SpringMVC验证码生成，点击刷新及验证--基于kaptcha

川长思鸟来 2022-08-20 06:10 378阅读 0赞

直接看结果

# 实验结果 #

![这里写图片描述][20160308153032876]

输入正确的验证码

![这里写图片描述][20160308153044592]

输入错误的验证码

![这里写图片描述][20160308153054455]

验证码错误后自动刷新

![这里写图片描述][20160308153106327]

除了数字，验证码的内容可以是多种多样的  
下面看一下，数字，字母和中文混合的验证码

![这里写图片描述][20160308153123358]

还有其他的设置会在后面讲解

这个验证码不是我写的，是用google的kaptcha实现的，所以首先需要引入kaptcha的jar包

kaptcha-2.3.2.jar

可以在项目的jar包中下载

[https://github.com/peer44/testwechat/tree/master/WebContent/WEB-INF/lib][https_github.com_peer44_testwechat_tree_master_WebContent_WEB-INF_lib]

# 配置bean #

其次在springmvc的配置文件配置一个bean

<bean id="captchaProducer" class="com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.DefaultKaptcha">
            <property name="config">
                <bean class="com.google.code.kaptcha.util.Config">
                    <constructor-arg>
                        <props>
                            
                            <prop key="kaptcha.border">no</prop>
                            
                            <prop key="kaptcha.image.width">95</prop>
                            
                            <prop key="kaptcha.image.height">45</prop>
                            
                            <prop key="kaptcha.background.clear.from">248,248,248</prop>
                            
                            <prop key="kaptcha.background.clear.to">248,248,248</prop>
                            
                            <prop key="kaptcha.textproducer.char.string">0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz快过年了我想回家</prop>
                            
                            <prop key="kaptcha.textproducer.font.color">0,0,255</prop>
                            
                            <prop key="kaptcha.obscurificator.impl">com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.WaterRipple</prop>
                            
                            <prop key="kaptcha.textproducer.font.size">35</prop>
                            
                            <prop key="kaptcha.textproducer.char.length">4</prop>
                            
                            <prop key="kaptcha.textproducer.char.space">2</prop>
                            
                            <prop key="kaptcha.textproducer.font.names">new Font("Arial", 1, fontSize), new Font("Courier", 1, fontSize)</prop>
                            
                            <prop key="kaptcha.noise.impl">com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.NoNoise</prop>
                        </props>
                    </constructor-arg>
                </bean>
            </property>
        </bean>

验证码可以设置，基本的用法都进行了注释，可以根据自己的需求进行修改

# 开发Controller #

package com.wechat.controller;
    
    import com.google.code.kaptcha.Constants;
    import com.google.code.kaptcha.Producer;
    import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
    import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
    import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
    import org.springframework.ui.Model;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
    import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
    
    import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
    import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
    import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
    import java.io.IOException;
    
    /** * 验证码相关的接口 * * @author gaowei.cheng */
    @Controller
    @RequestMapping(value = "/captcha")
    public class CaptchaController { 
    
        private static final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(CaptchaController.class);
        @Autowired
        private Producer captchaProducer;
    
        /** * 页面入口 * @param model * @return */
        @RequestMapping(value = "/getCaptcha", method = RequestMethod.GET)
        public String getCaptcha(Model model) {
            model.addAttribute("timestamp", System.currentTimeMillis());
            return "captcha";
        }
    
        /** * 生成带验证码的图片 * @param model * @param request * @param response * @param timestamp * @return * @throws IOException */
        @RequestMapping(value = "/getCaptchaImage.jpg", method = RequestMethod.GET)
        public ModelAndView getCaptchaImage(Model model,HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,
                                            @RequestParam(value = "timestamp", required = false) String timestamp) throws IOException {
            if (StringUtils.isEmpty(timestamp)) {
                //System.out.println("没有时间戳\ttimestamp:" + timestamp);
                model.addAttribute("timestamp", System.currentTimeMillis());
            } else {
                //System.out.println("有时间戳\ttimestamp:" + timestamp);
                model.addAttribute("timestamp", timestamp);
            }
    
            response.setDateHeader("Expires", 0);
            response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate");
            response.addHeader("Cache-Control", "post-check=0, pre-check=0");
            response.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache");
            response.setContentType("image/jpeg");
            String capText = captchaProducer.createText();
    
            request.getSession().setAttribute(Constants.KAPTCHA_SESSION_KEY, capText);
            log.info("======生成了一个验证码，内容为：" + capText);
            BufferedImage bi = captchaProducer.createImage(capText);
            ServletOutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();
            ImageIO.write(bi, "jpg", out);
            try {
                out.flush();
            } finally {
                out.close();
            }
            return null;
        }
    
