Elasticsearch-核心篇(11)-SpringBoot框架整合开发

本是古典何须时尚 2022-09-07 09:54 283阅读 0赞

### 文章目录 ###

*  一、SpringBoot集成ES
 *  二、ElasticsearchRestTemplate
 *  三、ElasticsearchRepository

# 一、SpringBoot集成ES #

*  添加maven依赖，加入核心包spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch，注意需要排除elasticsearch-rest-high-level-client并指定其核心版本和安装的ES版本一致

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
        <parent>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.4</version>
            <relativePath/>
        </parent>
        <groupId>com.codecoord</groupId>
        <artifactId>springboot-elasticsearch</artifactId>
        <version>1.0</version>
        <name>springboot-elasticsearch</name>
        <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
    
        <properties>
            <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        </properties>
    
        <dependencies>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch</artifactId>
                
                <exclusions>
                    <exclusion>
                        <groupId>org.elasticsearch.client</groupId>
                        <artifactId>elasticsearch-rest-high-level-client</artifactId>
                    </exclusion>
                </exclusions>
            </dependency>
    
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.elasticsearch.client</groupId>
                <artifactId>elasticsearch-rest-high-level-client</artifactId>
                <version>7.8.0</version>
            </dependency>
          
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
                <version>1.2.74</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    
        <build>
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </build>
    </project>

*  配置文件增加配置信息

spring:
      elasticsearch:
        rest:
          uris: http://127.0.0.1:9200

# 二、ElasticsearchRestTemplate #

1.  ElasticsearchRestTemplate提供操作ES的模板类
2.  新建SpringBoot实体类，用于操作基础文档
    
     *  @Document(indexName = “springboot”, shards = 1, replicas = 1)
        
         *  配置索引名称、分片数、副本数，项目启动时将会自动创建索引
     *  @Id
        
         *  指定id字段
     *  @Field(type = FieldType.Keyword)
        
         *  配置字段为关键字
     *  @Field(type = FieldType.Text)
        
         *  配置字段为普通文本字段

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
    import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
    import lombok.Getter;
    import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
    import lombok.Setter;
    import org.springframework.data.annotation.Id;
    import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.annotations.Document;
    import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.annotations.Field;
    import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.annotations.FieldType;
    
    @Getter
    @Setter
    @NoArgsConstructor
    @AllArgsConstructor
    @Document(indexName = "springboot", shards = 1, replicas = 1)
    public class SpringBoot { 
        /** * 必须有id，这里的id是全局唯一的标识，等同于es中的"_id" */
        @Id
        private Long id;
        /** * type : 字段数据类型 * analyzer : 分词器类型 * index : 是否索引(默认:true) * Keyword : 短语,不进行分词 */
        @Field(type = FieldType.Keyword)
        private String name;
        @Field(type = FieldType.Text)
        private String createTime;
    
        @Override
        public String toString() { 
            return JSONObject.toJSONString(this);
        }
    }

*  FieldType枚举值

public enum FieldType { 
    	Auto,
    	Text,
    	Keyword,
    	Long,
    	Integer,
    	Short,
    	Byte,
    	Double,
    	Float,
    	Half_Float,
    	Scaled_Float,
    	Date,
    	Date_Nanos,
    	Boolean,
    	Binary,
    	Integer_Range,
    	Float_Range,
    	Long_Range,
    	Double_Range,
    	Date_Range,
    	Ip_Range,
    	Object,
    	Nested,
    	Ip,
    	TokenCount,
    	Percolator,
    	Flattened,
    	Search_As_You_Type,
    	Rank_Feature,
    	Rank_Features
    }

1.  创建打印工具类，用于美化json输出

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
    import com.alibaba.fastjson.serializer.SerializerFeature;
    
    public class PrintUtil { 
    
        public static void prettyPrint(Object resource) { 
            System.out.println(JSONObject.toJSONString(resource, SerializerFeature.PrettyFormat));
        }
    }

