis-cluster][Redis_jedis_JedisCluster_Redis_ redis-cluster]
 *  [redis学习笔记（四）缓存与数据库一致性问题][redis]
 *  [redis学习笔记（三）数据淘汰策略][redis 1]
 *  [redis学习笔记（二）JedisCluster + redis 3.2.5集群][redis_JedisCluster _ redis 3.2.5]
 *  [redis学习笔记（一）redis3.2.5集群安装与测试][redis_redis3.2.5]
 *  [使用spring-data-redis实现incr自增][spring-data-redis_incr]

\[toc\]

##     ##

## 下载和解包 ##

cd /usr/software
       wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-3.2.6.tar.gz
       tar -zxvf /redis-3.2.6.tar.gz

## 编译安装 ##

cd redis-3.2.6
       make && make install

## 创建redis节点 ##

> 测试我们选择2台服务器，分别为：192.168.215.129，192.168.215.130.每分服务器有3个节点。

*  我先在192.168.215.129创建3个节点：

cd /usr/software
       mkdir redis_cluster //创建集群目录
       cd redis_cluster
       mkdir 7000 7001 7002 //分别代表三个节点 其对应端口 7000 7001 7002
       cd ..
       //创建7000节点为例，拷贝到7000目录
       cp /usr/software/redis-3.2.6/redis.conf ./redis_cluster/7000/
       //拷贝到7001目录
       cp /usr/software/redis-3.2.6/redis.conf ./redis_cluster/7001/
       //拷贝到7002目录
       cp /usr/software/redis-3.2.6/redis.conf ./redis_cluster/7002/

分别对7000，7001、7002文件夹中的3个文件修改对应的配置

daemonize yes //redis后台运行
       pidfile /var/run/redis_7000.pid //pidfile文件对应7000,7001,7002
       port 7000 //端口7000,7002,7003
       cluster-enabled yes //开启集群 把注释#去掉
       cluster-config-file nodes_7000.conf //集群的配置 配置文件首次启动自动生成 7000,7001,7002
       bind 192.168.215.130 //这里要绑定机器的IP
       cluster-node-timeout 5000 //请求超时 设置5秒够了
       appendonly yes //aof日志开启 有需要就开启，它会每次写操作都记录一条日志</pre>

*  在192.168.1.238创建3个节点：对应的端口改为7003,7004,7005.配置对应的改一下就可以了。
    
    4、两台机启动各节点(两台服务器方式一样)

cd /usr/software
       redis-server redis_cluster/7000/redis.conf
       redis-server redis_cluster/7001/redis.conf
       redis-server redis_cluster/7002/redis.conf
       redis-server redis_cluster/7003/redis.conf
       redis-server redis_cluster/7004/redis.conf
       redis-server redis_cluster/7005/redis.conf

## 查看服务 ##

ps -ef | grep redis #查看是否启动成功
       netstat -tnlp | grep redis #可以看到redis监听端口

[root@zk1 software]# ps -ef | grep redis
       root 10601 1 0 06:42 ? 00:00:00 redis-server 192.168.215.129:7000 [cluster]
       root 10606 1 0 06:42 ? 00:00:00 redis-server 192.168.215.129:7001 [cluster]
       root 10610 1 0 06:42 ? 00:00:00 redis-server 192.168.215.129:7002 [cluster]
       root 10615 4548 0 06:42 pts/2 00:00:00 grep --color=auto redis
       [root@zk1 software]# 
       [root@zk1 software]# 
       [root@zk1 software]# 
       [root@zk1 software]# netstat -tnlp | grep redis
       tcp 0 0 192.168.215.129:17002 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 10610/redis-server 
       tcp 0 0 192.168.215.129:7000 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 10601/redis-server 
       tcp 0 0 192.168.215.129:7001 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 10606/redis-server 
       tcp 0 0 192.168.215.129:7002 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 10610/redis-server 
       tcp 0 0 192.168.215.129:17000 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 10601/redis-server 
       tcp 0 0 192.168.215.129:17001 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 10606/redis-server

