Debian 6.0.4安装配置lamp（Apache+MySQL+PHP）

本是古典何须时尚 2022-08-12 04:28 24阅读 0赞

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![debian.jpg][]

**准备篇：**

**1、配置防火墙，开启80端口、3306端口**  
说明：debian默认安装是没有开启任何防火墙的，为了服务器的安全，建议大家安装启用防火墙设置，这里推荐使用iptables防火墙。  
whereis iptables   \#查看系统是否安装防火墙  
iptables: /sbin/iptables /usr/share/iptables /usr/share/man/man8/iptables.8.gz  \#表示已经安装iptables  
apt-get install iptables   \#如果默认没有安装，请运行此命令安装防火墙  
iptables -L  \#查看防火墙配置信息，显示如下：  
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\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#  
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)  
target     prot opt source               destination

Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT)  
target     prot opt source               destination

Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)  
target     prot opt source               destination  
\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#  
nano /etc/iptables.default.rules    \#添加以下内容  
\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#  
\*filter  
\# Allows all loopback (lo0) traffic and drop all traffic to 127/8 that doesn't use lo0  
\-A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT  
\# Accepts all established inbound connections  
\-A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT  
\# Allows all outbound traffic  
\# You could modify this to only allow certain traffic  
\-A OUTPUT -j ACCEPT  
\# Allows HTTP and MySQLconnections from anywhere (the normal ports for websites)  
\-A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT  
\-A INPUT -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT  
\# Allows SSH connections for script kiddies  
\# THE -dport NUMBER IS THE SAME ONE YOU SET UP IN THE SSHD\_CONFIG FILE  
\-A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW --dport 22 -j ACCEPT  
\# Now you should read up on iptables rules and consider whether ssh access  
\# for everyone is really desired. Most likely you will only allow access from certain IPs.  
\# Allow ping  
\-A INPUT -p icmp -m icmp --icmp-type 8 -j ACCEPT  
\# log iptables denied calls (access via 'dmesg' command)  
\-A INPUT -m limit --limit 5/min -j LOG --log-prefix "iptables denied: " --log-level 7  
\# Reject all other inbound - default deny unless explicitly allowed policy:  
\-A INPUT -j REJECT  
\-A FORWARD -j REJECT  
COMMIT  
\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#  
ctrl+o  \#保存  
ctrl+x  \#退出  
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**备注：80是指web服务器端口、3306是指MySQL数据库链接端口、22是指SSH远程管理端口**  
iptables-restore < /etc/iptables.default.rules    \#使防火墙规则生效  
nano  /etc/network/if-pre-up.d/iptables   \#创建文件，添加以下内容，使防火墙开机启动  
\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#  
\#!/bin/bash  
/sbin/iptables-restore </etc/iptables.default.rules  
\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#  
chmod +x  /etc/network/if-pre-up.d/iptables  \#添加执行权限  
**安装篇  
一、安装apache**  
apt-get install apache2    \#安装apache，根据提示输入y安装  
service apache2 start  \#启动apache  
service apache2 restart  \#重启  
apt-get install chkconfig  \#安装chkconfig  
chkconfig  apache2  on   \#开机启动apache  
**二、安装MySQL**  
apt-get install  mysql-server   \#安装mysql，根据提示输入y安装  
安装过程中，会跳出输入root密码的界面  
输入2次密码，继续自动安装

![513][]

