Self-fulfilling Prophecy(自验预言)

太过爱你忘了你带给我的痛 2022-08-19 08:26 27阅读 0赞

A **self-fulfilling prophecy** is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true, by the very terms of the prophecy itself, due to [positive feedback][] between belief and behavior. Although examples of such [prophecies][] can be found in literature as far back as [ancient Greece][] and [ancient India][], it is 20th-century [sociologist][] [Robert K. Merton][]who is credited with coining the expression "self-fulfilling prophecy" and formalizing its structure and consequences. In his 1948 article *Self-Fulfilling Prophecy*, Merton defines it in the following terms:

> The self-fulfilling prophecy is, in the beginning, a *false* definition of the situation evoking a new behavior which makes the original false conception come *true*. This specious validity of the self-fulfilling prophecy perpetuates a reign of error. For the prophet will cite the actual course of events as proof that he was right from the very beginning.[\[1\]][1]

In other words, a positive or negative prophecy, strongly held belief, or [delusion][]—declared as truth when it is actually false—may sufficiently influence people so that their reactions ultimately fulfill the once-false prophecy.

Self-fulfilling prophecy are effects in *[behavioral confirmation][] effect*, in which behavior, influenced by expectations, causes those expectations to come true.[\[2\]][2] It is complementary to the [self-defeating prophecy][].

from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-fulfilling\_prophecy

[positive feedback]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positive_feedback
[prophecies]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prophecy
[ancient Greece]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Greece
[ancient India]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_India
[sociologist]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociologist
[Robert K. Merton]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_K._Merton
[1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-fulfilling_prophecy#cite_note-SFP-48-1
[delusion]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delusion
[behavioral confirmation]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behavioral_confirmation
[2]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-fulfilling_prophecy#cite_note-2
[self-defeating prophecy]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-defeating_prophecy