python scrapy 爬博客信息

桃扇骨 2022-07-16 04:50 252阅读 0赞

我又要来刷自己博客了，捂脸![害羞][shy.gif]

这次是用scrapy

先创建一个scrapy项目

命令：

scrapy startproject myblog

目录结构：

scrapy.cfg

myblog/

|----\_\_init\_\_.py

|----items.py

|----pipelines.py

|----settings.py

|----spiders/

|----\_\_init\_\_.py

settings.py中已经开启的参数：

BOT_NAME = 'myblog'
    
    SPIDER_MODULES = ['myblog.spiders']
    NEWSPIDER_MODULE = 'myblog.spiders'

ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = True

items.py编写，我只要一个找博客中的title：

from scrapy.item import Item,Field
    
    class MyblogItem(Item):
        # define the fields for your item here like:
        # name = scrapy.Field()
        # pass
        title = Field()

pipelines.py编写，将内容写进文件中：

import json
    import codecs
    
    class MyblogPipeline(object):
        def __init__(self):
            self.file = codecs.open('myblog_title_utf8.json', 'wb', encoding='utf-8')
    
        def process_item(self, item, spider):
            line = json.dumps(dict(item)) + '\n'
            self.file.write(line.decode('unicode_escape'))
            return item

在 settings.py中开启：

ITEM_PIPELINES = {
       'myblog.pipelines.MyblogPipeline': 300,
    }

spiders目录下新建  myblog\_spider.py编写爬虫程序：

from scrapy.spiders import Spider
    from scrapy.selector import Selector
    from myblog.items import MyblogItem
    from myblog.pipelines import MyblogPipeline
    
    from scrapy.http import Request
    
    from bs4 import BeautifulSoup, NavigableString
    
    class MyBlogSpider(Spider):
        name = 'myblog'
        allowed_domains = ["blog.csdn.net"]
        start_urls = [
            "http://blog.csdn.net/u013055678?viewmode=contents"#起始页面url
        ]
    
        def parse(self, response):
            soup = BeautifulSoup(response.body, "lxml")
            page_div = soup.find_all("span", {"class": "link_title"})#从起始页中找出所有博客url
            for url in page_div:
                a_url = "http://blog.csdn.net" + url.find("a").attrs["href"]
                print ">>newsurl: %s" % a_url
                yield Request(a_url, callback=self.parse_item)#将博客url打开传给回调函数
    
        def parse_item(self, response):
            items = []
            item = MyblogItem()
            soup = BeautifulSoup(response.body, "lxml")
            class_div = soup.find("span", {"class": "link_title"}).text.strip()#找出博客的标题
            item['title'] = class_div
            items.append(item)
            print(item)
            return items

运行命令：

scrapy crawl myblog

打开myblog\_title\_utf8.json，结果保存在里面

结果：

{"title": "python queue和多线程的爬虫 与 JoinableQueue和多进程的爬虫"}
    {"title": "21天学通Java学习笔记-Day05"}
    {"title": "21天学通Java学习笔记-Day06"}
    {"title": "21天学通Java学习笔记-Day04"}
    {"title": "21天学通Java学习笔记-Day09(IO流)"}
    {"title": "21天学通Java学习笔记-Day07(异常-断言-线程)"}
    {"title": "21天学通Java学习笔记-Day11(常用类)"}
    {"title": "21天学通Java学习笔记-Day10(网路编程)"}
    {"title": "21天学通Java学习笔记-Day13(javascript-ajax)"}
    {"title": "用python将SQL格式文件改成自己想要的格式"}
    {"title": "21天学通Java学习笔记-Day14(Tomcar-Servlet-JSP)"}
    {"title": "21天学通Java学习笔记-Day08(数据结构)"}
    {"title": "python解决一些错误换行问题"}
    {"title": "python批量删除文件"}
    {"title": "21天学通Java学习笔记-Day12(MYsql-JDBC)"}
    {"title": "python 网站爬虫 下载在线盗墓笔记小说到本地的脚本"}
    {"title": "21天学通Java学习笔记-Day01"}
    {"title": "21天学通Java学习笔记-Day02"}
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    {"title": "flask笔记：4：web表单"}
    {"title": "flask笔记：5：数据库"}
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    {"title": "flask笔记：7：用户资料信息页和头像"}
    {"title": "flask笔记：8：修复BUG"}
    {"title": "flask笔记：后记(附代码)"}
    {"title": "python爬虫：案例三：去哪儿酒店价格信息"}
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    {"title": "django学习笔记2：基本命令"}
    {"title": "django学习笔记3:视图与路由"}
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    {"title": "django学习笔记7：django和celery实现异步"}
    {"title": "flask笔记：9：蓝图"}
    {"title": "flask笔记：10：多线程模式"}
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[shy.gif]: /images/20220716/a778c641ab5849028e8e001a7063ee17.png