        /** * * @param timestamp * @param code * @param request * @return true或fasle,ture表示验证成功,false表示验证失败 */
        @RequestMapping(value = "/checkCaptcha", method = RequestMethod.POST)
        @ResponseBody
        public String checkCaptcha(@RequestParam(value = "timestamp", required = false) String timestamp, @RequestParam(value = "code", required = false) String code,HttpServletRequest request) {
            boolean returnStr = false;
    
            String original =(String) request.getSession().getAttribute(Constants.KAPTCHA_SESSION_KEY);
            log.info("======用户输入的验证码：" + code);
            log.info("======正确的验证码：" + original);
    
            if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(code)) {
                if (code.equalsIgnoreCase(original)) {
                    returnStr = true;
                }
            }
    
            log.info("======验证结果" + returnStr);
            return returnStr + "";
    
        }
    }

# 开发页面 #

captcha.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
    <%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>
    <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
    <html>
    <head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
    <title>验证码</title>
    <c:catch var="importError0">
        <c:import url="common/base.jsp" charEncoding="utf-8"></c:import>
    </c:catch>
    <c:out value="${importError0}"></c:out>
    </head>
    <body>
        <img id="imgObj" alt="验证码" src="${base }/captcha/getCaptchaImage.jpg" onclick="changeImg()">
        <form action="" id="loginform">
            请输入验证码:<input id="imageContent" name="imageContent" type="text"><br>
            <input id="timestamp" name="timestamp" value="${timestamp }" type="hidden" >
            <button>提交</button>
        </form>
    </body>
    <script type="text/javascript"> var base = "${base}"; function checkImageCode(code) { var timestamp = $("#timestamp").val().trim(); console.log(code + " " + timestamp); var haha = ""; $.ajax({ type : 'post', async : false, url : base+'/captcha/checkCaptcha', data : { "code" : code }, success : function(data) { haha = data; } }); console.log(haha); return haha; } $("form").submit(function check(){ var code = $("#imageContent").val().trim(); if(code.length != 0 ){ var status = checkImageCode(code).trim(); //alert(status); if(status.indexOf("true")>=0){ alert("成功"); }else{ changeImg(); alert("失败"); } }else{ alert("请输入验证码"); } return false; }); function changeImg() { var imgSrc = $("#imgObj"); var src = imgSrc.attr("src"); imgSrc.attr("src", chgUrl(src)); }; //时间戳 //为了使每次生成图片不一致，即不让浏览器读缓存，所以需要加上时间戳 function chgUrl(url) { var timestamp = (new Date()).valueOf(); var stamp = $("#timestamp"); /* alert(url); url = url.substring(0, 60); if ((url.indexOf("&") >= 0)) { url = url + "×tamp=" + timestamp; } else { url = url + "?timestamp=" + timestamp; stamp.val(timestamp); } */ return url; }; </script>
    </html>

captcha.jsp中需要引入一些js，js在common/base.jsp中统一引入了

common/base.jsp和js文件在项目中，项目下载地址

[https://github.com/peer44/testwechat][https_github.com_peer44_testwechat]

项目比较杂，是平时写着玩的一些示例

# 参考文献 #

> [http://stone02111.iteye.com/blog/1688195][http_stone02111.iteye.com_blog_1688195]  
> [http://www.aliog.com/19828.html][http_www.aliog.com_19828.html]

[20160308153032876]: /images/20220731/82c6c451e38f4911ba228f65d0e3daa9.png
[20160308153044592]: /images/20220731/b74d92e2b3c94fc28a29acee1aa487c2.png
[20160308153054455]: /images/20220731/f9b1b065e05f4e369caa6abd5d0c5145.png
[20160308153106327]: /images/20220731/6332944f4ddb45e3b589f5f66f74e7bf.png
[20160308153123358]: /images/20220731/1c9f29eac1024c6ca22a91a55dfee4ea.png
[https_github.com_peer44_testwechat_tree_master_WebContent_WEB-INF_lib]: https://github.com/peer44/testwechat/tree/master/WebContent/WEB-INF/lib
[https_github.com_peer44_testwechat]: https://github.com/peer44/testwechat
[http_stone02111.iteye.com_blog_1688195]: http://stone02111.iteye.com/blog/1688195
[http_www.aliog.com_19828.html]: http://www.aliog.com/19828.html