MySQL Utilities工具包概述及安装

川长思鸟来 2022-07-16 08:48 386阅读 0赞

> MySQL Utilities 是一组基于python语言编写的python库的命令行实用工具集,依赖于python 2.6。该工具提供了MySQL数据库运维工程中常用的一些工具，诸如克隆、复制、比较、差异、导出、导入、安装、配置、索引、磁盘查看等等。有了这个工具包，就好比那些个神医大夫，不管大病小病，先去搞个化验，搞个CT，你也可以当华佗。MySQL Utilities提供了各种平台的软件包，如果没有找到对应自己平台的包，可以通过源码进行编译安装。本文主要描述MySQL Utilities安装以及各个工作功能初步描述。

## 一、MySQL Utilities功能及组件 ##

Binary Log Operations(二进制日志操作) 
            mysqlbinlogmove   二进制日志移动
            mysqlbinlogpurge  二进制日志清理
            mysqlbinlogrotate 二进制日志老化工具    
    
    Database Operations(数据库操作)
            mysqldbexport     数据导出
            mysqldbimport     数据导入
            mysqldbcopy       库级别数据库复制
            mysqldiff         数据库对象级别比较工具
            mysqldbcompare    数据库库级别比较工具
    
    General Operations(通用用的操作)     
            mysqldiskusage    磁盘空间查看
            mysqlfrm          恢复故障表.frm文件
            mysqluserclone    用户克隆工具
            mysqluc           Utilities帮助工具 
            mysqlindexcheck   索引检测工具
            mysqlmetagrep     元数据过滤器
            mysqlprocgrep     进程搜索及清理工具
    
    High Availability Operations(高可用)
        mysqlreplicate   主从复制工具
        mysqlrpladmin    主从复制管理工具
        mysqlrplcheck    主从复制检测工具
        mysqlrplms       主从多元复制工具
        mysqlrplshow     主从复制拓扑图工具
        mysqlrplsync     主从复制同步工具
        mysqlfailover    主从failover工具
        mysqlslavetrx    从库事务跳过工具 
    
    Server Operations(服务器操作)
            mysqlserverinfo    服务器信息查看工具
            mysqlserverclone   服务器克隆工具    
    
    Specialized Operations(特殊操作)
            mysqlauditadmin    审计管理工具 
            mysqlauditgrep     审计日志过滤工具

## 二、安装需求及下载地址 ##

需求
                Python 2.6
                MySQL Connector/Python 连接器
        下载地址：
                http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/utilities/

## 三、安装示例 ##

###本次安装使用1.6.4版本，安装前，需要先安装mysql到python连接器
    # cat /etc/redhat-release 
    CentOS release 6.7 (Final)
    # rpm -Uvh mysql-connector-python-2.1.4-1.el6.x86_64.rpm 
    # rpm -Uvh mysql-utilities-1.6.4-1.el6.noarch.rpm 
    
    ###如果没有安装连接器，则收到如下错误提示
    # rpm -Uvh mysql-utilities-1.6.4-1.el6.noarch.rpm 
    warning: mysql-utilities-1.6.4-1.el6.noarch.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
    error: Failed dependencies:
            mysql-connector-python >= 2.0.0 is needed by mysql-utilities-1.6.4-1.el6.noarch
    
    ###查看安装后生成的文件 
    # rpm -ql mysql-utilities-1.6.4-1.el6|grep "/usr/bin"
    /usr/bin/mysqlauditadmin
    /usr/bin/mysqlauditgrep
    /usr/bin/mysqlbinlogmove
    /usr/bin/mysqlbinlogpurge
    /usr/bin/mysqlbinlogrotate
    /usr/bin/mysqldbcompare
    /usr/bin/mysqldbcopy
    /usr/bin/mysqldbexport
    /usr/bin/mysqldbimport
    /usr/bin/mysqldiff
    /usr/bin/mysqldiskusage
    /usr/bin/mysqlfailover
    /usr/bin/mysqlfrm
    /usr/bin/mysqlgrants
    /usr/bin/mysqlindexcheck
    /usr/bin/mysqlmetagrep
    /usr/bin/mysqlprocgrep
    /usr/bin/mysqlreplicate
    /usr/bin/mysqlrpladmin
    /usr/bin/mysqlrplcheck
    /usr/bin/mysqlrplms
    /usr/bin/mysqlrplshow
    /usr/bin/mysqlrplsync
    /usr/bin/mysqlserverclone
    /usr/bin/mysqlserverinfo
    /usr/bin/mysqlslavetrx
    /usr/bin/mysqluc
    /usr/bin/mysqluserclone

## 四、获取帮助 ##

1、通过mysqluc获取帮助
    ###可以通过调用mysqluc命令行工具来获取这些工具的帮助信息
    ### mysqluc提供一个自带的命令行提示符窗口，在这个窗口下也可以完成相应的命令操作
    
    [root@node1 ~]# mysqluc
    Launching console ...
    
    Welcome to the MySQL Utilities Client (mysqluc) version 1.6.4
    Copyright (c) 2010, 2016 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
    This is a release of dual licensed MySQL Utilities. For the avoidance of
    doubt, this particular copy of the software is released
    under the version 2 of the GNU General Public License.
    MySQL Utilities is brought to you by Oracle.
    