1.  模板类使用示例

import com.codecoord.springboot.elasticsearch.domain.SpringBoot;
    import com.codecoord.springboot.elasticsearch.util.PrintUtil;
    import java.time.LocalDateTime;
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.List;
    import javax.annotation.Resource;
    import org.elasticsearch.index.query.BoolQueryBuilder;
    import org.elasticsearch.index.query.MatchAllQueryBuilder;
    import org.elasticsearch.index.query.MatchPhraseQueryBuilder;
    import org.elasticsearch.index.query.MatchQueryBuilder;
    import org.elasticsearch.index.query.MultiMatchQueryBuilder;
    import org.elasticsearch.index.query.QueryBuilders;
    import org.elasticsearch.index.query.TermQueryBuilder;
    import org.elasticsearch.index.query.TermsQueryBuilder;
    import org.elasticsearch.search.aggregations.AggregationBuilders;
    import org.elasticsearch.search.aggregations.metrics.StatsAggregationBuilder;
    import org.elasticsearch.search.fetch.subphase.highlight.HighlightBuilder;
    import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
    import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
    import org.springframework.data.domain.PageRequest;
    import org.springframework.data.domain.Sort;
    import org.springframework.data.domain.Sort.Order;
    import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.core.ElasticsearchRestTemplate;
    import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.core.SearchHits;
    import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.core.mapping.IndexCoordinates;
    import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.core.query.HighlightQuery;
    import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.core.query.NativeSearchQuery;
    
    @SpringBootTest(classes = SpringbootElasticsearchApplication.class)
    class ElasticsearchRestTemplateApplicationTests { 
    
        private static final IndexCoordinates INDEX = IndexCoordinates.of("springboot");
    
        @Resource
        private ElasticsearchRestTemplate elasticsearchRestTemplate;
    
        /** * 创建索引 */
        @Test
        void creteIndex() { 
            boolean success = elasticsearchRestTemplate.indexOps(INDEX).create();
            System.out.println("success = " + success);
        }
    
        /** * 删除索引 */
        @Test
        void deleteIndex() { 
            boolean success = elasticsearchRestTemplate.indexOps(INDEX).delete();
            System.out.println("success = " + success);
        }
    
        /** * 创建文档 */
        @Test
        void createDocument() { 
            SpringBoot springBoot = new SpringBoot(1L, "SpringBoot001", LocalDateTime.now().toString());
            SpringBoot springboot = elasticsearchRestTemplate.save(springBoot, INDEX);
            System.out.println("springboot = " + springboot);
        }
    
        /** * 批量创建文档 */
        @Test
        void createDocumentBatch() { 
            List<SpringBoot> springBoots = new ArrayList<>();
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { 
                SpringBoot springBoot = new SpringBoot(i + 1L, "SpringBoot00" + (i + 1), LocalDateTime.now().toString());
                springBoots.add(springBoot);
            }
            Iterable<SpringBoot> save = elasticsearchRestTemplate.save(springBoots, INDEX);
            System.out.println(save);
        }
    
        /** * 查询文档 */
        @Test
        void queryDocument() { 
            // 根据id查询数据
            SpringBoot springboot = elasticsearchRestTemplate.get("1", SpringBoot.class, INDEX);
            System.out.println("springboot = " + springboot);
        }
    
        /** * 删除文档 */
        @Test
        void deleteDocument() { 
            String springboot = elasticsearchRestTemplate.delete("1", INDEX);
            System.out.println("springboot = " + springboot);
        }
    
        /** * 高级查询-查询全部 */
        @Test
        void advanceQueryDocumentMatchAll() { 
            MatchAllQueryBuilder matchAllQueryBuilder = QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery();
            NativeSearchQuery searchQuery = new NativeSearchQuery(matchAllQueryBuilder);
            SearchHits<SpringBoot> searchHits = elasticsearchRestTemplate.search(searchQuery, SpringBoot.class, INDEX);
            PrintUtil.prettyPrint(searchHits);
        }
    
        /** * 高级查询-匹配查询 */
        @Test
        void advanceQueryDocumentMatch() { 
            MatchQueryBuilder queryBuilder = QueryBuilders.matchQuery("name", "SpringBoot001");
            NativeSearchQuery searchQuery = new NativeSearchQuery(queryBuilder);
            SearchHits<SpringBoot> searchHits = elasticsearchRestTemplate.search(searchQuery, SpringBoot.class, INDEX);
            PrintUtil.prettyPrint(searchHits);
        }
    
        /** * 高级查询-短语匹配查询 */
        @Test
        void advanceQueryDocumentMatchPhrase() { 
            MatchPhraseQueryBuilder queryBuilder = QueryBuilders.matchPhraseQuery("name", "SpringBoot001");
            NativeSearchQuery searchQuery = new NativeSearchQuery(queryBuilder);
            SearchHits<SpringBoot> searchHits = elasticsearchRestTemplate.search(searchQuery, SpringBoot.class, INDEX);
            PrintUtil.prettyPrint(searchHits);
        }
    
