Spring事务配置的五种方式

柔情只为你懂 2022-08-10 14:59 154阅读 0赞

Spring事务配置的五种方式

**原文地址：**[Spring事务配置的五种方式][Spring] **作者：** [OOKK6688][]

前段时间对Spring的事务配置做了比较深入的研究，在此之间对Spring的事务配置虽说也配置过，但是一直没有一个清楚的认识。通过这次的学习发觉Spring的事务配置只要把思路理清，还是比较好掌握的。

总结如下：

Spring配置文件中关于事务配置总是由三个组成部分，分别是DataSource、TransactionManager和代理机制这三部分，无论哪种配置方式，一般变化的只是代理机制这部分。

DataSource、TransactionManager这两部分只是会根据数据访问方式有所变化，比如使用Hibernate进行数据访问时，DataSource实际为SessionFactory，TransactionManager的实现为HibernateTransactionManager。

具体如下图：

[ ![Spring事务配置 (2)][Spring_ _2]][_Spring_ _2_Spring_ _2]

根据代理机制的不同，总结了五种Spring事务的配置方式，配置文件如下：

第一种方式：每个Bean都有一个代理

<? xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>   
 < beans xmlns ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"   
    xmlns:xsi ="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"   
    xmlns:context ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"   
    xmlns:aop ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"   
     xsi:schemaLocation ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd" >   
  
    < bean id ="sessionFactory"    
            class ="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean" >    
        < property name ="configLocation" value ="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"   />    
        < property name ="configurationClass" value ="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration"   />   
    </ bean >    
  
        
    < bean id ="transactionManager"   
        class ="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager" >   
        < property name ="sessionFactory" ref ="sessionFactory"   />   
    </ bean >   
     
       
    < bean id ="userDaoTarget" class ="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl" >   
        < property name ="sessionFactory" ref ="sessionFactory"   />   
    </ bean >   
     
    < bean id ="userDao"    
        class ="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean" >    
               
           < property name ="transactionManager" ref ="transactionManager"   />       
        < property name ="target" ref ="userDaoTarget"   />    
         < property name ="proxyInterfaces" value ="com.bluesky.spring.dao.GeneratorDao"   />   
            
        < property name ="transactionAttributes" >    
            < props >    
                < prop key ="\*" > PROPAGATION\_REQUIRED </ prop >   
            </ props >    
        </ property >    
    </ bean >     
 </ beans >

第二种方式：所有Bean共享一个代理基类

<? xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>   
 < beans xmlns ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"   
    xmlns:xsi ="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"   
    xmlns:context ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"   
    xmlns:aop ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"   
    xsi:schemaLocation ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd" >   
  
    < bean id ="sessionFactory"    
            class ="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean" >    
        < property name ="configLocation" value ="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"   />    
        < property name ="configurationClass" value ="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration"   />   
    </ bean >    
  
        
    < bean id ="transactionManager"   
        class ="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager" >   
        < property name ="sessionFactory" ref ="sessionFactory"   />   
    </ bean >   
     
    < bean id ="transactionBase"    
            class ="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"    
            lazy-init ="true" abstract ="true" >    
            
        < property name ="transactionManager" ref ="transactionManager"   />    
            
        < property name ="transactionAttributes" >    
            < props >    
                < prop key ="\*" > PROPAGATION\_REQUIRED </ prop >    
            </ props >    
        </ property >    
    </ bean >      
    
       
    < bean id ="userDaoTarget" class ="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl" >   
        < property name ="sessionFactory" ref ="sessionFactory"   />   
    </ bean >   
     
    < bean id ="userDao" parent ="transactionBase"   >    
        < property name ="target" ref ="userDaoTarget"   />     
    </ bean >   
 </ beans >

第三种方式：使用拦截器

<? xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>   
 < beans xmlns ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"   
    xmlns:xsi ="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"   
    xmlns:context ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"   
    xmlns:aop ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"   
     xsi:schemaLocation ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd" >   
  
    < bean id ="sessionFactory"    
            class ="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean" >    
        < property name ="configLocation" value ="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"   />    
        < property name ="configurationClass" value ="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration"   />   
    </ bean >    
  
        
    < bean id ="transactionManager"   
        class ="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager" >   
        < property name ="sessionFactory" ref ="sessionFactory"   />   
    </ bean >    
    
    < bean id ="transactionInterceptor"    
        class ="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor" >    
        < property name ="transactionManager" ref ="transactionManager"   />    
            
        < property name ="transactionAttributes" >    
            < props >    
                < prop key ="\*" > PROPAGATION\_REQUIRED </ prop >    
            </ props >    
        </ property >    
    </ bean >   
       
    < bean class ="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator" >    
        < property name ="beanNames" >    
            < list >    
                < value > \*Dao </ value >   
             </ list >    
        </ property >    
        < property name ="interceptorNames" >    
            < list >    
                < value > transactionInterceptor </ value >    
            </ list >    
        </ property >    
    </ bean >    
   
       
    < bean id ="userDao" class ="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl" >   
        < property name ="sessionFactory" ref ="sessionFactory"   />   
    </ bean >   
 </ beans >

第四种方式：使用tx标签配置的拦截器

<? xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>   
 < beans xmlns ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"   
    xmlns:xsi ="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"   
    xmlns:context ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"   
    xmlns:aop ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"   
    xmlns:tx ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"   
    xsi:schemaLocation ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd" >   
  
    < context:annotation-config />   
    < context:component-scan base-package ="com.bluesky"   />   
  
    < bean id ="sessionFactory"    
            class ="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean" >    
        < property name ="configLocation" value ="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"   />    
        < property name ="configurationClass" value ="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration"   />   
    </ bean >    
  
        
    < bean id ="transactionManager"   
        class ="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager" >   
        < property name ="sessionFactory" ref ="sessionFactory"   />   
    </ bean >   
  
    < tx:advice id ="txAdvice" transaction-manager ="transactionManager" >   
        < tx:attributes >   
            < tx:method name ="\*" propagation ="REQUIRED"   />   
        </ tx:attributes >   
    </ tx:advice >   
     
    < aop:config >   
        < aop:pointcut id ="interceptorPointCuts"   
            expression ="execution(\* com.bluesky.spring.dao.\*.\*(..))"   />   
        < aop:advisor advice-ref ="txAdvice"   
            pointcut-ref ="interceptorPointCuts"   />          
    </ aop:config >        
 </ beans >

第五种方式：全注解

此时在DAO上需加上@Transactional注解，如下：

package com.bluesky.spring.dao;  
  
 import java.util.List;  
  
 import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;  
 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;  
 import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;  
 import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;  
  
 import com.bluesky.spring.domain.User;  
  
@Transactional  
@Component( " userDao " )  
 public   class UserDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements UserDao \{  
  
    public List < User > listUsers() \{  
        return   this .getSession().createQuery( " from User " ).list();  
    \}  
     
    ![\[转载\]Spring事务配置的五种方式][Spring_ _2]  
\}

[Spring]: http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_86e49b8f0101283w.html
[OOKK6688]: http://blog.sina.com.cn/u/2263128975
[Spring_ _2]: /images/20220810/b4cbfb19033f4ae6aca89298edc14861.png
[_Spring_ _2_Spring_ _2]: http://www.blogjava.net/images/blogjava_net/robbie/WindowsLiveWriter/Spring_9C9C/Spring%E4%BA%8B%E5%8A%A1%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE%20%282%29.jpg