# 创建集群 #

前面已经准备好了搭建集群的redis节点，接下来我们要把这些节点都串连起来搭建集群。官方提供了一个工具：redis-trib.rb(/usr/local/redis-3.2.1/src/redis-trib.rb) 看后缀就知道这鸟东西不能直接执行，它是用ruby写的一个程序，所以我们还得安装ruby.再用 gem 这个命令来安装 redis接口, gem是ruby的一个工具包.   
为了方便，两台机器都安装.

yum -y install ruby ruby-devel rubygems rpm-build
       gem install redis

> 注意：这里需要修改gem源，并且淘宝的gem源已经不能用了，坑爹啊，现在要使用ruby-china。   
> [https://gems.ruby-china.org/][https_gems.ruby-china.org]

添加ruby-china源：

[root@zk1 software]# gem sources --add https://gems.ruby-china.org/ --remove https://rubygems.org/
       [root@zk1 software]# gem sources -l
       *** CURRENT SOURCES ***
       
       https://gems.ruby-china.org/

## redis-trib.rb ##

进入`/usr/software/redis-3.2.5/src`运行一下`redis-trib.rb`

[root@zk2 src]# ./redis-trib.rb
       Usage: redis-trib <command> <options> <arguments ...>
       
       create host1:port1 ... hostN:portN
       --replicas <arg>
       check host:port
       info host:port
       fix host:port
       --timeout <arg>
       reshard host:port
       --from <arg>
       --to <arg>
       --slots <arg>
       --yes
       --timeout <arg>
       --pipeline <arg>
       rebalance host:port
       --weight <arg>
       --auto-weights
       --use-empty-masters
       --timeout <arg>
       --simulate
       --pipeline <arg>
       --threshold <arg>
       add-node new_host:new_port existing_host:existing_port
       --slave
       --master-id <arg>
       del-node host:port node_id
       set-timeout host:port milliseconds
       call host:port command arg arg .. arg
       import host:port
       --from <arg>
       --copy
       --replace
       help (show this help)
       
       For check, fix, reshard, del-node, set-timeout you can specify the host and port of any working node in the cluster.

看到这，应该明白了吧， 就是靠上面这些操作 完成redis集群搭建的.

确认所有的节点都启动，接下来使用参数create 创建 (在192.168.215.129中来创建)

[root@zk1 src]# ./redis-trib.rb create --replicas 1 192.168.215.129:7000 192.168.215.129:7001 192.168.215.129:7002 192.168.215.130:7003 192.168.215.130:7004 192.168.215.130:7005
       >>> Creating cluster
       >>> Performing hash slots allocation on 6 nodes...
       Using 3 masters:
       192.168.215.129:7000
       192.168.215.130:7003
       192.168.215.129:7001
       Adding replica 192.168.215.130:7004 to 192.168.215.129:7000
       Adding replica 192.168.215.129:7002 to 192.168.215.130:7003
       Adding replica 192.168.215.130:7005 to 192.168.215.129:7001
       M: 16518afbfcbd961aeb76ef1592007a3e7fe24b1b 192.168.215.129:7000
       slots:0-5460 (5461 slots) master
       M: 524219969118a57ceaac753ecef7585f634cdf26 192.168.215.129:7001
       slots:10923-16383 (5461 slots) master
       S: ea4519ff0083a13cef8262490ee9e61e5a4b14b1 192.168.215.129:7002
       replicates 82c0e591b9bc7a289026dff2873a254d1c49d285
       M: 82c0e591b9bc7a289026dff2873a254d1c49d285 192.168.215.130:7003
       slots:5461-10922 (5462 slots) master
       S: baf74dd89c0605d2a71a8d1d3706005ff668563b 192.168.215.130:7004
       replicates 16518afbfcbd961aeb76ef1592007a3e7fe24b1b
       S: f8192314d2232e12ba9f558e9ecbfcc890f4fb73 192.168.215.130:7005
       replicates 524219969118a57ceaac753ecef7585f634cdf26
       Can I set the above configuration? (type 'yes' to accept): yes
       >>> Nodes configuration updated
       >>> Assign a different config epoch to each node
       >>> Sending CLUSTER MEET messages to join the cluster
       Waiting for the cluster to join.....
       >>> Performing Cluster Check (using node 192.168.215.129:7000)
       M: 16518afbfcbd961aeb76ef1592007a3e7fe24b1b 192.168.215.129:7000
       slots:0-5460 (5461 slots) master
       1 additional replica(s)
       S: ea4519ff0083a13cef8262490ee9e61e5a4b14b1 192.168.215.129:7002
       slots: (0 slots) slave
       replicates 82c0e591b9bc7a289026dff2873a254d1c49d285
       S: f8192314d2232e12ba9f558e9ecbfcc890f4fb73 192.168.215.130:7005
       slots: (0 slots) slave
       replicates 524219969118a57ceaac753ecef7585f634cdf26
       S: baf74dd89c0605d2a71a8d1d3706005ff668563b 192.168.215.130:7004
       slots: (0 slots) slave
       replicates 16518afbfcbd961aeb76ef1592007a3e7fe24b1b
       M: 524219969118a57ceaac753ecef7585f634cdf26 192.168.215.129:7001
       slots:10923-16383 (5461 slots) master
       1 additional replica(s)
       M: 82c0e591b9bc7a289026dff2873a254d1c49d285 192.168.215.130:7003
       slots:5461-10922 (5462 slots) master
       1 additional replica(s)
       [OK] All nodes agree about slots configuration.
       >>> Check for open slots...
       >>> Check slots coverage...
       [OK] All 16384 slots covered.