        /** * 高级查询-多词匹配查询 */
        @Test
        void advanceQueryDocumentMultiMatch() { 
            MultiMatchQueryBuilder queryBuilder = QueryBuilders.multiMatchQuery("SpringBoot001", "name");
            NativeSearchQuery searchQuery = new NativeSearchQuery(queryBuilder);
            SearchHits<SpringBoot> searchHits = elasticsearchRestTemplate.search(searchQuery, SpringBoot.class, INDEX);
            PrintUtil.prettyPrint(searchHits);
        }
    
        /** * 高级查询-精准查询 */
        @Test
        void advanceQueryDocumentTerm() { 
            TermQueryBuilder queryBuilder = QueryBuilders.termQuery("id", "1");
            NativeSearchQuery searchQuery = new NativeSearchQuery(queryBuilder);
            SearchHits<SpringBoot> searchHits = elasticsearchRestTemplate.search(searchQuery, SpringBoot.class, INDEX);
            PrintUtil.prettyPrint(searchHits);
        }
    
    
        /** * 高级查询-多词精准查询 */
        @Test
        void advanceQueryDocumentTerms() { 
            TermsQueryBuilder queryBuilder = QueryBuilders.termsQuery("id", "1", "2");
            NativeSearchQuery searchQuery = new NativeSearchQuery(queryBuilder);
            SearchHits<SpringBoot> searchHits = elasticsearchRestTemplate.search(searchQuery, SpringBoot.class, INDEX);
            PrintUtil.prettyPrint(searchHits);
        }
    
        /** * 高级查询-分页查询 */
        @Test
        void advanceQueryDocumentPage() { 
            MatchAllQueryBuilder queryBuilder = QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery();
    
            NativeSearchQuery searchQuery = new NativeSearchQuery(queryBuilder);
            // 设置分页，按照id进行排序，注意排序字段需要是数值类型
            searchQuery.setPageable(PageRequest.of(0, 2, Sort.by(Order.asc("id"))));
            SearchHits<SpringBoot> searchHits = elasticsearchRestTemplate.search(searchQuery, SpringBoot.class, INDEX);
            PrintUtil.prettyPrint(searchHits);
        }
    
        /** * 高级查询-组合查询 */
        @Test
        void advanceQueryDocumentBool() { 
            BoolQueryBuilder queryBuilder = QueryBuilders.boolQuery();
            queryBuilder.must(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("id", 1L));
            queryBuilder.mustNot(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("name", "SpringBoot002"));
            queryBuilder.should(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("name", "SpringBoot006"));
    
            NativeSearchQuery searchQuery = new NativeSearchQuery(queryBuilder);
            SearchHits<SpringBoot> searchHits = elasticsearchRestTemplate.search(searchQuery, SpringBoot.class, INDEX);
            PrintUtil.prettyPrint(searchHits);
        }
    
        /** * 高级查询-聚合查询 */
        @Test
        void advanceQueryDocumentAggregation() { 
            MatchAllQueryBuilder queryBuilder = QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery();
            NativeSearchQuery searchQuery = new NativeSearchQuery(queryBuilder);
    
            // 注意聚合字段需要数值类型
            StatsAggregationBuilder builder = AggregationBuilders.stats("aggs_group");
            builder.field("id");
    
            searchQuery.addAggregation(builder);
            SearchHits<SpringBoot> searchHits = elasticsearchRestTemplate.search(searchQuery, SpringBoot.class, INDEX);
            PrintUtil.prettyPrint(searchHits);
        }
    
        /** * 高级查询-高亮查询 */
        @Test
        void advanceQueryDocumentHighlight() { 
            MatchQueryBuilder queryBuilder = QueryBuilders.matchQuery("name", "SpringBoot001");
            NativeSearchQuery searchQuery = new NativeSearchQuery(queryBuilder);
    
            HighlightBuilder highlightQueryBuilder = new HighlightBuilder();
            highlightQueryBuilder.preTags("<em>");
            highlightQueryBuilder.postTags("</em>");
            highlightQueryBuilder.field("name");
            searchQuery.setHighlightQuery(new HighlightQuery(highlightQueryBuilder));
    
            SearchHits<SpringBoot> searchHits = elasticsearchRestTemplate.search(searchQuery, SpringBoot.class, INDEX);
            PrintUtil.prettyPrint(searchHits);
        }
    }

