Elasticsearch-核心篇(2)-下载安装

太过爱你忘了你带给我的痛 2022-08-31 12:20 310阅读 0赞

### 文章目录 ###

*  一、Elasticsearch安装
 *   *  1.1 Linux安装
     *  1.2 Windows安装
     *  1.3 Docker安装
     *  1.4 连接测试
 *  二、Elasticsearch外网访问
 *  三、Elasticsearch插件安装
 *   *  3.1 head插件安装
 *  四、Elasticsearch常见问题

# 一、Elasticsearch安装 #

## 1.1 Linux安装 ##

1.  下载地址
    
     *  [https://www.elastic.co/cn/elastic-stack][https_www.elastic.co_cn_elastic-stack]
     *  [https://artifacts.elastic.co/downloads/elasticsearch/elasticsearch-7.8.0-linux-x86\_64.tar.gz][https_artifacts.elastic.co_downloads_elasticsearch_elasticsearch-7.8.0-linux-x86_64.tar.gz]
2.  其他软件下载页面
    
     *  [https://www.elastic.co/cn/downloads/][https_www.elastic.co_cn_downloads]
3.  注意先要安装java环境（es7要求JDK11+），如果未安装也可以，es已经自带JDK11，运行前配置前即可
4.  解压elasticsearch并重命名

tar -zxvf elasticsearch-7.8.0-linux-x86_64.tar.gz -C /opt
    cd /opt
    mv elasticsearch-7.8.0 es

1.  创建es用户和用户组，es不允许使用root用户运行

group add es
    useradd es -g es
    passwd es
    chown -R es:es es

1.  elasticsearch解压完成之后修改config/elasticsearch.yml文件
    
     *  如果是单机节点则可以不需要修改
     *  下面配置了允许外网访问

cluster.name: elasticsearch
    node.name: node-1
    network.host: 0.0.0.0
    http.port: 9200
    cluster.initial_master_nodes: ["node-1"]
    http.cors.enabled: true
    http.cors.allow-origin: "*"

1.  直接运行即可bin/elasticsearch即可

cd /opt/es/bin
    su es
    ./elasticsearch -d

1.  如果想把 Elasticsearch 作为一个守护进程在后台运行，那么可以在后面添加参数 -d
2.  默认启动后将会占用9200和9300端口，如果有防火墙或者安全组需要运行通过
    
     *  9300：通信端口
     *  9200：http端口
3.  es7+要求JDK版本至少是11，所以当启动时可能报错，所以要么升级JDK版本，要么配置ES运行JDK版本

*  在ES安装目录中已经自带了JDK11

![1d66e7ea592dea391100ed5752b7821e.png][]

*  修改bin/elasticsearch-env，在此目录中配置JAVA\_HOME路径为ES下的jdk路径即可

![11a87aced7667c99f953d4554ea5e5aa.png][]

<table> 
 <thead> 
  <tr> 
   <th><strong>目录</strong></th> 
   <th><strong>含义</strong></th> 
  </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td>bin</td> 
   <td>可执行脚本目录</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>config</td> 
   <td>配置目录</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>jdk</td> 
   <td>内置JDK目录</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>lib</td> 
   <td>类库</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>logs</td> 
   <td>日志目录</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>modules</td> 
   <td>模块目录</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>plugins</td> 
   <td>插件目录</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

## 1.2 Windows安装 ##

1.  下载windows版本的elasticsearch
    
     *  [https://artifacts.elastic.co/downloads/elasticsearch/elasticsearch-7.8.0-windows-x86\_64.zip][https_artifacts.elastic.co_downloads_elasticsearch_elasticsearch-7.8.0-windows-x86_64.zip]
2.  解压压缩包
3.  运行**bin/elasticsearch.bat**即可启动

## 1.3 Docker安装 ##

1.  下载docker elasticsearch文件

docker pull elasticsearch:7.8.0

1.  参考文档
    
     *  [https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/docker.html\#docker][https_www.elastic.co_guide_en_elasticsearch_reference_current_docker.html_docker]
2.  启动es
    
     *  如果是单节点则必须加入\*\*-e “discovery.type=single-node”\*\*，否则需要指定节点名称
     *  具体可以参考es官方docker文档

docker run -d --name es -p 9200:9200 -p 9300:9300 -e ES_JAVA_OPTS="-Xms512m -Xmx512m" -e "discovery.type=single-node" <ImageId>

