Linux操作系统中如何安装二进制版的MySQL数据库

短命女 2022-07-14 14:54 114阅读 0赞

转载： [点击查看原文链接][Link 1]

首先打击我的就是rpm安装，它告诉我发现了Mysql版本冲突，安装无法继续。我用rpm -q 查询后，想通过rpm -e 来删除系统自带的版本(3.x.x)，但是rpm又无情的返回了一大堆其他的错误，由于和其他软件的一些关联，那个3.x.x无法被删除。原先对rpm的美好感觉，就在这瞬间消失的无影无踪。

“三人行，必有我师。”，我立刻上MSN找到了alin，当我问他如何用rpm卸载mysql或者升级时，这个家伙竟然幸灾乐祸的告诉我，他用那个 “Debian”只用1分钟就升级好了，最后还告诉我说他“不会”用rpm，然后还不停的贼笑。我知道丫报复我呢，上回不停的向我推荐那个 “Debian”，我一直没甩他，这回给他找到机会了。其实我也觉得“Debian”是不错，就是读起来太难听了。。。。  
  
　　既然rpm无法继续，只好退而求其次。我这次选择了二进制的安装包。再通过 [google][] 中找到一位先驱者的安装笔记，作为参考。然后沿着前人的足迹快速的走了一下，又鼻青脸肿的被弹了回来，前人的经验不适合我，看来世上果然没有银弹。  
  
　　看来心浮气躁是无法解决问题了，干脆静下心来，又找到不少关于MySQL安装的介绍文章。多次尝试之后，终于在荆棘丛中觅得一条小径......

