C++图像处理 -- 数据类型及公用函数

╰+攻爆jí腚メ 2022-08-05 04:20 187阅读 0赞

**阅读提示**：

**《[C++图像处理][C]》系列以代码清晰，可读性为主，全部使用C++代码。**

**《**[**Delphi图像处理**][Delphi]**》系列以效率为侧重点，一般代码为PASCAL，核心代码采用BASM。**

**尽可能保持二者内容一致，可相互对照。**

**因水平有限，错误在所难免，欢迎指正和指导。邮箱地址：**[**maozefa@hotmail.com**][maozefa_hotmail.com]

**这里可访问《[C++图像处理 -- 文章索引][C]》**

**[http://blog.csdn.net/maozefa/article/details/7188505][http_blog.csdn.net_maozefa_article_details_7188505]**

不经意间，用C++写了不少有关图像处理的文章，与《Delphi图像处理》系列文章相比，文章之间缺乏必要的联系性，因此有必要进行一些调整，并都纳入《C++图像处理系列》。

本文写了一个C++头文件**BmpData.h**，它包含了Gdiplus.h文件，并提供了几个最基础的函数。

以后，所有《C++图像处理》系列的文章都包含此头文件，并直接使用GDI+位图数据结构BitmapData类型处理图像。例子也以GDI+位图为主。

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1.  //---------------------------------------------------------------------------
2.  \#ifndef BmpDataH
3.  \#define BmpDataH
4.  
5.  \#include <windows.h>
6.  \#include <algorithm>
7.  **using** std::min; 
8.  **using** std::max; 
9.  \#include <gdiplus.h>
10. **using****namespace** Gdiplus; 
11. //---------------------------------------------------------------------------
12. 
13. \#define ScanAllocFlag 0x00000100
14. \#define PixelAlphaFlag 0x00010000
15. //---------------------------------------------------------------------------
16. 
17. // 定义象素插值方式
18. **typedef****enum**
19. \{ 
20.  InterpolateModeDefault, // 缺省为线形插值
21.  InterpolateModeNear, // 临近插值
22.  InterpolateModeBilinear,// 线形插值
23.  InterpolateModeBicubic // 双立方插值
24. \}InterpolateMode; 
25. 
26. **typedef****enum**
27. \{ 
28. // PixelFormatInValid,
29.  PixelFormat1bit, 
30.  PixelFormat4bit, 
31.  PixelFormat8bit, 
32.  PixelFormat15bit, 
33.  PixelFormat16bit, 
34.  PixelFormat24bit, 
35.  PixelFormat32bit 
36. \}ImagePixelFormat; 
37. 
38. // 定义ARGB像素结构
39. **typedef****union**
40. \{ 
41.  ARGB Color; 
42. **struct**
43.  \{ 
44. **BYTE** Blue; 
45. **BYTE** Green; 
46. **BYTE** Red; 
47. **BYTE** Alpha; 
48.  \}; 
49. \}ARGBQuad, \*PARGBQuad; 
50. //---------------------------------------------------------------------------
51. 
52. FORCEINLINE 
53. 
54. **VOID** SetAlphaFlag(BitmapData \*data, **BOOL** isAlpha) 
55. 
56. \{ 
57. 
58. **if** (isAlpha) data->Reserved |= PixelAlphaFlag; 
59. 
60. **else** data->Reserved &= ~PixelAlphaFlag; 
61. 
62. \} 
63. 
64. //---------------------------------------------------------------------------
65. 
66. FORCEINLINE 
67. **BOOL** HasAlphaFlag(CONST BitmapData \*data) 
68. \{ 
69. **return** (data->Reserved & PixelAlphaFlag) != 0; 
70. \} 
71. //---------------------------------------------------------------------------
72. 
73. FORCEINLINE 
74. **VOID** SetInterpolateMode(BitmapData \*data, InterpolateMode mode) 
75. \{ 
76.  data->Reserved = (data->Reserved & 0xffffff) | (mode << 24); 
77. \} 
78. //---------------------------------------------------------------------------
