What are some lesser known but useful Unix commands?

港控/mmm° 2022-08-26 15:13 12阅读 0赞

Source : Joshua Levy    Date : 2011-12-27 09:27:49  [![pdf.gif][]][pdf.gif 1]

A few that come to mind, some less known, some more:

*  xargs or parallel: run things in parallel, with lots of options
 *  sed and awk: more well-known but still super useful for processing text files, and faster than Python or Ruby
 *  m4: simple macro processor
 *  screen: powerful terminal multiplexing and session persistence
 *  yes: print a string a lot
 *  cal: nice calendar
 *  env: run a command (useful in scripts)
 *  look: find English words (or lines in a file) beginning with a string
 *  cut and paste and join: data manipulation
 *  fmt: format text paragraphs
 *  pr: format text into pages/columns
 *  fold: wrap lines of text
 *  column: format text into columns or tables
 *  expand and unexpand: convert between tabs and spaces
 *  nl: add line numbers
 *  seq: print numbers
 *  bc: calculator
 *  factor: factor integers
 *  nc: network debugging and data transfer
 *  dd: moving data between files or devices
 *  file: identify type of a file
 *  stat: file info
 *  tac: print files in reverse
 *  shuf: random selection of lines from a file
 *  comm: compare sorted files line by line
 *  hd and bvi: dump or edit binary files
 *  strings: extract text from binary files
 *  tr: character translation or manipulation
 *  iconv or uconv: conversion for text encodings
 *  split and csplit: splitting files
 *  7z: high-ratio file compression
 *  ldd: dynamic library info
 *  nm: symbols from object files
 *  ab: benchrmarking web servers
 *  strace: system call debugging
 *  mtr: better traceroute for network debugging
 *  cssh: visual concurrent shell
 *  wireshark and tshark: packet capture and network debugging
 *  host and dig: DNS lookups
 *  lsof: process file descriptor and socket info
 *  dstat: useful system stats
 *  iostat: CPU and disk usage stats
 *  htop: improved version of top
 *  last: login history
 *  w: who's logged on
 *  id: user/group identity info
 *  sar: historic system stats
 *  iftop or nethogs: network utilization by socket or process
 *  ss: socket statistics
 *  dmesg: boot and system error messages
 *  (Linux) hdparm: SATA/ATA disk manipulation/performance
 *  (Linux) lsb\_release: Linux distribution info
 *  (Linux) lshw: hardware information
 *  fortune, ddate, and sl: um, well, it depends on whether you consider steam locomotives and Zippy quotations "useful"

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