Lucene索引创建、查询与高亮

向右看齐 2022-08-01 11:25 176阅读 0赞

前面我们介绍少了Lucene的基本使用及中文分词，下面我以一个实例来看一下Lucene的使用方式。

**1.创建实例对象**

实例可以是文本文件、网页或数据库数据等，读取后创建索引文件，以People对象问获取的数据实体：

package cn.slimsmart.lucene.demo.example1;
 
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.List;
 
 public class People {
 
 	private String id;
 	private String name;
 	private String desc;
 	
 	public String getId() {
 		return id;
 	}
 	public void setId(String id) {
 		this.id = id;
 	}
 	public String getName() {
 		return name;
 	}
 	public void setName(String name) {
 		this.name = name;
 	}
 	public String getDesc() {
 		return desc;
 	}
 	public void setDesc(String desc) {
 		this.desc = desc;
 	}
 	
 	public static List<People> getInitList(){
 		List<People> list = new ArrayList<People>();
 		People user = new People();
 		user.setId("10001");
 		user.setName("张三");
 		user.setDesc("张三是个农民，勤劳致富，奔小康");
 		list.add(user);
 		user = new People();
 		user.setId("20001");
 		user.setName("李四");
 		user.setDesc("李四是个企业家，白手起家，致富一方");
 		list.add(user);
 		user = new People();
 		user.setId("11111");
 		user.setName("王五");
 		user.setDesc("王五好吃懒做，溜须拍马，跟着李四，也过着小康的日子");
 		list.add(user);
 		return list;
 	}
 }

**2.创建索引**

根据原数据生成索引文件

package cn.slimsmart.lucene.demo.example1;
 
 import java.io.File;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.List;
 
 import org.apache.lucene.analysis.Analyzer;
 import org.apache.lucene.document.Document;
 import org.apache.lucene.document.Field;
 import org.apache.lucene.document.StringField;
 import org.apache.lucene.document.TextField;
 import org.apache.lucene.index.IndexWriter;
 import org.apache.lucene.index.IndexWriterConfig;
 import org.apache.lucene.index.IndexWriterConfig.OpenMode;
 import org.apache.lucene.index.IndexableField;
 import org.apache.lucene.index.Term;
 import org.apache.lucene.store.Directory;
 import org.apache.lucene.store.FSDirectory;
 import org.apache.lucene.util.Version;
 import org.wltea.analyzer.lucene.IKAnalyzer;
 
 public class CreateIndex {
 
 	public static void write() throws Exception {
 		String indexDir = "src/main/resources";// 索引目录
 		// 内存
 		// RAMDirectory = new RAMDirectory();
 		Directory fsDirectory = FSDirectory.open(new File(indexDir));
 		IndexWriter fsIndexWriter = new IndexWriter(fsDirectory, getConfig());
 		fsIndexWriter.addDocuments(getData());
 		// 通过内存索引写入到文件中
 		// fsIndexWriter.addIndexes(new Directory[] { RAMDirectory });
 		fsIndexWriter.commit();
 		fsIndexWriter.close();
 		fsDirectory.close();
 	}
 
 	public static IndexWriterConfig getConfig() {
 		Analyzer analyzer = new IKAnalyzer(true);// 采用的分词器
 		IndexWriterConfig config = new IndexWriterConfig(Version.LUCENE_4_10_4, analyzer);
 		config.setOpenMode(OpenMode.CREATE_OR_APPEND);
 		return config;
 	}
 
 	public static Iterable<? extends Iterable<? extends IndexableField>> getData() {
 		List<Document> List = new ArrayList<Document>();
 		List<People> datas = People.getInitList();
 		for (People p : datas) {
 			Document doc = new Document();
 			// StoredField 仅仅存储，没有索引的
 			// intField LongField 这样字段用于排序和过滤
 			doc.add(new StringField("id", p.getId(), Field.Store.YES));
 			doc.add(new StringField("name", p.getName(), Field.Store.YES));
 			doc.add(new TextField("desc", p.getDesc(), Field.Store.YES));
 			List.add(doc);
 		}
 		return List;
 	}
 
 	public void deleteDoc(String id) {
 		try {
 			Analyzer analyzer = new IKAnalyzer(true);// 采用的分词器
 			String indexDir = "src/main/resources";// 索引目录
 			Directory dir = FSDirectory.open(new File(indexDir));
 			IndexWriterConfig iwc = new IndexWriterConfig(Version.LUCENE_4_10_4, analyzer);
 			iwc.setOpenMode(OpenMode.CREATE_OR_APPEND);
 			IndexWriter writer = new IndexWriter(dir, iwc);
 			writer.deleteDocuments(new Term("id", id));
 			//更新索引
 			//writer.updateDocument(term, doc);
 			writer.commit();
 			writer.close();
 			dir.close();
 		} catch (IOException e) {
 			e.printStackTrace();
 		}
 	}
 }