79. 
80. FORCEINLINE 
81. InterpolateMode GetInterpolateMode(CONST BitmapData \*data) 
82. 
83. \{ 
84. 
85. **return** (InterpolateMode)(data->Reserved >> 24); 
86. 
87. \} 
88. 
89. //---------------------------------------------------------------------------
90. 
91. 
92. // 锁定GDI+32位位图扫描线到data
93. FORCEINLINE 
94. **VOID** LockBitmap(Gdiplus::Bitmap \*bmp, BitmapData \*data) 
95. \{ 
96.  Gdiplus::Rect r(0, 0, bmp->GetWidth(), bmp->GetHeight()); 
97. **BOOL** hasAlpha = bmp->GetPixelFormat() & PixelFormatAlpha; 
98.  bmp->LockBits(&r, ImageLockModeRead | ImageLockModeWrite, 
99.  PixelFormat32bppARGB, data); 
100.  SetAlphaFlag(data, hasAlpha); 
101. \} 
102. //---------------------------------------------------------------------------
103. 
104. // GDI+位图扫描线解锁
105. FORCEINLINE 
106. **VOID** UnlockBitmap(Gdiplus::Bitmap \*bmp, BitmapData \*data) 
107. \{ 
108.  data->Reserved &= 0xff; 
109.  bmp->UnlockBits(data); 
110. \} 
111. //---------------------------------------------------------------------------
112. 
113. // 用给定的图像数据制造并返回与GDI+兼容的32位位图数据结构。
114. // 参数；宽度，高度，扫描线宽度，扫描线首地址，alpha标记，返回的位图数据结构指针。
115. // 注：如果stride=0，自动计算扫描线宽度
116. FORCEINLINE 
117. **VOID** GetBitmapData(**INT** width, **INT** height, **INT** stride, **LPVOID** scan0, 
118.  ImagePixelFormat format, **BOOL** isAlpha, BitmapData \*data) 
119. \{ 
120. **INT** bits\[\] = \{0x100, 0x400, 0x800, 0x1005, 0x1000, 0x1800, 0x2000\}; 
121. 
122.  data->Width = width; 
123.  data->Height = height; 
124.  data->Scan0 = scan0; 
125.  data->PixelFormat = bits\[format\]; 
126. **if** (stride) 
127.  data->Stride = stride; 
128. **else**
129.  data->Stride = (**INT**)((width \* (data->PixelFormat >> 8) + 31) & ~31) >> 3; 
130.  SetAlphaFlag(data, isAlpha); 
131. \} 
132. //---------------------------------------------------------------------------
133. 
134. // 用给定的宽度、高度和像素位数制造并返回新的与GDI+兼容的位图数据结构。
135. // 必须用FreeBitmapData释放
136. FORCEINLINE 
137. **VOID** GetBitmapData(**INT** width, **INT** height, ImagePixelFormat format, BitmapData \*data) 
138. \{ 
139.  GetBitmapData(width, height, 0, NULL, format, format == PixelFormat32bit, data); 
140.  data->Scan0 = GlobalLock(GlobalAlloc(GHND, data->Height \* data->Stride)); 
141. **if** (data->Scan0) data->Reserved |= ScanAllocFlag; 
142. \} 
143. //---------------------------------------------------------------------------
144. 
145. // 用给定的宽度和高度制造并返回新的与GDI+兼容的32位位图数据结构。
146. // 必须用FreeBitmapData释放
147. FORCEINLINE 
148. **VOID** GetBitmapData(**INT** width, **INT** height, BitmapData \*data) 
149. \{ 
150.  GetBitmapData(width, height, PixelFormat32bit, data); 
151. \} 
152. //---------------------------------------------------------------------------
153. 
154. // 获取32位子位图数据结构
155. FORCEINLINE 
