【C++ Primer】【学习笔记】【第八章】标准IO库之：面向对象的标准库

柔情只为你懂 2022-08-06 10:21 152阅读 0赞

**一、IO标准库类型和头文件：（字符类型：char）**

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      头文件 
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      类型 
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   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:110px"> 
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      iostream 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:447px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      istream从流中读取 
    </div> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      ostream向流中写入 
    </div> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      iostream对流进行读写；从istream和ostream派生而来。 
    </div> </td> 
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   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:110px"> 
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      fstream 
    </div> </td> 
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      ifstream从文件中读取；从istream派生而来； 
    </div> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      ofstream向文件中写入；从ostream派生而来； 
    </div> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      fstream对文件进行读写；从iostream派生而来。 
    </div> </td> 
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   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:110px"> 
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      sstream 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:447px"> 
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      istringstream从string对象中读取；从istream派生而来； 
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    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      ostringstream向string对象写入；从ostrean派生而来； 
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    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      stringstream对string对象进行读写；从iostream派生而来； 
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**二、IP标准库类型和头文件：对宽字符的支持版本（字符类型：wchar\_t）**

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      头文件 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:447px"> 
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      类型 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
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   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:110px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      iostream 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:447px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      wistream从流中读取 
    </div> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      wostream向流中写入 
    </div> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      wiostream对流进行读写；从wistream和wostream派生而来。 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
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   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:110px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      fstream 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:447px"> 
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      wifstream从文件中读取；从wistream派生而来； 
    </div> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      wofstream向文件中写入；从wostream派生而来； 
    </div> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      wfstream对文件进行读写；从wiostream派生而来。 
    </div> </td> 
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   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:110px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      sstream 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:447px"> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      wistringstream从string对象中读取；从wistream派生而来； 
    </div> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      wostringstream向string对象写入；从wostrean派生而来； 
    </div> 
    <div style="min-width:2px; background-color:inherit">
      wstringstream对string对象进行读写；从wiostream派生而来； 
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**三、标准输入、输出、错误对象**

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      类型 
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   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:211px"> 
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      字符型对象 
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   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:215px"> 
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      宽字符型对象 
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   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:27px; background-color:inherit; width:110px"> 
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      标准输入 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:27px; background-color:inherit; width:211px"> 
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      cin 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:27px; background-color:inherit; width:215px"> 
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      wcin 
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   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:110px"> 
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      标准输出 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:211px"> 
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      cout 
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   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:215px"> 
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      wcout 
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   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:110px"> 
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      标准错误 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:211px"> 
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      cerr 
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   <td style="word-break:break-all; border:1px solid rgb(153,153,153); padding:5px 10px; min-height:25px; min-width:25px; height:25px; background-color:inherit; width:215px"> 
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      wcerr 
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注：

1、IO对象不可以进行复制或者赋值；

2、流类型不能作为函数的形参或者返回类型，必须使用流类型的指针或者引用。