> 解释下， –replicas 1 表示 自动为每一个master节点分配一个slave节点 上面有6个节点，程序会按照一定规则生成 3个master（主）3个slave(从)   
> 前面已经提醒过的 防火墙一定要开放监听的端口，否则会创建失败。

检查集群状态:

[root@zk1 src]# ./redis-trib.rb check 192.168.215.129:7002
       >>> Performing Cluster Check (using node 192.168.215.129:7002)
       S: ea4519ff0083a13cef8262490ee9e61e5a4b14b1 192.168.215.129:7002
       slots: (0 slots) slave
       replicates 82c0e591b9bc7a289026dff2873a254d1c49d285
       M: 82c0e591b9bc7a289026dff2873a254d1c49d285 192.168.215.130:7003
       slots:5461-10922 (5462 slots) master
       1 additional replica(s)
       S: baf74dd89c0605d2a71a8d1d3706005ff668563b 192.168.215.130:7004
       slots: (0 slots) slave
       replicates 16518afbfcbd961aeb76ef1592007a3e7fe24b1b
       M: 524219969118a57ceaac753ecef7585f634cdf26 192.168.215.129:7001
       slots:10923-16383 (5461 slots) master
       1 additional replica(s)
       M: 16518afbfcbd961aeb76ef1592007a3e7fe24b1b 192.168.215.129:7000
       slots:0-5460 (5461 slots) master
       1 additional replica(s)
       S: f8192314d2232e12ba9f558e9ecbfcc890f4fb73 192.168.215.130:7005
       slots: (0 slots) slave
       replicates 524219969118a57ceaac753ecef7585f634cdf26
       [OK] All nodes agree about slots configuration.
       >>> Check for open slots...
       >>> Check slots coverage...
       [OK] All 16384 slots covered.

> redis集群中数据分片是通过hash slot的方式实现的

# 测试集群 #

*  链接服务器

[root@zk1 src]# ./redis-cli -c -p 7000 -h 192.168.215.129
       192.168.215.129:7000>
       192.168.215.129:7000> cluster info
       cluster_state:ok
       cluster_slots_assigned:16384
       cluster_slots_ok:16384
       cluster_slots_pfail:0
       cluster_slots_fail:0
       cluster_known_nodes:6
       cluster_size:3
       cluster_current_epoch:6
       cluster_my_epoch:1
       cluster_stats_messages_sent:1502
       cluster_stats_messages_received:1502

*  set值

192.168.215.129:7000> set name lbl
       -> Redirected to slot [5798] located at 192.168.215.130:7003
       OK
       192.168.215.130:7003> get name
       "lbl"

可见，重定向到了130节点7003端口。   
原因是redis采用hash槽的方式分发key到不同节点，算法是crc(16)%16384。详细描述后续会单独写文章描述。   
**而且你会发现，当一次重定向以后，这个客户端就连接到了130:7003这个节点。**

