android-----ListView和GridView的用法

浅浅的花香味﹌ 2022-08-09 00:56 324阅读 0赞

ListView和GridView都是比较常用的控件，都是用来显示数据的。ListView主要用来显示列表型的数据（如播放列表），而GridView主要用来显示表格型的数据（如九宫格图）。

ListView和GridView的使用都需要用到Adapter，并且之间的用法也比较相似。

ListView的使用

activity_main.xml布局文件：

  1. <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
  2.     xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
  3.     android:layout_width="match_parent"
  4.     android:layout_height="match_parent"
  5.     android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
  6.     android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
  7.     android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
  8.     android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
  9.     tools:context=".MainActivity" >
  11.     <ListView
  12.         android:id="@+id/listView1"
  13.         android:layout_width="match_parent"
  14.         android:layout_height="wrap_content"
  15.         android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
  16.         android:layout_centerVertical="true" >
  17.     </ListView>
  19. </RelativeLayout>

item.xml文件：

  1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
  2. <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
  3.     android:layout_width="match_parent"
  4.     android:layout_height="match_parent"
  5.     android:orientation="horizontal" >
  7.     <ImageView 
  8.          android:id="@+id/imageView1"
  9.         android:layout_width="wrap_content"
  10.         android:layout_height="wrap_content"
  11.         android:src="@drawable/ic_launcher"/>
  13.     <TextView
  14.         android:id="@+id/textView1"
  15.         android:layout_width="wrap_content"
  16.         android:layout_height="wrap_content"
  17.         android:text="TextView" />
  19. </LinearLayout>

MainActivity.java文件：

  1. package com.pegatron.listview;
  3. import java.util.ArrayList;
  4. import java.util.HashMap;
  5. import java.util.List;
  7. import android.app.Activity;
  8. import android.os.Bundle;
  9. import android.view.Menu;
  10. import android.view.View;
  11. import android.view.ViewGroup;
  12. import android.widget.AdapterView;
  13. import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener;
  14. import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
  15. import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
  16. import android.widget.ListView;
  17. import android.widget.SimpleAdapter;
  18. import android.widget.TextView;
  19. import android.widget.Toast;
  21. public class MainActivity extends Activity {
  22.     private ListView lv;
  23.     private ArrayAdapter<String>  adapter;
  24.     private SimpleAdapter sa;
  25.     private List<HashMap<String, String>> list;
  26.     private HashMap<String, String> map;
  27.     private String[] names;
  29.     @Override
  30.     protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
  31.         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
  32.         setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
  33.         lv=(ListView) findViewById(R.id.listView1);
  34.         /**
  35.          * 配合arrayadapter的使用
  36.          */
  37.        /* names=new String[]{"mike1","liz1","sasa1","osean1","mike2","liz2","sasa2","osean2","mike3","liz3","sasa3","osean3"};
  38.         adapter=new ArrayAdapter<String>(this, android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, names);
  39.         lv.setAdapter(adapter);*/
  41.         list=new ArrayList<HashMap<String,String>>();
  42.         for(int i=0;i<50;i++){
  43.             map=new HashMap<String, String>();
  44.             map.put("textView1", "hello"+i);
  45.             list.add(map);
  46.         };
  48.         /**
  49.          * 配合simpleadapter的使用
  50.          */
  51.         /* sa=new SimpleAdapter(this, list, R.layout.item, new String[]{"textView1"}, new int[]{R.id.textView1});
  52.         lv.setAdapter(sa);*/
  55.         /**
  56.          * 自定义的adapter
  57.          */
  58.         lv.setAdapter(new MyAdapter());
  59.         lv.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener() {
  61.             @Override
  62.             public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view,
  63.                     int position, long id) {
  64.                 Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "您选择了："+position, 1).show();
  66.             }
  68.         });
  70.     }
  72.     private class MyAdapter extends BaseAdapter{
  74.         @Override
  75.         public int getCount() {
  76.             if(list!=null){
  77.                 return list.size();
  78.             }else{
  79.                 return 0;
  80.             }
  82.         }
  84.         @Override
  85.         public Object getItem(int position) {
  86.             return list.get(position);
  87.         }
  89.         @Override
  90.         public long getItemId(int position) {
  91.             return 0;
  92.         }
  94.         @Override
  95.         public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
  96.             HashMap<String, String> listItem=list.get(position);
  97.             View v=View.inflate(getApplicationContext(), R.layout.item, null);
  98.             TextView tv=(TextView) v.findViewById(R.id.textView1);
  99.             tv.setText(listItem.get("textView1"));
  100.             return v;
  101.         }
  103.     }
  107. }

