使用Raspi-config配置工具来设置树莓派

傷城~ 2022-07-15 02:21 236阅读 0赞

Raspi-config（Raspberry Pi Software Configuration Tool）是树莓派的官方配置工具，使用它可以对树莓派进行很多的系统配置。比如扩展树莓派的根分区，设置启动树莓派时进入的界面，修改树莓派的默认用户密码、更改语言、设置时区、超频等等。下面就来学习一下。

# 一、进入Raspi-config #

在桌面环境下，pi启动时会自动进入Raspi-config配置环境；在终端或者远程链接的情况下，使用一下命令进入Raspi-config配置环境。

sudo Raspi-config

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使用sudo\_raspi-config进入配置界面

# 二、Raspi-config主要配置选项。 #

配置环境是一个蓝色的图形化界面，可以用光标进行上下移动，使用Esc退出设置。主要配置选项如下：

1 Expand Filesystem   Ensures that all of the SD card storage is available to the OS

2 Change User Password Change password for the default user (pi)

3 Boot Options Choose whether to boot into a desktop environment or the command line

4 Wait for Network at Boot Choose whether to wait for network connection during boot

5 Internationalisation Options Set up language and regional settings to match your location

6 Enable Camera Enable this Pi to work with the Raspberry Pi Camera

7 Add to Rastrack Add this Pi to the online Raspberry Pi Map (Rastrack)

8 Overclock Configure overclocking for your Pi

9 Advanced Options Configure advanced settings

10 About raspi-config Information about this configuration tool

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raspi-config配置界面

# 三、配置详解 #

## 1、 Expand Filesystem ##

此选项为扩展文件系统，在安装完系统后，可以看到，根目录只有 3.5G，而使用的存储卡是16G的，所以要使用这个选项来扩展文件系统，将树莓派的更分区扩展到整个SD卡，在这个选项上按回车即可。

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ df -h

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/root 3.5G 3.2G 97M 98% /

扩展完毕后提示如下，重启即可看到根分区已经扩展到整个SD卡了。

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扩展文件系统完毕

## 2、 Change User Password ##

改变树莓派默认用户pi的密码，回车后输入新密码即可。

## 3、 Boot Options ##

启动时进入的环境选择，可以选择进入桌面环境或者字符环境。共有四个选择，可以按照实际情况来选择配置，这里我选择的是 B3 Desktop Desktop GUI, requiring user to login。

*  B1 Console Text console, requiring user to login
 *  B2 Console Autologin Text console, automatically logged in as ‘pi’ user
 *  B3 Desktop Desktop GUI, requiring user to login
 *  B4 Desktop Autologin Desktop GUI, automatically logged in as ‘pi’ user

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Choose whether to boot into a desktop environment or the command line

## 4、Wait for Network at Boot ##

这个选项是开机时是否等待网络连接，具体是干什么的我也不知道，大家有知道的可以告诉我。选项如下：

*  Chose boot option
 *  Fast Boot without waiting for network connection
 *  Slow Wait for network connection before completing boot

## 5 Internationalisation Options ##

国际化选项，可以更改默认语言，同时可以更改时区。

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国际化选项

### I1 Change Locale ###

区域和语言选择，这里建议不要修改，使用默认的设置就行，如果改为中文，使用是可能会出现乱码现象，建议不要修改的好，毕竟pi上的英语不是很难理解。

### I2 Change Timezone ###

设置时区，如果树莓派上显示的时间不准确，选择中国的时区就可以解决这个问题。

选择Asia然后再选择Shanghai就可以解决树莓派上显示的时间不准确。

### I3 Change Keyboard Layout ###

改变键盘布局，这里一般不用更改，选择默认的即可。

## 6、 Enable Camera ##

启动树莓派的摄像头模块，如果安装了树莓派的摄像头模块，可以选择Enable启用，否则选择disable即可禁用。

## 7、 Add to Rastrack ##

把你pi 的地理信息添加到地图，建议不用开启，免得泄漏自己信息，不过你要是开启的话也无所谓了。

## 8、Overclock ##

超频设置，平常一般不建议超频，如果觉得树莓派的性能太弱，自己需要用到超频的情况下，可以根据自己的需求选择合适的超频选项。共有6个超频选项。

*      None 700MHz ARM, 250MHz core, 400MHz SDRAM, 0 overvolt
 *      Modest 800MHz ARM, 250MHz core, 400MHz SDRAM, 0 overvolt
 *      Medium 900MHz ARM, 250MHz core, 450MHz SDRAM, 2 overvolt
 *      High 950MHz ARM, 250MHz core, 450MHz SDRAM, 6 overvolt
 *      Turbo 1000MHz ARM, 500MHz core, 600MHz SDRAM, 6 overvolt
 *      Pi2 1000MHz ARM, 500MHz core, 500MHz SDRAM, 2 overvolt

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超频选项

## 9 Advanced Options ##

高级设置

### A1 Overscan ###

是否让内容全屏显示

### A2 Hostname ###

设置主机名称

### A3 Memory Split ###

内存分派，选择给GPU多少的内存

### A4 SSH ###

是否开启SSH连接

### A5 Device Tree ###

是否启用设备树（Device Tree）

### A6 SPI ###

是否默认启动SPI内核驱动

### A7 I2C ###

是否开启I2C接口

### A8 Serial ###

是否开启串口

### A9 Audio ###

选择声音默认输出是模拟口还是HDMI口，也可以选择 Auto 模式，会自动选择。

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audio output选择

### 10 About raspi-config ###

raspi-config的相关信息。

> This tool provides a straight-forward way of doing initial
> 
> configuration of the Raspberry Pi. Although it can be run
> 
> at any time, some of the options may have difficulties if
> 
> you have heavily customised your installation.

### A10 Update ###

将Raspi-config（Raspberry Pi Software Configuration Tool）这个工具升级到最新版