Docker学习笔记1：CentOS7 下安装Docker

雨点打透心脏的1/2处 2022-07-17 00:07 227阅读 0赞

本文内容摘自官网：https://docs.docker.com/engine/installation/linux/centos/\#/create-a-docker-group

注：本文是介绍Linux 上的分布式版本CentOs上安装.

### 一、安装前的准备工作 ###

Docker 需要安装在64位系统的CentOS上，而且linux内核至少在3.10版本以上，这个版本的内核在CenOS7上运行. 所以只要安装一个CenOS7  64位的系统就可以了.作为学习，大家只需安装个虚拟机就OK.

可以通过uname  -r 来查看linux内核版本.

[root@localhost ~]# uname -r
    3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64

最后，建议你全面更新你的系统. 请记住，你已经完全修复任何潜在的内核bug.

### 二、安装Docker ###

有两种方式来安装Docker，这里只介绍其中的一种，通过yum来安装Docker.

**1、用一个用户登录你的机器，这个用户必须拥有sudo或root权限.**

**2、为了确保你的yum包是最新的，用下面脚本做下更新.**

[root@localhost ~]# sudo yum update

**3、加入yum repo**

$ sudo tee /etc/yum.repos.d/docker.repo <<-'EOF'
    [dockerrepo]
    name=Docker Repository
    baseurl=https://yum.dockerproject.org/repo/main/centos/7/
    enabled=1
    gpgcheck=1
    gpgkey=https://yum.dockerproject.org/gpg
    EOF

**4、安装Docker包**

$ sudo yum install docker-engine

**5、启动Docker守护进程**

$ sudo service docker start

**6、通过运行容器中的一个测试image，来验证你的Docker安装正确.**

$ sudo docker run hello-world
    Unable to find image 'hello-world:latest' locally
        latest: Pulling from hello-world
        a8219747be10: Pull complete
        91c95931e552: Already exists
        hello-world:latest: The image you are pulling has been verified. Important: image verification is a tech preview feature and should not be relied on to provide security.
        Digest: sha256:aa03e5d0d5553b4c3473e89c8619cf79df368babd1.7.1cf5daeb82aab55838d
        Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest
        Hello from Docker.
        This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.
    
        To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
         1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
         2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
                (Assuming it was not already locally available.)
         3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
                executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
         4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
                to your terminal.
    
        To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:
         $ docker run -it ubuntu bash
    
        For more examples and ideas, visit:
         http://docs.docker.com/userguide/

至此，Docker就已安装好了.

### 三、自动启动Docker ###

若要保证，你开机时，自动启动Docker，可以执行如下的命令：

[root@localhost ~]# sudo chkconfig docker on
    Note: Forwarding request to 'systemctl enable docker.service'.
    Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service.

### 四、Docker 卸载 ###

**1、列出你已安装的Docker package.**

[root@localhost ~]# yum list installed | grep docker
    docker-engine.x86_64                   1.12.1-1.el7.centos             @dockerrepo
    docker-engine-selinux.noarch           1.12.1-1.el7.centos             @dockerrepo

**2 、移除这个package**

$ sudo yum -y remove docker-engine.x86_64

这个命令没有移除images、containers、volumes或者你主机上用户创建的配置文件.

[root@localhost ~]# ll /var/lib/docker/
    total 4
    drwx------. 5 root root 4096 8月  23 10:03 containers
    drwx------. 5 root root   50 8月  23 09:30 devicemapper
    drwx------. 3 root root   25 8月  23 09:30 image
    drwxr-x---. 3 root root   18 8月  23 09:30 network
    drwx------. 2 root root    6 8月  23 09:30 swarm
    drwx------. 2 root root    6 8月  23 09:30 tmp
    drwx------. 2 root root    6 8月  23 09:30 trust
    drwx------. 2 root root   24 8月  23 09:30 volumes

**3、要删除所有的images、containers、volumes，运行如下命令.**

$ rm -rf /var/lib/docker

**4、查找和删除任何用户创建的配置文件.**