1.  启动结果

![c3d578ad27366cb9c88e6cf3f53c623b.png][]

## 1.4 连接测试 ##

1.  浏览器：[http://localhost:9200/?pretty][http_localhost_9200_pretty]
2.  Linux：

curl http://localhost:9200/?pretty

{ 
    	"name": "tianxin",
    	"cluster_name": "elasticsearch",
    	"cluster_uuid": "aTt3P85JRhW85BmIUJWpjw",
    	"version": { 
    		"number": "7.8.0",
    		"build_flavor": "default",
    		"build_type": "tar",
    		"build_hash": "757314695644ea9a1dc2fecd26d1a43856725e65",
    		"build_date": "2020-06-14T19:35:50.234439Z",
    		"build_snapshot": false,
    		"lucene_version": "8.5.1",
    		"minimum_wire_compatibility_version": "6.8.0",
    		"minimum_index_compatibility_version": "6.0.0-beta1"
    	},
    	"tagline": "You Know, for Search"
    }

# 二、Elasticsearch外网访问 #

1.  ES安装完成之后默认只能在本机进行访问，如果需要能通过外部访问，则需要配置外网访问
2.  修改es目录下**config/elasticsearch.yml**文件，将**network.host**设置为机器ip
    
     *  **network.host: <ip地址>**
        
         *  如果需要所有地址都能访问，则可以配置**0.0.0.0**
     *  **cluster.initial\_master\_nodes: \[“node-1”\]**
        
         *  配置单节点启动

1.  配置完成后重启ES，然后通过外网访问

![f3e20a04df88a0a528293c46ea8a24a9.png][]

# 三、Elasticsearch插件安装 #

## 3.1 head插件安装 ##

1.  由于elasticsearch-head插件是由nodejs语言编写，所以安装elasticsearch-head前需要先安装nodejs和grunt
2.  下载nodejs压缩包任意解压目录，然后配置环境变量
    
     *  vim /etc/profile
     *  添加以下环境变量
     *  source /etc/profile

export NODE_HOME=/opt/node
    export PATH=$PATH:$NODE_HOME/bin

1.  查看node安装完成之后的版本

[root@tianxin node]# node -v
    v14.15.4

1.  安装grunt，直接使用npm安装即可

npm install -g grunt-cli

[root@tianxin node]# npm install -g grunt-cli
    npm WARN deprecated resolve-url@0.2.1: https://github.com/lydell/resolve-url#deprecated
    npm WARN deprecated urix@0.1.0: Please see https://github.com/lydell/urix#deprecated
    /opt/node/bin/grunt -> /opt/node/lib/node_modules/grunt-cli/bin/grunt
    + grunt-cli@1.3.2
    added 153 packages from 126 contributors in 31.658s
    [root@tianxin node]# grunt --version
    grunt-cli v1.3.2

1.  在es安装目录下新建**dashboard/head**文件夹(随意为之)，拉取elasticsearch-head到head文件夹中
    
     *  码云：[https://gitee.com/tianxincoord/elasticsearch-head.git][https_gitee.com_tianxincoord_elasticsearch-head.git]
     *  GitHub：[https://github.com/mobz/elasticsearch-head.git][https_github.com_mobz_elasticsearch-head.git]

git clone https://gitee.com/tianxincoord/elasticsearch-head.git

1.  安装head插件
    
     *  可以安装淘宝镜像

npm install -g cnpm --registry=https://registry.npm.taobao.org

*  head插件安装

# npm安装
    cd elasticsearch-head/
    npm install
    npm run start

*  淘宝安装

# cnpm安装
    cd elasticsearch-head/
    cnpm install
    cnpm run start

1.  安装完成之后打开9100端口即可访问

![b0ab6f6ecd8c16ae0b0d0c78af92b68c.png][]

1.  **config/elasticsearch.yml**需要配置允许跨域，否则无法连接

http.cors.enabled: true
    http.cors.allow-origin: "*"

# 四、Elasticsearch常见问题 #

1.  java.lang.RuntimeException: can not run elasticsearch as root
    
     *  不能以root用户运行ES，需要使用es，所以切换 su es之后再运行即可
2.  ERROR: \[1\] bootstrap checks failed  
    \[1\]: the default discovery settings are unsuitable for production use; at least one of \[discovery.seed\_hosts, discovery.seed\_providers, cluster.initial\_master\_nodes\] must be configured
    
