C语言使用结构体实现简单的通讯录

傷城~ 2022-08-05 13:16 230阅读 0赞

C语言 用结构体实现一个通讯录；  
通讯录可以用来存储1000个人的信息，每个人的信息包括：  
姓名、性别、年龄、电话、住址  
  
提供方法：  
1.添加联系人信息  
2.删除指定联系人信息  
3.查找指定联系人信息  
4.修改指定联系人信息  
5.显示所有联系人信息  
6.清空所有联系人

代码实现：

头文件：

#ifndef __HEAD_H__			防止头文件被多次调用
    #define __HEAD_H__                 
    
    #include<stdio.h>
    #include<string.h>
    #include<stdlib.h>
    
    
    #define PEOPLE_MAX 1000
    #define NAME_LENTH 20
    #define SEX_LENTH 5
    #define AGE_LENTH 10
    #define TEL_LENTH 15
    #define ADDR_LENTH 50		//宏定义各个数据所需的大小，后续引用直接可以使用名称，或需修改时只用修改这里就可以了
    
    struct People
    {
    	char name[NAME_LENTH];
    	char sex[SEX_LENTH];
    	int  age;
    	char tel[TEL_LENTH ];
    	char addr[ADDR_LENTH];
    };							//定义人的信息结构体（包含各种信息）
    
    struct Contact
    {
    	struct People person[PEOPLE_MAX];
    	int user_count;
    };							//定义通讯录结构体（包含人的信息的结构体和用户个数）
    
    typedef struct Contact * pContact;
    
    int add_contact(pContact pcon);      //pContact是一个结构体指针类型，pcon是一个指向struct Contact的一个指针
    int dele_contact(pContact pcon);	//例如：typedef int *  int 即 int *p  ==> int p
    int find_contact(pContact pcon);
    int modify_contact(pContact pcon);
    int show_contact(pContact pcon);
    int clear_contact(pContact pcon);
    void menu();						//函数的声明
    
    #endif

各种函数实现：

#include"head.h"       
    
    
    int add_contact(pContact pcon)
    {
    	if(pcon->user_count >= PEOPLE_MAX)
    	{
    		printf("contact is full!\n");
    		return -1;
    	}
    	else
    	{
    		printf("input name,please!\n");
    		scanf("%s",pcon->person[pcon->user_count].name);
    		printf("input sex,please!\n");
    		scanf("%s",pcon->person[pcon->user_count].sex);
    		printf("input age,please!\n");
    		scanf("%d",&pcon->person[pcon->user_count].age);      //这里用%d输出int
    		printf("input tel,please!\n");
    		scanf("%s",pcon->person[pcon->user_count].tel);
    		printf("input addr,please!\n");
    		scanf("%s",pcon->person[pcon->user_count].addr);
    		(pcon->user_count)++;
    	}
    	return 0;
    }													//添加信息的实现
    
    
    int dele_contact(pContact pcon)
    {
    	int ret = find_contact(pcon);					//调用查找函数并保存其值
    	if(ret != -1)
    	{
    		int i = 0;
    		i = ret;						//这里要用另一个变量来保存输入的姓名
    		for(i = 0;i < pcon->user_count-1;i++)
    		{
    			pcon->person[i] = pcon->person[i+1];	       //用后一个覆盖前边的，如果要删除的是最后一个不进行此步骤
    			
    		}
    		pcon->user_count --;				       //直接减去最后一个即count--
    	}
    	return 0;	
    }
    
    int find_contact(pContact pcon)
    {
    	int i = 0;
    	char ret[NAME_LENTH];						//用另一个数组来保存name
    	printf("input name,please!\n");
    	scanf("%s",ret);
    	while(i <= pcon->user_count)
    	{
    		if(strcmp(ret,pcon->person[i].name)== 0)	        //比较输入的姓名和通讯录中已有的姓名
    		{
    			printf("name\tsex\tage\ttel\taddr\t\n");
    			printf("%s\t",pcon->person[i].name);
    			printf("%s\t",pcon->person[i].sex);
    			printf("%d\t",pcon->person[i].age);
    			printf("%s\t",pcon->person[i].tel);
    			printf("%s\t\n",pcon->person[i].addr);	
    			return i;
    		}
    		i++;
    	}
    	printf("sorry，the name you find is not exist!\n");
    	return -1;
    }
    