# 三、ElasticsearchRepository #

1.  ElasticsearchRepository封装了常用的增删改查操作，但是不支持复杂查询、删除没有返回值，无法确定是否成功删除
2.  ElasticsearchRepository需要创建接口作为实现接口

import com.codecoord.springboot.elasticsearch.domain.Product;
    import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.repository.ElasticsearchRepository;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
    
    @Repository
    public interface ProductDao extends ElasticsearchRepository<Product, Long> { 
    
    }

1.  创建Product，用于操作文档

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
    import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
    import lombok.Getter;
    import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
    import lombok.Setter;
    import org.springframework.data.annotation.Id;
    import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.annotations.Document;
    import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.annotations.Field;
    import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.annotations.FieldType;
    
    @Getter
    @Setter
    @NoArgsConstructor
    @AllArgsConstructor
    @Document(indexName = "product", shards = 1, replicas = 1)
    public class Product { 
        @Id
        private Long id;
        /** * 商品名称 */
        @Field(type = FieldType.Text, analyzer = "ik_max_word")
        private String title;
        /** * 分类名称 */
        @Field(type = FieldType.Keyword)
        private String category;
        /** * 商品价格 */
        @Field(type = FieldType.Double)
        private Double price;
        /** * 图片地址 */
        @Field(type = FieldType.Keyword, index = false)
        private String images;
    
        @Override
        public String toString() { 
            return JSONObject.toJSONString(this);
        }
    }

1.  仓库类使用示例

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
    import com.codecoord.springboot.elasticsearch.dao.ProductDao;
    import com.codecoord.springboot.elasticsearch.domain.Product;
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.Arrays;
    import java.util.List;
    import java.util.Optional;
    import javax.annotation.Resource;
    import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
    import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
    import org.springframework.data.domain.Page;
    import org.springframework.data.domain.PageRequest;
    import org.springframework.data.domain.Sort;
    import org.springframework.data.domain.Sort.Order;
    
    @SpringBootTest(classes = SpringbootElasticsearchApplication.class)
    class ElasticsearchRepositoryApplicationTests { 
    
        @Resource
        private ProductDao productDao;
    
        /** * 创建文档 */
        @Test
        void createDocument() { 
            Product product = new Product(1L, "HUAWEI Mate30", "华为", 4999D, "http://www.codecoord.com/favicon.ico");
            Product save = productDao.save(product);
            System.out.println(save);
        }
    
        /** * 批量创建文档 */
        @Test
        void createDocumentBatch() { 
            List<Product> productList = new ArrayList<>();
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { 
                productList.add(new Product(i + 1L, "HUAWEI Mate30", "华为", 3999D, String.valueOf(i)));
            }
            Iterable<Product> products = productDao.saveAll(productList);
            System.out.println(products);
        }
    
        /** * 查询文档 */
        @Test
        void queryDocument() { 
            // 通过id单个查询
            Optional<Product> product = productDao.findById(1L);
            System.out.println(product);
    
            printLine();
    
            // 通过id批量查询
            List<Long> ids = Arrays.asList(1L, 2L);
            Iterable<Product> products = productDao.findAllById(ids);
            System.out.println(products);
    
            printLine();
    
            // 查询所有(排序)
            Iterable<Product> sortProduct = productDao.findAll(Sort.by(Order.desc("id")));
            System.out.println(sortProduct);
    
            printLine();
    
            // 分页查询，按照id进行排序
            Page<Product> productPage = productDao.findAll(PageRequest.of(0, 3, Sort.by(Order.asc("id"))));
            System.out.println(JSONObject.toJSONString(productPage));
        }
    
        /** * 统计文档 */
        @Test
        void countDocument() { 
            // 计数
            long count = productDao.count();
            System.out.println("count = " + count);
    
            printLine();
    
            // 判断id是否存在
            boolean exists = productDao.existsById(1L);
            System.out.println("exists = " + exists);
        }
    
        /** * 更新文档 */
        @Test
        void updateDocument() { 
            Product product = new Product(1L, "HUAWEI Mate30", "华为", 4999D, "更新");
            Product save = productDao.save(product);
            System.out.println(save);
        }
    
    
        /** * 删除文档(注意此处删除没有返回值，无法确定删除结果) */
        @Test
        void deleteDocument() { 
            // 删除所有
            // productDao.deleteAll();
            // 根据id删除
            productDao.deleteById(1L);
        }
    
        private void printLine() { 
            System.out.println("-------------------------------");
        }
    }