**3.搜索**

通过关键词，同时搜索多个多个field。

package cn.slimsmart.lucene.demo.example1;
 
 import java.io.File;
 import java.io.StringReader;
 
 import org.apache.lucene.analysis.Analyzer;
 import org.apache.lucene.analysis.TokenStream;
 import org.apache.lucene.document.Document;
 import org.apache.lucene.index.DirectoryReader;
 import org.apache.lucene.queryparser.classic.MultiFieldQueryParser;
 import org.apache.lucene.queryparser.classic.QueryParser;
 import org.apache.lucene.search.IndexSearcher;
 import org.apache.lucene.search.Query;
 import org.apache.lucene.search.ScoreDoc;
 import org.apache.lucene.search.TopDocs;
 import org.apache.lucene.search.highlight.Formatter;
 import org.apache.lucene.search.highlight.Fragmenter;
 import org.apache.lucene.search.highlight.Highlighter;
 import org.apache.lucene.search.highlight.QueryScorer;
 import org.apache.lucene.search.highlight.Scorer;
 import org.apache.lucene.search.highlight.SimpleFragmenter;
 import org.apache.lucene.search.highlight.SimpleHTMLFormatter;
 import org.apache.lucene.store.Directory;
 import org.apache.lucene.store.FSDirectory;
 import org.wltea.analyzer.lucene.IKAnalyzer;
 
 public class SearchKeyword {
 
 	public static void search(String queryString) throws Exception {
 		String[] fields = { "id", "name", "desc" };
 		String indexDir = "src/main/resources";// 索引目录
 		Analyzer analyzer = new IKAnalyzer(true);// 采用的分词器
 
 		QueryParser queryParse = new MultiFieldQueryParser(fields, analyzer);
 		queryParse.setPhraseSlop(3);
 		Query query = queryParse.parse(queryString);
 		Directory directory = FSDirectory.open(new File(indexDir));
 		DirectoryReader directoryReader = DirectoryReader.open(directory);
 		IndexSearcher isearcher = new IndexSearcher(directoryReader);
 		/**
 		 * 排序
 		 * Sort sort=new Sort(new SortField("birthdays",Type.STRING,false));
 		 * TopDocs topDocs = isearcher.search(query, filter, topnum, sort)
 		 * 
 		 * 分页：
 		 * TopFieldCollector c = TopFieldCollector.create(sort, first+end, false, false, false, false);
 		 * isearcher.search(query, c);
 		 * ScoreDoc[] hits = c.topDocs(first, end).scoreDocs;
 		 */
 				
 		TopDocs topDocs = isearcher.search(query, null, 1000);
 		
 		// 高亮设置
 		Formatter formatter = new SimpleHTMLFormatter("", "");
 		/*
 		 * Term term = new Term(USERNAME, content); query = new TermQuery(term);
 		 */
 		Scorer scorer = new QueryScorer(query);
 		Highlighter highlighter = new Highlighter(formatter, scorer);
 		Fragmenter fragmenter = new SimpleFragmenter(100);// 设置每次返回的字符数
 		highlighter.setTextFragmenter(fragmenter);
 
 		System.out.println("总共有[" + topDocs.totalHits + "]条匹配结果");
 		for (ScoreDoc scoreDoc : topDocs.scoreDocs) {
 			System.out.println("-------------------------");
 			Document doc = isearcher.doc(scoreDoc.doc);
 			System.out.println(doc.get("desc"));
 			TokenStream tokenStream = analyzer.tokenStream("desc",new StringReader(doc.get("desc"))); 
 			String str = highlighter.getBestFragment(tokenStream, doc.get("desc")); 
 			System.out.println(str);
 			String desc = highlighter.getBestFragment(analyzer,"desc", doc.get("desc"));
 			System.out.println(desc);
 			System.out.println("-------------------------");
 		}
 		directoryReader.close();
 		directory.close();
 	}
 
 }

运行：

System.out.println("创建索引开始");
    CreateIndex.write();
    System.out.println("搜索--Keyword");
    SearchKeyword.search("小康");

可以看到结果：

创建索引开始
 加载扩展词典：ext.dic
 加载扩展停止词典：stopword.dic
 加载扩展停止词典：CH_stopword.dic
 搜索--Keyword
 总共有[1]条匹配结果
 -------------------------
 王五好吃懒做，溜须拍马，跟着李四，也过着小康的日子
 王五好吃懒做，溜须拍马，跟着李四，也过着小康的日子
 王五好吃懒做，溜须拍马，跟着李四，也过着小康的日子
 -------------------------

参考文章：

1.[lucene教程][lucene]  
2.[Lucene分页查询][Lucene]  
3.[Lucene3.5.0以上(包含3.5.0)版本自定义日期排序][Lucene3.5.0_3.5.0]  
4.[Lucene搜索方式大合集][Lucene 1]  
5.[lucene 查询+分页+排序][lucene 1]

6.[Lucene 3.6 中文分词、分页查询、高亮显示等][Lucene 3.6]

[lucene]: http://my.oschina.net/MrMichael/blog?catalog=471193
[Lucene]: http://www.cnblogs.com/linjiqin/archive/2013/06/09/3129193.html
[Lucene3.5.0_3.5.0]: http://www.cnblogs.com/linjiqin/archive/2013/06/09/3128234.html
[Lucene 1]: http://www.cnblogs.com/linjiqin/archive/2013/06/08/3125861.html
[lucene 1]: http://www.tuicool.com/articles/BzIf6n
[Lucene 3.6]: http://www.open-open.com/lib/view/open1347432540553.html