URL类的使用

朴灿烈づ我的快乐病毒、 2022-07-15 08:10 237阅读 0赞

# URL类的常用方法 #

类 URL 代表一个统一资源定位符，它是指向互联网“资源”的指针。资源可以是简单的文件或目录，也可以是对更为复杂的对象的引用，例如对数据库或搜索引擎的查询。

URL baidu = new URL("http://www.baidu.com");
            //主机名？后面为参数信息，#锚点
            URL url = new URL(baidu,"/index.html?username=tom#test");
            System.out.println("协议："+url.getProtocol());
            System.out.println("主机名："+url.getHost());
            System.out.println("锚点："+url.getRef());
            System.out.println("查询信息："+url.getQuery());

## GET提交的使用方法 ##

URL url = new URL("http://www.weather.com.cn/data/cityinfo/101180501.html");
                    URLConnection conn = url.openConnection();
                    InputStream is = conn.getInputStream();
    // InputStream is = url.openStream();//获取从该URL中读取的数据
                    InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(is,"utf-8");//字节流转换为字符流
                    BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(isr);//为字符流添加缓冲区
                    String mess ;
                    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();//每次读取的信息拼接到StringBuilder
                    while((mess=br.readLine())!=null){
                        sb.append(mess);
                    }
    
    
                    System.out.println(sb.toString());
    
    // FileWriter fw = new FileWriter("F:\\hzw.jpg");
    // fw.write(sb.toString());
    
                    //关闭资源
    // fw.close();
                    br.close();
                    isr.close();
                    is.close();

## POST提交的使用方法 ##

URL url = new URL("http://fanyi.youdao.com/openapi.do");
            HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
    //      System.out.println("请求方式："+conn.getRequestMethod());
    //      System.out.println("状态码："+conn.getResponseCode());
    //      System.out.println("相应消息："+conn.getResponseMessage());
            conn.setRequestProperty("encoding", "utf-8");//设置编码
            conn.setDoInput(true);//打开输入流
            conn.setDoOutput(true);//打开输出流
            conn.setRequestMethod("POST");//设置访问方式
    
            OutputStream os = conn.getOutputStream();
            OutputStreamWriter osw = new OutputStreamWriter(os);
            BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(osw);
    
            bw.write("keyfrom=huosensen&key=1871355394&type=data&doctype=xml&version=1.1&q=welcome");
            bw.flush();
    
            InputStream is = conn.getInputStream();
            InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(is,"utf-8");
            BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(isr);
            String mess ;
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
            while((mess=br.readLine())!=null){
                sb.append(mess);
            }
    
            br.close();
            isr.close();
            is.close();
            bw.close();
            osw.close();
            os.close();
    
            System.out.println(sb.toString());

## 使用HttpClient实现GET提交 ##

//获取HttpClient对象
    HttpClient client = HttpClients.createDefault();
    HttpGet get = new HttpGet("http://www.baidu.com");
    //通过execute()方法获得HttpResponse对象
    HttpResponse response = client.execute(get);
    HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
    String str = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8");
    System.out.println(str);

## 使用HttpClient实现POST提交 ##

HttpClient client = HttpClients.createDefault();
                List<BasicNameValuePair> parameters = new ArrayList<>();
                parameters.add(new BasicNameValuePair("keyfrom", "dayanjing"));
                parameters.add(new BasicNameValuePair("key", "207268991"));
                parameters.add(new BasicNameValuePair("type", "data"));
                parameters.add(new BasicNameValuePair("doctype", "xml"));
                parameters.add(new BasicNameValuePair("version", "1.1"));
                parameters.add(new BasicNameValuePair("q", "welcome"));
    
                post.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(parameters, "UTF-8"));
                HttpResponse response = client.execute(post);
                HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
                String result = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8");
                System.out.println(result);

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