CentOS 6.3下部署LVS(NAT)+keepalived实现高性能高可用负载均衡

﹏ヽ暗。殇╰゛Y 2022-08-03 11:40 36阅读 0赞

**一、简介**

VS/NAT原理图：

![2012082012002614.gif][]

二、**系统环境**

实验拓扑：

![2012081717141291.jpg][]

系统平台：CentOS 6.3

Kernel：2.6.32-279.el6.i686

LVS版本：ipvsadm-1.26

keepalived版本：keepalived-1.2.4

**三、安装**

0、安装LVS前系统需要安装popt-static，kernel-devel，make，gcc，openssl-devel，lftp，libnl\*，popt\*

1、在两台Director Server上分别配置LVS+Keepalived

**LVS install -------------**

\[root@CentOS-LVS\_MASTER ~\]\# wget http://www.linuxvirtualserver.org/software/kernel-2.6/ipvsadm-1.26.tar.gz

\[root@CentOS-LVS\_MASTER ~\]\# ln -s /usr/src/kernels/2.6.32-279.el6.i686//usr/src/linux/

\[root@CentOS-LVS\_MASTER ~\]\# tar zxvf ipvsadm-1.26.tar.gz

\[root@CentOS-LVS\_MASTER ~\]\# cd ipvsadm-1.26

\[root@CentOS-LVS\_MASTER ipvsadm-1.26\]\# make && make install

**Keepalived install \-------------**

\[root@CentOS-LVS\_MASTER ~\]\# wget http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.2.4.tar.gz

\[root@CentOS-LVS\_MASTER ~\]\# tar zxvf keepalived-1.2.4.tar.gz

\[root@CentOS-LVS\_MASTER ~\]\# cd keepalived-1.2.4

\[root@CentOS-LVS\_MASTER keepalived-1.2.4\]\# ./configure && make && make install

\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\# 将keepalived做成启动服务，方便管理\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#

\[root@CentOS-LVS\_MASTER ~\]\# cp /usr/local/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/

\[root@CentOS-LVS\_MASTER ~\]\# cp /usr/local/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/

\[root@CentOS-LVS\_MASTER ~\]\# mkdir /etc/keepalived/

\[root@CentOS-LVS\_MASTER ~\]\# cp /usr/local/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/

\[root@CentOS-LVS\_MASTER ~\]\# cp /usr/local/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/

\[root@CentOS-LVS\_MASTER ~\]\# service keepalived start | stop

2、开启路由转发

\[root@CentOS-LVS\_MASTER ~\]\# vim /etc/sysctl.conf  
net.ipv4.ip\_forward = 1  
\[root@CentOS-LVS\_MASTER ~\]\# sysctl -p

3、配置Keepalived

\[root@CentOS-LVS\_MASTER ~\]\# less /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

! Configuration File for keepalived
    
    global_defs {
       router_id LVS_MASTER            #BACKUP上修改为LVS_BACKUP
    }
    
    vrrp_instance VI_1 {
        state MASTER                   #BACKUP上修改为BACKUP
        interface eth0
        virtual_router_id 51
        priority 100                   #BACKUP上修改为80
        advert_int 1
        authentication {
            auth_type PASS
            auth_pass 1111
        }
        virtual_ipaddress {
            10.0.0.227
        }
    }
    
    vrrp_instance LAN_GATEWAY {
        state MASTER                   #BACKUP上修改为LVS_BACKUP
        interface eth1
        virtual_router_id 52
        priority 100                   #BACKUP上修改为80
        advert_int 1
        authentication {
            auth_type PASS
            auth_pass 1111
        }
        virtual_ipaddress {
            192.168.10.10
        }
    }
    
    virtual_server 10.0.0.227 80 {
        delay_loop 6
        lb_algo rr
        lb_kind NAT
    #   persistence_timeout 5
        protocol TCP
    
        real_server 192.168.10.4 80 {
            weight 3
            TCP_CHECK {
                connect_timeout 3
                nb_get_retry 3
                delay_before_retry 3
                connect_port 80
            }
        }
        
        real_server 192.168.10.5 80 {
            weight 3
            TCP_CHECK {
                connect_timeout 3
                nb_get_retry 3
                delay_before_retry 3
                connect_port 80
            }
        }
    }

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

BACKUP服务器同上配置，先安装lvs再安装keepalived，然后配置/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf，只需将批注部分改一下即可。