     *  es要求discovery.seed\_hosts、discovery.seed\_providers、 cluster.initial\_master\_nodes必须要配置其中之一
     *  例如下面配置的配置任选其一，配置之后重新启动即可
        
         *  cluster.initial\_master\_nodes: \[“node-1”\]
         *  discovery.seed\_hosts: \[“172.16.127.129”\]

![58307904e4ae71d2e5f5bbb79184486b.png][]

1.  Java HotSpot™ 64-Bit Server VM warning: Option UseConcMarkSweepGC was deprecated in version 9.0 and will likely be removed in a future release.
    
     *  UseConcMarkSweepGC 垃圾回收器已经不建议使用，在后面会被删除
     *  修改config/jvm.options，修改垃圾回收器

# 注释UseConcMarkSweepGC
    # 8-13:-XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC
    # 修改为+UseG1GC
    8-13:-XX:+UseG1GC

![434361f7a4c6044513b7bc818112c597.png][]

1.  max file descriptors \[4096\] for elasticsearch process is too low，increase to at least \[65535\]
    
     *  修改\*\*/etc/security/limits.conf\*\*，加入下面配置
     *  \*表示所有用户，如果需要单个则指定具体用户名即可

es soft nofile 65535
    es hard nofile 65535

*  修改/etc/security/limits.d/20-nproc.conf文件，增加下面配置

# 在文件末尾中增加下面内容
    # 每个进程可以打开的文件数的限制
    es soft nofile 65536
    es hard nofile 65536
    # 操作系统级别对每个用户创建的进程数的限制
    * hard nproc 4096
    # 注：* 带表Linux所有用户名称

1.  max virtual memory areas vm.max\_map\_count \[65530\] is too low, increase to at least \[262144\]
    
     *  配置的虚拟内存太小，需要在\*\*/etc/sysctl.conf\*\*加大虚拟内存

# 编辑配置文件
    vim /etc/sysctl.conf
    # 加入虚拟内存配置
    vm.max_map_count=262144
    # 重新加载配置
    sysctl -p

[https_www.elastic.co_cn_elastic-stack]: https://www.elastic.co/cn/elastic-stack
[https_artifacts.elastic.co_downloads_elasticsearch_elasticsearch-7.8.0-linux-x86_64.tar.gz]: https://artifacts.elastic.co/downloads/elasticsearch/elasticsearch-7.8.0-linux-x86_64.tar.gz
[https_www.elastic.co_cn_downloads]: https://www.elastic.co/cn/downloads/
[1d66e7ea592dea391100ed5752b7821e.png]: /images/20220829/ecbdc4a270914002a17964e46d694606.png
[11a87aced7667c99f953d4554ea5e5aa.png]: /images/20220829/5639b80f75874e87aaeea0189a1565ac.png
[https_artifacts.elastic.co_downloads_elasticsearch_elasticsearch-7.8.0-windows-x86_64.zip]: https://artifacts.elastic.co/downloads/elasticsearch/elasticsearch-7.8.0-windows-x86_64.zip
[https_www.elastic.co_guide_en_elasticsearch_reference_current_docker.html_docker]: https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/docker.html#docker
[c3d578ad27366cb9c88e6cf3f53c623b.png]: /images/20220829/ccbcc154e7bf43dd801d30532a22d911.png
[http_localhost_9200_pretty]: http://localhost:9200/?pretty
[f3e20a04df88a0a528293c46ea8a24a9.png]: /images/20220829/2d3b3d5f618745e4a15aeb87674e98f3.png
[https_gitee.com_tianxincoord_elasticsearch-head.git]: https://gitee.com/tianxincoord/elasticsearch-head.git
[https_github.com_mobz_elasticsearch-head.git]: https://github.com/mobz/elasticsearch-head.git
[b0ab6f6ecd8c16ae0b0d0c78af92b68c.png]: /images/20220829/6588a2c492e94420980516979b922052.png
[58307904e4ae71d2e5f5bbb79184486b.png]: /images/20220829/594c4680f9ed4ef9a982d5bc15620196.png
[434361f7a4c6044513b7bc818112c597.png]: /images/20220829/23aa68ba8f9d48018cc354015510051e.png