配合ArrayAdapter使用、配合SimpleAdapter使用、自定义的MyAdapter三种方式的运行效果图：

CenterCenter 1

Center 2

GridView的使用：

布局文件：

  1. <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
  2.     xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
  3.     android:layout_width="match_parent"
  4.     android:layout_height="match_parent"
  5.     android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
  6.     android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
  7.     android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
  8.     android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
  9.     tools:context=".MainActivity" >
  11.     <GridView
  12.         android:id="@+id/gridView1"
  13.         android:layout_width="match_parent"
  14.         android:layout_height="wrap_content"
  15.         android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
  16.         android:layout_centerVertical="true"
  17.         android:numColumns="3" >
  18.     </GridView>
  20. </RelativeLayout>

items.xml文件：

  1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
  2. <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
  3.     android:layout_width="match_parent"
  4.     android:layout_height="match_parent"
  5.     android:orientation="vertical" >
  7.     <ImageView
  8.         android:id="@+id/imageView1"
  9.         android:layout_width="wrap_content"
  10.         android:layout_height="wrap_content"
  11.         android:src="@drawable/ic_launcher" />
  13.     <TextView
  14.         android:id="@+id/textView1"
  15.         android:layout_width="wrap_content"
  16.         android:layout_height="wrap_content"
  17.         android:text="TextView" />
  19. </LinearLayout>

MainActivity.java文件：

  1. package com.pega.gridview;
  3. import java.util.ArrayList;
  4. import java.util.List;
  5. import java.util.zip.Inflater;
  7. import android.os.Bundle;
  8. import android.app.Activity;
  9. import android.view.LayoutInflater;
  10. import android.view.Menu;
  11. import android.view.View;
  12. import android.view.ViewGroup;
  13. import android.widget.AdapterView;
  14. import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener;
  15. import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
  16. import android.widget.GridView;
  17. import android.widget.ImageView;
  18. import android.widget.TextView;
  19. import android.widget.Toast;
  21. public class MainActivity extends Activity {
  22.     private GridView gv;
  23.     private MyAdapter ma;
  24.     private String[] picture=new String[]{
  25.             "picture1","picture2","picture3",
  26.             "picture4","picture5","picture6",
  27.             "picture7","picture8","picture9",
  28.             "picture10","picture11","picture12",
  29.             "picture13","picture14","picture15"};
  30.     private int[] images=new int[]{
  31.             R.drawable.ic_launcher,R.drawable.ic_launcher,R.drawable.ic_launcher,
  32.             R.drawable.ic_launcher,R.drawable.ic_launcher,R.drawable.ic_launcher,
  33.             R.drawable.ic_launcher,R.drawable.ic_launcher,R.drawable.ic_launcher,
  34.             R.drawable.ic_launcher,R.drawable.ic_launcher,R.drawable.ic_launcher,
  35.             R.drawable.ic_launcher,R.drawable.ic_launcher,R.drawable.ic_launcher
  36.     };
  38.     @Override
  39.     protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
  40.         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
  41.         setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
  42.         gv=(GridView) findViewById(R.id.gridView1);
  43.         ma=new MyAdapter(picture,images,this);
  45.         gv.setAdapter(ma);
  46.         gv.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener() {
  48.             @Override
  49.             public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view,
  50.                     int position, long id) {
  51.                 // TODO 自动生成的方法存根
  52.                 Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "picture"+(position+1), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
  53.             }
  55.         });
  56.     }
  59.     class MyAdapter extends BaseAdapter{
  60.         private List<Picture> lists;
  62.         public MyAdapter(){
  63.         }
  64.         public MyAdapter(String[] picture, int[] images,
  65.                 MainActivity mainActivity) {
  66.             lists=new ArrayList<MainActivity.Picture>();
  67.             for(int i=0;i<images.length;i++){
  68.                 Picture pic=new Picture(images[i],picture[i]);
  69.                 lists.add(pic);
  71.             }
  73.         }
  74.         @Override
  75.         public int getCount() {
  77.             return lists.size();
  78.         }
  80.         @Override
  81.         public Object getItem(int position) {
  82.             // TODO 自动生成的方法存根
  83.             return lists.get(position);
  84.         }
  86.         @Override
  87.         public long getItemId(int position) {
  88.             // TODO 自动生成的方法存根
  89.             return lists.get(position).getPid();
  90.         }
  92.         @Override
  93.         public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
  94.             if(convertView==null){
  95.                 convertView=LayoutInflater.from(getApplicationContext()).inflate(R.layout.items, null);
  96.                 ImageView iv=(ImageView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.imageView1);
  97.                 TextView tv=(TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.textView1);
  98.                 iv.setImageResource(lists.get(position).getPid());
  99.                 tv.setText(lists.get(position).getPdesc());
  101.             }
  102.             return convertView;
  103.         }
  105.     }
  106.     class Picture{
  107.         private int pid;
  108.         private String pdesc;
  109.         public Picture() {
  111.         }
  112.         public Picture(int pid, String pdesc) {
  113.             super();
  114.             this.pid = pid;
  115.             this.pdesc = pdesc;
  116.         }
  117.         public int getPid() {
  118.             return pid;
  119.         }
  120.         public void setPid(int pid) {
  121.             this.pid = pid;
  122.         }
  123.         public String getPdesc() {
  124.             return pdesc;
  125.         }
  126.         public void setPdesc(String pdesc) {
  127.             this.pdesc = pdesc;
  128.         }
  130.     }
  132. }

这里只是用了自定义的Adapter，运行的效果图：

Center 3

另外的两种Adapter的用法跟ListView的用法类似。

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