Spring-Boot - 初步搭建

ゞ浴缸里的玫瑰 2022-07-16 07:39 161阅读 0赞

official document：http://projects.spring.io/spring-boot/

项目代码： https://github.com/chenxing12/springboot-test

## 一、简介 ##

SpringMVC是非常伟大的框架，开源，发展迅速。优秀的设计必然会划分、解耦。所以，spring有很多子项目，比如core、context、bean、mvc等。这对知根底的人来说很简单明了，然而springmvc就是为了傻瓜式的操作而发明的。对于初学springmvc的人来说，想要入手就开发需要拷贝一连串的dependency而不知道这个是干嘛，不知道是不是少了依赖。像我刚接触springmvc的时候到处百度教程而发现各有不同，于是复制了一个又一个代码却不能自己设置，根本原因是不了解各个依赖的包。

Spring-Boot 正是为了解决繁复的代码配置而产生的。Spring-Boot 也是基于java-base 开发的代码，及不用xml文件配置，所有代码都由java来完成。还可以加入Groovy的动态语言执行。

## 二、搭建一个基本的web-mvc 项目 ##

### 2.1 Configure environment ###

*  java 1.8+
 *  maven 3.3+
 *  spring-boot 1.3.5
 *  idea 15
 *  Thymeleaf 3

### 2.2 Start ###

在idea中，选择new-》maven创建一个空的maven项目,比如名字springboot-test。

#### 2.2.1pom.xml ####

设定java版本：

添加依赖版本管理dependencyManagement

<dependencyManagement>
            <dependencies>
                <dependency>
                    
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
                    <version>1.3.5.RELEASE</version>
                    <type>pom</type>
                    <scope>import</scope>
                </dependency>
            </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

添加spring-web项目依赖

<dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

添加build-plugin

<build>
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                    <configuration>
                        <fork>true</fork>
                    </configuration>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
    
    </build>

如此，一个简单的restful的webservice的项目就搭建好了。如果想要支持视图渲染，即jsp、freeMark、velocity等，添加对应的依赖即可。比如，我使用Thymeleaf模板：

<dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
    </dependency>

#### 2.2.2 创建java代码 ####

如果新建项目的名字是：springboot-test. 则创建包springboot-test/src/main/java/com/test.

com.test是我们的基本包名。下面创建配置类com.test.AppConfig。

package com.test;
    
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    
    /**
     * Created by miaorf on 2016/6/19.
     */
    @SpringBootApplication
    public class AppConfig {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            SpringApplication.run(AppConfig.class);
        }
    }

@SpringBootApplication 标注启动配置入口，可以发现通过一个main方法启动。使用这个注解的类必须放置于最外层包中，因为默认扫描这个类以下的包。否则需要自己配置@ComponentScan。

这样，配置基本完成了。下面开发控制层controller：

创建com.test.controller.HelloController。

package com.test.controller;
    
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
    import org.springframework.ui.Model;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
    
    import java.util.HashMap;
    import java.util.Map;
    
    /**
     * Created by miaorf on 2016/6/19.
     */
    @Controller
    public class HelloController {
    
        @RequestMapping("/index")
        public String index(Model model){
    
            model.addAttribute("name","Ryan");
    
            return "index";
        }
    
    
        @RequestMapping("/json")
        @ResponseBody
        public Map<String,Object> json(){
            Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<String,Object>();
            map.put("name","Ryan");
            map.put("age","18");
            map.put("sex","man");
            return map;
        }
    }

创建视图代码：

视图默认放在springboot-test\\src\\main\\resources\\templates\*\*.

所以创建springboot-test\\src\\main\\resources\\templates\\index.html

<!DOCTYPE HTML>
    <html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
    <head>
        <title>Getting Started: Serving Web Content</title>
        <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
    </head>
    <body>
    <p th:text="'Hello, ' + ${name} + '!'" />
    </body>
    </html>

D:\\workspace\\springboot\\springboot-test\\src\\main\\webapp\\hello.html

<!DOCTYPE HTML>
    <html>
    <head>
        <title>Getting Started: Serving Web Content</title>
        <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
    </head>
    <body>
    
    hello, This is static page. not resolve by server, just the html.
    </body>
    </html>

#### 2.2.3 run ####

启动方式多种，可以启动main方法，也可以通过命令行启动：

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D:\temp\springboot-test>mvn spring-boot:run
    [INFO] Scanning for projects...
    [WARNING]
    [WARNING] Some problems were encountered while building the effective model for com.test:springboot-test:jar:1.0-SNAPSHOT
    [WARNING] 'build.plugins.plugin.version' for org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-maven-plugin is missing. @ line 49, column 21
    [WARNING]
    [WARNING] It is highly recommended to fix these problems because they threaten the stability of your build.
    [WARNING]
    [WARNING] For this reason, future Maven versions might no longer support building such malformed projects.
    [WARNING]
    [INFO]
    [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    [INFO] Building springboot-test 1.0-SNAPSHOT
    [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    [INFO]
    [INFO] >>> spring-boot-maven-plugin:1.3.5.RELEASE:run (default-cli) > test-compile @ springboot-test >>>
    [INFO]
    [INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ springboot-test ---
    [WARNING] Using platform encoding (GBK actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
    [INFO] Copying 2 resources
    [INFO]
    [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ springboot-test ---
    [INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date
    [INFO]
    [INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:testResources (default-testResources) @ springboot-test ---
    [WARNING] Using platform encoding (GBK actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
    [INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory D:\temp\springboot-test\src\test\resources
    [INFO]
    [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ springboot-test ---
    [INFO] No sources to compile
    [INFO]
    [INFO] <<< spring-boot-maven-plugin:1.3.5.RELEASE:run (default-cli) < test-compile @ springboot-test <<<
    [INFO]
    [INFO] --- spring-boot-maven-plugin:1.3.5.RELEASE:run (default-cli) @ springboot-test ---
    [INFO] Attaching agents: []
    
      .   ____          _            __ _ _
     /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __  __ _ \ \ \ \
    ( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
     \\/  ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |  ) ) ) )
      '  |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
     =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
     :: Spring Boot ::        (v1.3.5.RELEASE)

浏览器访问：localhost:8080/index

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