    int modify_contact(pContact pcon)					//修改函数，首先找到如要修改的姓名，然后重新输入
    {
    	int ret = find_contact(pcon);
    	if(ret != -1)
    	{
    		printf("input name,please!\n");
    		scanf("%s",pcon->person[ret].name);
    		printf("input sex,please!\n");
    		scanf("%s",pcon->person[ret].sex);
    		printf("input age,please!\n");
    		scanf("%d",&(pcon->person[ret].age));
    		printf("input tel,please!\n");
    		scanf("%s",pcon->person[ret].tel);
    		printf("input addr,please!\n");
    		scanf("%s",pcon->person[ret].addr);
    	}
    	else
    	{
    		printf("sorry，the name you find is not exist!\n");
    	}
    	return 0;
    }
    
    int show_contact(pContact pcon)
    {
    	int i = 0;
    	printf("name\tsex\tage\ttel\t\taddr\t\n");		//制表符来制作表头
    	for(i = 0;i < pcon->user_count;i++)
    	{
    		printf("%s\t",pcon->person[i].name);
    		printf("%s\t",pcon->person[i].sex);
    		printf("%d\t",pcon->person[i].age);
    		printf("%s\t",pcon->person[i].tel);
    		printf("%s\t\n",pcon->person[i].addr);
    	}
    	printf("\n");
    	return 0;
    }
    
    int clear_contact(pContact pcon)
    {
    	pcon->user_count = 0 ;
    	return 0;
    }								//清除所有人，直接让成员个数变为0即可
    
    void menu()
    {
    	printf("-------contact---------\n");
    	printf("  1.添加联系人信息     \n");
    	printf("  2.删除指定联系人信息 \n");
    	printf("  3.查找指定联系人信息 \n");
    	printf("  4.修改指定联系人信息 \n");
    	printf("  5.显示所有联系人信息 \n");
    	printf("  6.清空所有联系人     \n");
    	printf("  0.谢谢使用           \n");
    	printf("-------contact---------\n");
    }

主函数：

#include"head.h"
    
    int main()
    {	
    	int n=1;
    	struct Contact people;		//调用通讯录结构体
    	people.user_count = 0;		//初始化user_count
    	while(n)
    	{
    		menu();
    		printf("please input\n");
    		scanf("%d",&n);
    		switch(n)
    		{
    			case 1:
    			{
    				add_contact(&people);
    				break;
    			}
    			case 2:
    			{
    				dele_contact(&people);
    				break;
    			}
    			case 3:
    			{
    				find_contact(&people);
    				break;
    			}	
    			case 4:
    			{
    				modify_contact(&people);
    				break;
    			}
    			case 5:
    			{
    				show_contact(&people);
    				break;
    			}
    			case 6:
    			{
    				clear_contact(&people);
    				break;
    			}
    			default:
    			{
    				return 0;
    				break;
    			}					//switch  case语句分支选择不同函数实现不同作用
    		}
    	}
    	return 0;
    }

结果实现：

![Center][]![Center 1][]![Center 2][]![Center 3][]![Center 4][]![Center 5][]![Center 6][]

[Center]: https://img-blog.csdn.net/20150407174024450?watermark/2/text/aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQvcmV0X3NrZA==/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70/gravity/Center
[Center 1]: https://img-blog.csdn.net/20150407174054012?watermark/2/text/aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQvcmV0X3NrZA==/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70/gravity/Center
[Center 2]: https://img-blog.csdn.net/20150407174017355?watermark/2/text/aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQvcmV0X3NrZA==/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70/gravity/Center
[Center 3]: https://img-blog.csdn.net/20150407174026185?watermark/2/text/aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQvcmV0X3NrZA==/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70/gravity/Center
[Center 4]: https://img-blog.csdn.net/20150407174034265?watermark/2/text/aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQvcmV0X3NrZA==/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70/gravity/Center
[Center 5]: https://img-blog.csdn.net/20150407174043937?watermark/2/text/aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQvcmV0X3NrZA==/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70/gravity/Center
[Center 6]: /images/20220805/91c00b56ec8c46648b07fe90d7800034.png