## 测试一个master宕机 ##

> 将上面设置的`name`所在的`130:7003`kill掉，只剩了两个master和3个slave。你会发现`cluster_current_epoch`相比之前加了1，这是因为redis的主从关系，重新选了一次主。   
> 然后`get name`发现，重定向了`129:7002`这个节点。

[root@zk1 src]# ./redis-trib.rb check 192.168.215.129:7002
       >>> Performing Cluster Check (using node 192.168.215.129:7002)
       M: ea4519ff0083a13cef8262490ee9e61e5a4b14b1 192.168.215.129:7002
       slots:5461-10922 (5462 slots) master
       0 additional replica(s)
       S: baf74dd89c0605d2a71a8d1d3706005ff668563b 192.168.215.130:7004
       slots: (0 slots) slave
       replicates 16518afbfcbd961aeb76ef1592007a3e7fe24b1b
       M: 524219969118a57ceaac753ecef7585f634cdf26 192.168.215.129:7001
       slots:10923-16383 (5461 slots) master
       1 additional replica(s)
       M: 16518afbfcbd961aeb76ef1592007a3e7fe24b1b 192.168.215.129:7000
       slots:0-5460 (5461 slots) master
       1 additional replica(s)
       S: f8192314d2232e12ba9f558e9ecbfcc890f4fb73 192.168.215.130:7005
       slots: (0 slots) slave
       replicates 524219969118a57ceaac753ecef7585f634cdf26
       [OK] All nodes agree about slots configuration.
       >>> Check for open slots...
       >>> Check slots coverage...
       [OK] All 16384 slots covered.
       
       [root@zk1 src]# ./redis-cli -c -p 7000 -h 192.168.215.129
       192.168.215.129:7000> cluster info
       cluster_state:ok
       cluster_slots_assigned:16384
       cluster_slots_ok:16384
       cluster_slots_pfail:0
       cluster_slots_fail:0
       cluster_known_nodes:6
       cluster_size:3
       cluster_current_epoch:7
       cluster_my_epoch:1
       cluster_stats_messages_sent:2883
       cluster_stats_messages_received:2675
       192.168.215.129:7000> get name
       -> Redirected to slot [5798] located at 192.168.215.129:7002
       "lbl"

之所以会重定向到`129:7002`这个节点，是因为在kill之前`129:7002`是`130:7003`的slave：   
*下面这是在kill之前拷贝的`./redis-trib.rb check`的数据，注意`replicates`后的值*

1. `S: ea4519ff0083a13cef8262490ee9e61e5a4b14b1 192.168.215.129:7002`
       2. `replicates 82c0e591b9bc7a289026dff2873a254d1c49d285`
       3. `M: 82c0e591b9bc7a289026dff2873a254d1c49d285 192.168.215.130:7003`
       4. `slots:5461-10922 (5462 slots) master`

好了，今天就到这里，redis具体实现原理后续再讲。

[Redis _Hash]: http://blog.csdn.net/liubenlong007/article/details/53816561
[Redis_redis]: http://blog.csdn.net/liubenlong007/article/details/53838737
[Redis_redis_lua]: http://blog.csdn.net/liubenlong007/article/details/53816087
[Redis_jedis]: http://blog.csdn.net/liubenlong007/article/details/53815968
[Redis_redis 1]: http://blog.csdn.net/liubenlong007/article/details/53782934
[Redis_jedis_JedisCluster_Redis_ redis-cluster]: http://blog.csdn.net/liubenlong007/article/details/53766734
[redis]: http://blog.csdn.net/liubenlong007/article/details/53690312
[redis 1]: http://blog.csdn.net/liubenlong007/article/details/53690103
[redis_JedisCluster _ redis 3.2.5]: http://blog.csdn.net/liubenlong007/article/details/53689306
[redis_redis3.2.5]: http://blog.csdn.net/liubenlong007/article/details/53471459
[spring-data-redis_incr]: http://blog.csdn.net/liubenlong007/article/details/77817742
[https_gems.ruby-china.org]: https://gems.ruby-china.org/