    Type 'help' for a list of commands or press TAB twice for list of utilities.
    
    mysqluc> help
    Command                 Description                                        
    ---------------------- ---------------------------------------------------
    help utilities          Display list of all utilities supported.           
    help <utility>          Display help for a specific utility.               
    show errors             Display errors captured during the execution of the
                            utilities.                                         
    clear errors            clear captured errors.                             
    show last error         Display the last error captured during the         
                            execution of the utilities                         
    help | help commands    Show this list.                                    
    exit | quit             Exit the console.                                  
    set <variable>=<value>  Store a variable for recall in commands.           
    show options            Display list of options specified by the user on   
                            launch.                                            
    show variables          Display list of variables.                         
    <ENTER>                 Press ENTER to execute command.                    
    <ESCAPE>                Press ESCAPE to clear the command entry.           
    <DOWN>                  Press DOWN to retrieve the previous command.       
    <UP>                    Press UP to retrieve the next command in history.  
    <TAB>                   Press TAB for type completion of utility, option,  
                            or variable names.                                 
    <TAB><TAB>              Press TAB twice for list of matching type          
                            completion (context sensitive).                    
    
    ###查看utilities包中所有的命令行工具
    mysqluc> help utilities 
    
    Utility            Description                                             
    ----------------- --------------------------------------------------------
    mysqlauditadmin    audit log maintenance utility                           
    mysqlauditgrep     audit log search utility                                
    mysqlbinlogmove    binary log relocate utility                             
    mysqlbinlogpurge   purges unnecessary binary log files                     
    mysqlbinlogrotate  rotates the active binary log file                      
    mysqldbcompare     compare databases for consistency                       
    mysqldbcopy        copy databases from one server to another               
    mysqldbexport      export metadata and data from databases                 
    mysqldbimport      import metadata and data from files                     
    mysqldiff          compare object definitions among objects where the      
                       difference is how db1.obj1 differs from db2.obj2        
    mysqldiskusage     show disk usage for databases                           
    mysqlfailover      automatic replication health monitoring and failover    
    mysqlfrm           show CREATE TABLE from .frm files                       
    mysqlgrants        display grants per object                               
    mysqlindexcheck    check for duplicate or redundant indexes                
    mysqlmetagrep      search metadata                                         
    mysqlprocgrep      search process information                              
    mysqlreplicate     establish replication with a master                     
    mysqlrpladmin      administration utility for MySQL replication            
    mysqlrplcheck      check replication                                       
    mysqlrplms         establish multi-source replication                      
    mysqlrplshow       show slaves attached to a master                        
    mysqlrplsync       replication synchronization checker utility             
    mysqlserverclone   start another instance of a running server              
    mysqlserverinfo    show server information                                 
    mysqlslavetrx      skip transactions on slaves                             
    mysqluserclone     clone a MySQL user account to one or more new users     
    
    ###也可直接在mysqluc提示符下输入 help command 来获取对应命令的帮助信息，如下
    mysqluc> help mysqlauditadmin 
    Usage: mysqlauditadmin --server=user:pass@host:port --show-options 
    # Author : Leshami
    # Blog : http://blog.csdn.net/leshami
    mysqlauditadmin - audit log maintenance utility 
    
    Options:
    Option                     Description                                     
    ------------------------- ------------------------------------------------
    --version show program's version number and exit 
    --help display this help message and exit 
    --license display program's license and exit 
    --server=SERVER connection information for the server in the 
                               form:                                           
                               <user>[:<password>]@<host>[:<port>][:<socket>]  
                               or <login-path>[:<port>][:<socket>] or <config- 
                               path>[<[group]>].                               
    --audit-log-name=LOG_NAME full path and file name for the audit log file. 
                               Used for stats and copy options.                
    --show-options display the audit log system variables. 
    --remote-login=RLOGIN user name and host to be used for remote login 
                               for copying log files. Format:                  
                               <user>:<host_or_ip> Password will be prompted.  
    --file-stats display the audit log file statistics. 
    --copy-to=COPY_LOCATION the location to copy the audit log file 
                               specified. The path must be locally accessible  
                               for the current user.                           
    --value=VALUE value used to set variables based on the command
                               specified. See --help for list per command. 
    --ssl-ca=SSL_CA path to a file that contains a list of trusted 
                               SSL CAs.                                        
    --ssl-cert=SSL_CERT name of the SSL certificate file to use for 
                               establishing a secure connection.               
    --ssl-key=SSL_KEY name of the SSL key file to use for establishing
                               a secure connection.                            
    --ssl=SSL specifies if the server connection requires use 
                               of SSL. If an encrypted connection cannot be    
                               established, the connection attempt fails. By   
                               default 0 (SSL not required).                   
    -v, --verbose control how much information is displayed. e.g.,
                               -v = verbose, -vv = more verbose, -vvv = debug  
                               Available Commands: copy - copy the audit log to
                               a locally accessible path policy - set the audit
                               log policy Values = ALL, NONE, LOGINS, QUERIES, 
                               DEFAULT rotate - perform audit log rotation     
                               rotate_on_size - set the rotate log size limit  
                               for auto rotation Values = 0, 4294967295    
    
    2、直接在shell提示符下获取命令帮助
    ###如下示例
    [root@node1 ~]# mysqlfailover --help|head
    MySQL Utilities mysqlfailover version 1.6.4 
    License type: GPLv2
    Usage: mysqlfailover --master=root@localhost --discover-slaves-login=root 
                    --candidates=root@host123:3306,root@host456:3306 
    
    mysqlfailover - automatic replication health monitoring and failover
    
    Options:
      --version show program's version number and exit
      --help display this help message and exit
      --license display program's license and exit 
    
    3、基于Linux man获取命令帮助
    ###如下示例
    root@node1 ~]# man mysqlfailover
    MYSQLFAILOVER(1)                MySQL Utilities               MYSQLFAILOVER(1)
    
    NAME
           mysqlfailover - Automatic replication master failover
    
    SYNOPSIS
           mysqlfailover [options]

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