Linux 6下安装编译安装Nginx

分手后的思念是犯贱 2022-08-21 14:52 189阅读 0赞

> Nginx是一个高性能的HTTP和反向代理服务器，也是一个IMAP/POP3/SMTP服务器。在高连接并发的情况下，Nginx是Apache服务器不错的替代品：Nginx在美国是做虚拟主机生意的老板们经常选择的软件平台之一。能够支持高达50,000个并发连接数的响应，而且内存开销极小。这也是Nginx广受欢迎的重要原因。本文演示了基于Linux 6下编译安装Nginx，供大家参考。

## 一、安装环境 ##

# cat /etc/issue
    Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.3 (Santiago)
    Kernel \r on an \m
    # nginx -v
    nginx version: nginx/1.8.0

## 二、配置安装环境 ##

###为简化安装及配置，此处关闭了防火墙，生产环境建议开启
    # service iptables stop
    # chkconfig iptables off
    
    # vi /etc/selinux/config 
    SELINUX=disabled
    
    ###创建用户及组
    #groupadd -r nginx
    #useradd -s /sbin/nologin -g nginx -r nginx
    
    ###安装环境依赖包 http://nginx.org/en/linux_packages.html
    # yum install pcre-devel zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel gcc gcc-c++

## 三、编译及安装Nginx ##

# cd /tmp/
    # tar -xvf nginx-1.8.0.tar.gz
    # cd /nginx-1.8.0
    # ./configure                      \
    --prefix=/etc/nginx \ --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx \ --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \ --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log \ --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log \ --pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid \ --lock-path=/var/run/nginx.lock \ --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/client_temp \ --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/proxy_temp \ --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/fastcgi_temp \ --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/uwsgi_temp \ --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/scgi_temp \ --user=nginx \ --group=nginx \ --with-http_ssl_module \ --with-http_realip_module \ --with-http_addition_module \ --with-http_sub_module \ --with-http_dav_module \ --with-http_flv_module \ --with-http_mp4_module \ --with-http_gunzip_module \ --with-http_gzip_static_module \ --with-http_random_index_module \ --with-http_secure_link_module \ --with-http_stub_status_module \ --with-http_auth_request_module \ --with-mail \ --with-mail_ssl_module \ --with-file-aio \ --with-http_spdy_module \ --with-ipv6 
    Configuration summary
      + using system PCRE library
      + using system OpenSSL library
      + md5: using OpenSSL library
      + sha1: using OpenSSL library
      + using system zlib library
    
      nginx path prefix: "/etc/nginx"
      nginx binary file: "/usr/sbin/nginx"
      nginx configuration prefix: "/etc/nginx"
      nginx configuration file: "/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"
      nginx pid file: "/var/run/nginx.pid"
      nginx error log file: "/var/log/nginx/error.log"
      nginx http access log file: "/var/log/nginx/access.log"
      nginx http client request body temporary files: "/var/cache/nginx/client_temp"
      nginx http proxy temporary files: "/var/cache/nginx/proxy_temp"
      nginx http fastcgi temporary files: "/var/cache/nginx/fastcgi_temp"
      nginx http uwsgi temporary files: "/var/cache/nginx/uwsgi_temp"
      nginx http scgi temporary files: "/var/cache/nginx/scgi_temp"
    
    ###如果apache httpd服务启动，建议先停止或更改端口号
    # service httpd stop
    # mkdir -p /var/cache/nginx/{client_temp,proxy_temp,fastcgi_temp,uwsgi_temp,scgi_temp}
    # make && make install
    
    ###启动nginx
    # /usr/sbin/nginx -c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
    
    # ps -ef|grep nginx|grep -v grep
    root      33412      1  0 10:18 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/sbin/nginx -c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
    nginx     33413  33412  0 10:18 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
    
    [root@orasrv1 cache]# netstat -nltp|grep 80
    tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80                  0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      33412/nginx         
    [root@orasrv1 cache]#

## 四、配置nginx为系统服务 ##

vi /etc/init.d/nginx  
    
    #!/bin/bash
    # nginx Startup script for the Nginx HTTP Server
    # chkconfig: - 85 15
    # description: Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \
    # proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
    # Author : Leshami
    # Blog : http://blog.csdn.net/leshami 
    # processname: nginx
    # pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid
    # config: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
    
    #path for nginx binary
    nginxd=/usr/sbin/nginx
    
    #path for nginx configuration
    nginx_config=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
    
    #path for nginx pid
    nginx_pid=/var/run/nginx.pid
    RETVAL=0
    prog="nginx"
    # Source function library.
    . /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
    # Source networking configuration.
    . /etc/sysconfig/network
    # Check that networking is up.
    [ ${NETWORKING} = "no" ] && exit 0
    [ -x $nginxd ] || exit 0
    # Start nginx daemons functions.
    start() {
    if [ -e $nginx_pid ];then
       echo "nginx already running...."
       exit 1
    fi
       echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
       daemon $nginxd -c ${nginx_config}
       RETVAL=$?
       echo
       [ $RETVAL = 0 ] && touch /var/lock/subsys/nginx
       return $RETVAL
    }
    # Stop nginx daemons functions.
    stop() {
            echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
            killproc $nginxd
            RETVAL=$?
            echo
            [ $RETVAL = 0 ] && rm -f /var/lock/subsys/nginx /var/run/nginx.pid
    }
    # reload nginx service functions.
    reload() {
        echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
        #kill -HUP `cat ${nginx_pid}`
        killproc $nginxd -HUP
        RETVAL=$?
        echo
    }
    # See how we were called.
    case "$1" in
    start)
            start
            ;;
    stop)
            stop
            ;;
    reload)
            reload
            ;;
    restart)
            stop
            start
            ;;
    status)
            status $prog
            RETVAL=$?
            ;;
    *)
            echo $"Usage: $prog {start|stop|restart|reload|status|help}"
            exit 1
    esac
    exit $RETVAL
    
    # chmod u+x /etc/init.d/nginx 
    
    # service nginx start
    Starting nginx:                                            [  OK  ]
    
    # ps -ef|grep nginx |grep -v grep
    root      33534      1  0 10:33 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/sbin/nginx -c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
    nginx     33535  33534  0 10:33 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process    
    
    # service nginx stop
    Stopping nginx:                                            [  OK  ]
    
    # chkconfig --add nginx
    # chkconfig nginx on

## 五、安装过程中的常见故障 ##

./configure: error: the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library.
    You can either disable the module by using --without-http_rewrite_module
    option, or install the PCRE library into the system, or build the PCRE library
    statically from the source with nginx by using --with-pcre=<path> option.
    
    ./configure: error: the HTTP gzip module requires the zlib library.
    You can either disable the module by using --without-http_gzip_module
    option, or install the zlib library into the system, or build the zlib library
    statically from the source with nginx by using --with-zlib=<path> option.
    ### 以上2个错误，请安装相应的依赖包，见本文第二部分：配置安装环境
    
    # /usr/sbin/nginx 
    nginx: [emerg] getpwnam("nginx") failed
    ### 需要创建nginx用户组及用户
    
    # /usr/sbin/nginx
    nginx: [emerg] mkdir() "/var/cache/nginx/client_temp" failed (2: No such file or directory)
    ### 需要创建对应的目录