156. **BOOL** GetBitmapData(CONST BitmapData \*data, **INT** x, **INT** y, **INT** width, **INT** height, BitmapData \*sub) 
157. \{ 
158.  width += x; 
159.  height += y; 
160. **if** (width > (**INT**)data->Width) 
161.  width = data->Width; 
162. **if** (height > (**INT**)data->Height) 
163.  height = data->Height; 
164. **INT** ScanOffset = 0; 
165. **if** (x > 0) 
166.  \{ 
167.  width -= x; 
168.  ScanOffset += (x << 2); 
169.  \} 
170. **if** (y > 0) 
171.  \{ 
172.  height -= y; 
173.  ScanOffset += (y \* data->Stride); 
174.  \} 
175.  sub->Scan0 = (**LPBYTE**)data->Scan0 + ScanOffset; 
176. **if** (width <= 0 || height <= 0) 
177. **return** FALSE; 
178.  sub->Width = width; 
179.  sub->Height = height; 
180.  sub->Stride = data->Stride; 
181.  sub->PixelFormat = data->PixelFormat; 
182.  sub->Reserved = data->Reserved & ~ScanAllocFlag; 
183. **return** TRUE; 
184. \} 
185. //---------------------------------------------------------------------------
186. 
187. // 如果data分配了扫描线内存，释放扫描线内存
188. FORCEINLINE 
189. **VOID** FreeBitmapData(BitmapData \*data) 
190. \{ 
191. **if** ((data->Reserved & ScanAllocFlag) && data->Scan0) 
192.  \{ 
193. **HGLOBAL** handle = GlobalHandle(data->Scan0); 
194. **if** (handle) 
195.  \{ 
196.  GlobalUnlock(handle); 
197.  GlobalFree(handle); 
198.  \} 
199.  data->Reserved = 0; 
200.  \} 
201. \} 
202. //---------------------------------------------------------------------------
203. 
204. // 获取32位位图数据拷贝参数
205. 
206. // 参数：目标数据，源数据，宽度，高度，目标扫描线，源扫描线，目标偏移，源偏移
207. 
208. FORCEINLINE 
209. 
210. **VOID** GetDataCopyParams(CONST BitmapData \*dest, CONST BitmapData \*source, 
211. 
212. **UINT** &width, **UINT** &height, PARGBQuad &dstScan0, PARGBQuad &srcScan0, 
213. 
214. **INT** &dstOffset, **INT** &srcOffset) 
215. 
216. \{ 
217. 
218.  width = dest->Width < source->Width? dest->Width : source->Width; 
219. 
220.  height = dest->Height < source->Height? dest->Height : source->Height; 
221.  dstScan0 = (PARGBQuad)dest->Scan0; 
222.  srcScan0 = (PARGBQuad)source->Scan0; 
223. 
224.  dstOffset = (dest->Stride >> 2) - (**INT**)width; 
225.  srcOffset = (source->Stride >> 2) - (**INT**)width; 
226. \} 
227. //---------------------------------------------------------------------------
228. 
229. // 获取并返回32位位图数据结构data的边框扩展图像数据结构。Radius：扩展半径
230. FORCEINLINE 
231. **VOID** GetExpendData(CONST BitmapData \*data, **UINT** radius, BitmapData \*exp) 
232. \{ 
233.  GetBitmapData(data->Width + (radius << 1), data->Height + (radius << 1), 
234.  PixelFormat32bit, exp); 
235.  SetAlphaFlag(exp, HasAlphaFlag(data)); 
236.  BitmapData sub; 
237.  PARGBQuad pd, ps; 
238. **UINT** width, height; 
239. **INT** dstOffset, srcOffset; 
240.  GetBitmapData(exp, radius, radius, data->Width, data->Height, &sub); 
241.  GetDataCopyParams(&sub, data, width, height, pd, ps, dstOffset, srcOffset); 