![514][]  
service mysql start   \#启动  
chkconfig mysql on    \#开机启动mysql  
service mysql restart   \#重启  
**三、安装php**  
1、apt-get  install php5   \#安装php5，根据提示输入y安装  
2、安装PHP组件，使PHP支持 MySQL  
apt-get install php5-mysql php5-gd libjpeg8-dev php5-imap php5-ldap php5-odbc php\*-pear php\*-xml php5-xmlrpc  php5-mcrypt  php5-mhash libmcrypt\* libmcrypt-dev php-fpdf  
/etc/init.d/mysql restart  \#重启mysql  
/etc/init.d/apache2 restart \#重启apache2  
ln -s /etc/php5/apache2/php.ini  /etc/php.ini  \#把php配置文件链接到系统默认位置  
**配置篇**  
**一、Apache配置**  
cp /etc/apache2/apache2.conf  /etc/apache2/apache2.confbak   \#备份  
nano   /etc/apache2/apache2.conf  \#编辑  
ServerTokens Prod     \#在出现错误页的时候不显示服务器操作系统的名称  
ServerSignature Off   \#在在错误页中不显示apache2的版本  
MaxKeepAliveRequests 1000  \#修改为1000（默认为100，增加同时连接数）  
ctrl+o  \#保存  
ctrl+x  \#退出  
nano /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default \#编辑  
Options MultiViews FollowSymLinks  \#不在浏览器上显示树状目录结构  
ctrl+o  \#保存  
ctrl+x  \#退出  
a2enmod rewrite   \#激活apache2伪静态模块mod rewrite  
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**二、配置php**  
nano  /etc/php5/apache2/php.ini   \#编辑  
date.timezone = PRC     \#在946行 把前面的分号去掉，改为date.timezone = PRC  
disable\_functions = passthru,exec,system,chroot,scandir,chgrp,chown,shell\_exec,proc\_open,proc\_get\_status,ini\_alter,ini\_alter,ini\_restore,dl,openlog,syslog,readlink,symlink,popepassthru,stream\_socket\_server,escapeshellcmd,dll,popen,disk\_free\_space,checkdnsrr,checkdnsrr,getservbyname,getservbyport,disk\_total\_space,posix\_ctermid,posix\_get\_last\_error,posix\_getcwd, posix\_getegid,posix\_geteuid,posix\_getgid, posix\_getgrgid,posix\_getgrnam,posix\_getgroups,posix\_getlogin,posix\_getpgid,posix\_getpgrp,posix\_getpid, posix\_getppid,posix\_getpwnam,posix\_getpwuid, posix\_getrlimit, posix\_getsid,posix\_getuid,posix\_isatty, posix\_kill,posix\_mkfifo,posix\_setegid,posix\_seteuid,posix\_setgid, posix\_setpgid,posix\_setsid,posix\_setuid,posix\_strerror,posix\_times,posix\_ttyname,posix\_uname  
\#在386行 列出PHP可以禁用的函数，如果某些程序需要用到这个函数，可以删除，取消禁用。  
expose\_php = Off        \#在432行 禁止显示php版本的信息  
magic\_quotes\_gpc = On   \#在745行 打开magic\_quotes\_gpc来防止SQL注入  
open\_basedir = .:/tmp/  \#在380行，设置表示允许访问当前目录(即PHP脚本文件所在之目录)和/tmp/目录,可以防止php木马跨站，如果改了之后安装程序有问题，可注销此行，或者直接写上程序目录路径/var/www/www.osyunwei.com/:/tmp/  
ctrl+o  \#保存  
ctrl+x  \#退出  
**测试篇**  
cd /var/www  \#进入默认站点目录  
nano index.php   \#新建测试文件  
<?php  
phpinfo();  
?>  
ctrl+o  \#保存  
ctrl+x  \#退出  
chown www-data.www-data -R  /var/www   \#添加目录所有者  
chmod 700  -R  /var/www  \#设置目录权限  
在客户端浏览器输入服务器IP地址，可以看到相关的配置信息！  
**备注：**  
apache2默认站点目录是：/var/www  
权限设置：chown www-data.www-data -R  /var/www  
apache2虚拟主机配置文件：/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default   \#虚拟主机配置文件  
MySQL数据库目录是：/var/lib/mysql  
权限设置：chown mysql.mysql -R  /var/lib/mysql

[debian.jpg]: /images/20220810/280ce5edd0c24690858f46d98c21b78d.png
[www.osyunwei.com]: http://www.osyunwei.com/
[513]: /images/20220810/f7d8b2ad79594bb0a0c78b89d9f32697.png
[514]: /images/20220810/9460f39f2fef4c6ab2531f4900a43db2.png