4、分别在2台Real Server上面设置网关

把网关都设置成：192.168.10.10

5、在2台RealServer中分别配置HTTP

\[root@WEB1 ~\]\# yum -y install httpd  
\[root@WEB1 ~\]\# cd /var/www/html/  
\[root@WEB1 html\]\# cat index.html  
<h1>WEB1/192.168.10.4</h1>  
\[root@WEB1 html\]\# /etc/init.d/httpd start  
另一台机器配置一样，过程略。

6、分别在CentOS-LVS\_MASTER、CentOS-LVS\_BACKUP上执行service keepalived start启动keepalived就可实现负载均衡及高可用集群了；

\[root@CentOS-LVS\_MASTER keepalived\]\# service keepalived start

![2012082410252367.jpg][]

![2012082410270018.jpg][]

**四、测试**

**\#\#\#\#高可用性测试\#\#\#\#**

模拟故障，将CentOS-LVS\_MASTER上的keepalived服务停掉，然后观察CentOS-LVS\_BACKUP上的日志，信息如下

![lvs][]

从日志中可知，主机出现故障后，备机立刻检测到，此时备机变为MASTER角色，并且接管了主机的虚拟IP资源，最后将虚拟IP绑定在etho设备上。

将CentOS-LVS\_MASTER 上的keepalived服务开启后，CentOS-LVS\_BACKUP的日志状态。

![2012082410365890.jpg][]

从日志可知，备机在检测到主机重新恢复正常后，释放了虚拟IP资源重新成为BACKUP角色

**\#\#\#\#故障切换测试\#\#\#\#**

故障切换是测试当某个节点出现故障后，Keepalived监制模块是否能及时发现然后屏蔽故障节点，同时将服务器转移到正常节点来执行。

将WEB2节点服务停掉，假设这个节点出现故障，然后主、备机日志信息如下

![2012082410394133.jpg][]

![2012082410401438.jpg][]

从以上可以看出，Keepalived监控模块检测到192.168.10.5这台主机出现故障后，将WEB2从集群系统中剔除掉了。 此时访问http://10.0.0.227只能看到WEB1了)

![2012082410420635.jpg][]

重新启动WEB2节点的服务，日志信息如下：

![2012082410423552.jpg][]

![2012082410430629.jpg][]

Keepalived监控模块检测到192.168.10.5这台主机恢复正常后，又将此节点加入集群系统中，再次访问就可以访问到WEB2页面了）

![2012082410433584.jpg][]

**RHEL 5.4下部署LVS(DR)+keepalived实现高性能高可用负载均衡**

**[http://www.cnblogs.com/mchina/archive/2012/05/23/2514728.html][http_www.cnblogs.com_mchina_archive_2012_05_23_2514728.html]**

[2012082012002614.gif]: /images/20220731/59c5f51defc64784ae692669978433d1.png
[2012081717141291.jpg]: /images/20220731/7596ad29f75d4b82af5404d681d70f3c.png
[copycode.gif]: /images/20220731/6709fd3cfdae44789823cda66eb8a1d1.png
[2012082410252367.jpg]: /images/20220731/16159bb82957491ea7a39c2142be006c.png
[2012082410270018.jpg]: /images/20220731/1091f1a0a46f4fd9af86d899c40a810c.png
[lvs]: /images/20220731/1ff684e712f545f28f3d27eb4aea8278.png
[2012082410365890.jpg]: /images/20220731/d06837f941394890857e8919d337d0ff.png
[2012082410394133.jpg]: /images/20220731/73232a6d41334578a195e53950663abb.png
[2012082410401438.jpg]: /images/20220731/f984e2fb3b104d08a455dbdcb60c7516.png
[2012082410420635.jpg]: /images/20220731/854fbb2a9a424a3494ce277e6ebccc0b.png
[2012082410423552.jpg]: /images/20220731/38b0f294ba884c9bb96429a8116404c2.png
[2012082410430629.jpg]: /images/20220731/1a4c440bcba34d519d90015d4f76fef5.png
[2012082410433584.jpg]: /images/20220731/8aebc74a4292459ab6ae159940581d98.png
[http_www.cnblogs.com_mchina_archive_2012_05_23_2514728.html]: http://www.cnblogs.com/mchina/archive/2012/05/23/2514728.html