242.  PARGBQuad pt = pd - radius; 
243. **UINT** x, y; 
244. // 如果图像数据含Alpha，转换为PARGB像素格式
245. **if** (HasAlphaFlag(data)) 
246.  \{ 
247. **for** (y = 0; y < height; y ++, pd += dstOffset, ps += srcOffset) 
248.  \{ 
249. **for** (x = 0; x < width; x ++, pd ++, ps ++) 
250.  \{ 
251.  pd->Blue = (ps->Blue \* ps->Alpha + 127) / 255; 
252.  pd->Green = (ps->Green \* ps->Alpha + 127) / 255; 
253.  pd->Red = (ps->Red \* ps->Alpha + 127) / 255; 
254.  pd->Alpha = ps->Alpha; 
255.  \} 
256.  \} 
257.  \} 
258. // 否则, 直接像素拷贝
259. **else**
260.  \{ 
261. **for** (y = 0; y < height; y ++, pd += dstOffset, ps += srcOffset) 
262.  \{ 
263. **for** (x = 0; x < width; \*pd ++ = \*ps ++, x ++); 
264.  \} 
265.  \} 
266. // 扩展左右边框像素
267. **for** (y = 0, pd = pt; y < height; y ++) 
268.  \{ 
269. **for** (x = 0, ps = pd + radius; x < radius; \*pd ++ = \*ps, x ++); 
270. **for** (x = 0, pd += width, ps = pd - 1; x < radius; \*pd ++ = \*ps, x ++); 
271.  \} 
272. // 扩展头尾边框像素
273.  PARGBQuad pb = (PARGBQuad)((**LPBYTE**)pd - exp->Stride); 
274.  PARGBQuad pd0 = (PARGBQuad)exp->Scan0; 
275. **for** (y = 0; y < radius; y ++) 
276.  \{ 
277. **for** (x = 0; x < exp->Width; \*pd0 ++ = pt\[x\], \*pd ++ = pb\[x\], x ++); 
278.  \} 
279. \} 
280. //---------------------------------------------------------------------------
281. 
282. // PARGB格式转换成ARGB格式
283. FORCEINLINE 
284. **VOID** PArgbConvertArgb(BitmapData \*data) 
285. \{ 
286.  PARGBQuad p = (PARGBQuad)data->Scan0; 
287. **INT** dataOffset = (data->Stride >> 2) - (**INT**)data->Width; 
288. **for** (**UINT** y = 0; y < data->Height; y ++, p += dataOffset) 
289.  \{ 
290. **for** (**UINT** x = 0; x < data->Width; x ++, p ++) 
291.  \{ 
292.  p->Blue = p->Blue \* 255 / p->Alpha; 
293.  p->Green = p->Green \* 255 / p->Alpha; 
294.  p->Red = p->Red \* 255 / p->Alpha; 
295.  \} 
296.  \} 
297. \} 
298. //---------------------------------------------------------------------------
299. 
300. // ARGB格式转换成PARGB格式
301. FORCEINLINE 
302. **VOID** ArgbConvertPArgb(BitmapData \*data) 
303. \{ 
304.  PARGBQuad p = (PARGBQuad)data->Scan0; 
305. **INT** dataOffset = (data->Stride >> 2) - (**INT**)data->Width; 
306. **for** (**UINT** y = 0; y < data->Height; y ++, p += dataOffset) 
307.  \{ 
308. **for** (**UINT** x = 0; x < data->Width; x ++, p ++) 
309.  \{ 
310.  p->Blue = (p->Blue \* p->Alpha + 127) / 255; 
311.  p->Green = (p->Green \* p->Alpha + 127) / 255; 
312.  p->Red = (p->Red \* p->Alpha + 127) / 255; 
313.  \} 
314.  \} 
315. \} 
316. //---------------------------------------------------------------------------
317. 
318. 
319. \#endif

[C]: http://blog.csdn.net/maozefa/article/details/7188537
[Delphi]: http://blog.csdn.net/maozefa/article/details/7188354
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