<table style="word-wrap:break-word; empty-cells:show; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid rgb(227,237,245); table-layout:auto; width:528px; color:rgb(68,68,68); font-family:Tahoma,&quot;Microsoft Yahei&quot;,Simsun; font-size:14px"> 
 <tbody style="word-wrap:break-word"> 
 <tr style="word-wrap:break-word"> 
 <td style="word-wrap:break-word; font-size:14px; padding:4px; border:1px solid rgb(227,237,245); overflow:hidden"> 1.</td> 
 <td style="word-wrap:break-word; font-size:14px; padding:4px; border:1px solid rgb(227,237,245); overflow:hidden"> <a href="http://www.mysql.com/" style="word-wrap:break-word; color:rgb(51,102,153)" rel="nofollow">http://www.mysql.com</a>下载二进制版的Mysql安装包</td> 
 <td style="word-wrap:break-word; font-size:14px; padding:4px; border:1px solid rgb(227,237,245); overflow:hidden"> //这个MYSQL是二进制版的,不用编译</td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style="word-wrap:break-word"> 
 <td style="word-wrap:break-word; font-size:14px; padding:4px; border:1px solid rgb(227,237,245); overflow:hidden"> 2.</td> 
 <td style="word-wrap:break-word; font-size:14px; padding:4px; border:1px solid rgb(227,237,245); overflow:hidden"> # chmod 755 mysql-standard-5.0.15-linux-gnu-i686-glibc23.tar.gz </td> 
 <td style="word-wrap:break-word; font-size:14px; padding:4px; border:1px solid rgb(227,237,245); overflow:hidden"> //</td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style="word-wrap:break-word"> 
 <td style="word-wrap:break-word; font-size:14px; padding:4px; border:1px solid rgb(227,237,245); overflow:hidden"> 3.</td> 
 <td style="word-wrap:break-word; font-size:14px; padding:4px; border:1px solid rgb(227,237,245); overflow:hidden"> # tar xfz mysql-standard-5.0.15-linux-gnu-i686-glibc23.tar.gz</td> 
 <td style="word-wrap:break-word; font-size:14px; padding:4px; border:1px solid rgb(227,237,245); overflow:hidden"> //将解压后生成的目录,复制到/usr/local/下并改名为mysql</td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style="word-wrap:break-word"> 
 <td style="word-wrap:break-word; font-size:14px; padding:4px; border:1px solid rgb(227,237,245); overflow:hidden"> 4.</td> 
 <td style="word-wrap:break-word; font-size:14px; padding:4px; border:1px solid rgb(227,237,245); overflow:hidden"> # groupadd mysql # useradd mysql -g mysql</td> 
 <td style="word-wrap:break-word; font-size:14px; padding:4px; border:1px solid rgb(227,237,245); overflow:hidden"> // 建立mysql组 //建立mysql用户并且加入到mysql组中</td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style="word-wrap:break-word"> 
 <td style="word-wrap:break-word; font-size:14px; padding:4px; border:1px solid rgb(227,237,245); overflow:hidden"> 5.</td> 
 <td style="word-wrap:break-word; font-size:14px; padding:4px; border:1px solid rgb(227,237,245); overflow:hidden"> # cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf&nbsp; </td> 
 <td style="word-wrap:break-word; font-size:14px; padding:4px; border:1px solid rgb(227,237,245); overflow:hidden"> 在 support-files目录下有4个模版文件，我们选择其中一个座位Mysql的配置文件，覆盖/etc/my.cnf(系统默认的配置，其中设置了性能参数和Mysql的一些路径参数)</td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style="word-wrap:break-word"> 
 <td style="word-wrap:break-word; font-size:14px; padding:4px; border:1px solid rgb(227,237,245); overflow:hidden"> 6.</td> 
 <td style="word-wrap:break-word; font-size:14px; padding:4px; border:1px solid rgb(227,237,245); overflow:hidden"> # cd /usr/local/mysql # ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql&nbsp; </td> 
 <td style="word-wrap:break-word; font-size:14px; padding:4px; border:1px solid rgb(227,237,245); overflow:hidden"> 进入mysql目录&nbsp; //初试化表并且规定用mysql用户来访问。初始化表以后就开始给mysql和root用户设定访问权限</td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style="word-wrap:break-word"> 
 <td style="word-wrap:break-word; font-size:14px; padding:4px; border:1px solid rgb(227,237,245); overflow:hidden"> 7.</td> 
 <td style="word-wrap:break-word; font-size:14px; padding:4px; border:1px solid rgb(227,237,245); overflow:hidden"> # chown -R root .</td> 
 <td style="word-wrap:break-word; font-size:14px; padding:4px; border:1px solid rgb(227,237,245); overflow:hidden"> //设定root能访问/usr/local/mysql</td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style="word-wrap:break-word"> 
 <td style="word-wrap:break-word; font-size:14px; padding:4px; border:1px solid rgb(227,237,245); overflow:hidden"> 8.</td> 
 <td style="word-wrap:break-word; font-size:14px; padding:4px; border:1px solid rgb(227,237,245); overflow:hidden"> # chown -R mysql data&nbsp; </td> 
 <td style="word-wrap:break-word; font-size:14px; padding:4px; border:1px solid rgb(227,237,245); overflow:hidden"> //设定mysql用户能访问/usr/local/mysql/data ,里面存的是mysql的数据库文件.这个目录是在/etc/my.cnf中有配置，在mysql_install_db时产生。&nbsp; </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style="word-wrap:break-word"> 
 <td style="word-wrap:break-word; font-size:14px; padding:4px; border:1px solid rgb(227,237,245); overflow:hidden"> 9.</td> 
 <td style="word-wrap:break-word; font-size:14px; padding:4px; border:1px solid rgb(227,237,245); overflow:hidden"> # chown -R mysql data/.&nbsp; </td> 
 <td style="word-wrap:break-word; font-size:14px; padding:4px; border:1px solid rgb(227,237,245); overflow:hidden"> //设定mysql用户能访问/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql下的所有文件&nbsp; </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style="word-wrap:break-word"> 
 <td style="word-wrap:break-word; font-size:14px; padding:4px; border:1px solid rgb(227,237,245); overflow:hidden"> 10.</td> 
 <td style="word-wrap:break-word; font-size:14px; padding:4px; border:1px solid rgb(227,237,245); overflow:hidden"> # chgrp -R mysql . </td> 
 <td style="word-wrap:break-word; font-size:14px; padding:4px; border:1px solid rgb(227,237,245); overflow:hidden"> //设定mysql组能够访问/usr/local/mysql</td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style="word-wrap:break-word"> 
 <td style="word-wrap:break-word; font-size:14px; padding:4px; border:1px solid rgb(227,237,245); overflow:hidden"> 11.</td> 
 <td style="word-wrap:break-word; font-size:14px; padding:4px; border:1px solid rgb(227,237,245); overflow:hidden"> # /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &amp; </td> 
 <td style="word-wrap:break-word; font-size:14px; padding:4px; border:1px solid rgb(227,237,245); overflow:hidden"> 运行mysql 如果没有问题的话,应该会出现类似这样的提示: [1] 42264 # Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /usr/local/mysql/var&nbsp; 如果出现 mysql ended这样的语句，表示Mysql没有正常启动，你可以到log中查找问题，Log文件的通常在/etc/my.cnf中配置。大多数问题是权限设置不正确引起的。</td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style="word-wrap:break-word"> 
 <td style="word-wrap:break-word; font-size:14px; padding:4px; border:1px solid rgb(227,237,245); overflow:hidden"> 12.</td> 
 <td style="word-wrap:break-word; font-size:14px; padding:4px; border:1px solid rgb(227,237,245); overflow:hidden"> 用如下命令修改MYSQL密码 # /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password yourpassword</td> 
 <td style="word-wrap:break-word; font-size:14px; padding:4px; border:1px solid rgb(227,237,245); overflow:hidden"> //默认安装密码为空，为了<a href="http://soft.yesky.com/security/" style="word-wrap:break-word; color:rgb(51,102,153)" rel="nofollow">安全</a>你必须马上修改.&nbsp; </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style="word-wrap:break-word"> 
 <td style="word-wrap:break-word; font-size:14px; padding:4px; border:1px solid rgb(227,237,245); overflow:hidden"> 13.</td> 
 <td style="word-wrap:break-word; font-size:14px; padding:4px; border:1px solid rgb(227,237,245); overflow:hidden"> # cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld&nbsp; # chmod 700 /etc/init.d/mysqld # chkconfig --add mysqld # chkconfig --level 345 mysqld on</td> 
 <td style="word-wrap:break-word; font-size:14px; padding:4px; border:1px solid rgb(227,237,245); overflow:hidden"> //copy编译目录的一个脚本&nbsp; //设置使mysql每次启动都能自动运行</td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style="word-wrap:break-word"> 
 <td style="word-wrap:break-word; font-size:14px; padding:4px; border:1px solid rgb(227,237,245); overflow:hidden"> 14.</td> 
 <td style="word-wrap:break-word; font-size:14px; padding:4px; border:1px solid rgb(227,237,245); overflow:hidden"> # service mysqld start # netstat -atln&nbsp; </td> 
 <td style="word-wrap:break-word; font-size:14px; padding:4px; border:1px solid rgb(227,237,245); overflow:hidden"> //启动mysqld服务 //查看3306端口是否打开。要注意在防火墙中开放该端口。</td> 
 </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

[Link 1]: http://www.mysqlpub.com/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=84&extra=page%3D2%26filter%3Dtypeid%26typeid%3D130
[google]: http://com.chinabyte.com/google/