【转】How to install VNC server on ubuntu 14.04

客官°小女子只卖身不卖艺 2022-09-08 03:35 164阅读 0赞

转自：[https://www.krizna.com/ubuntu/install-vnc-server-ubuntu-14-04/][https_www.krizna.com_ubuntu_install-vnc-server-ubuntu-14-04]

[VNC server][] is used to share graphical desktop which can be controlled from other computers . This guide is helpful to install VNC server on [Ubuntu Desktop 14.04][], [Ubuntu server 14.04][] and [Ubuntu cloud 14.04][] .  
Basically ubuntu server and ubuntu cloud editions does not contains GUI, which needs to be installed before installing VNC server. Please note that server and cloud editions are carefully designed to utilize less hardware resources ( minimal environment ), installing GUI might leads to high hardware utilization.

### Install gui on ubuntu server 14.04 ###

Issue the below command to install GUI on server and cloud editions.  
`krizna@leela:~$ sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends ubuntu-desktop`Use **–no-install-recommends** key to keep GUI minimal. this will skip extra tools and apps and will install only basic desktop environment with few supported tools . Ubuntu desktop users can skip this command .

## Install VNC server on ubuntu 14.04 ##

**Step 1 »** Start installing below gnome packages which helps VNC to load properly . These packages are required for all editions including ubuntu desktop .  
`krizna@leela:~$ sudo apt-get install gnome-panel gnome-settings-daemon metacity nautilus gnome-terminal`  
**Step 2 »** Now install vnc4server package.  
`krizna@leela:~$ sudo apt-get install vnc4server`  
**Step 3 »** Open **/usr/bin/vncserver** file and edit as follows . Before editing, make a backup copy.  
`krizna@leela:~$ sudo cp /usr/bin/vncserver /usr/bin/vncserver.bkp`  
`krizna@leela:~$ sudo nano /usr/bin/vncserver`Find this line ( Line no:57 )  
`"# exec /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrcnn".`and add these lines like below

<table> 
 <tbody> 
 <tr> 
 <td> 1 2 3 4 5 6 </td> 
 <td> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;"# exec /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrcnn". &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; "gnome-panel &amp;n". &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; "gnome-settings-daemon &amp;n". &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; "metacity &amp;n". &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; "nautilus &amp;n". &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; "gnome-terminal &amp;n". </td> 
 </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

**Step 4 »** Now type the command **vncserver** to start VNC session. you will be prompted for creating new vnc password.  
`krizna@leela:~$ vncserver You will require a password to access your desktops. Password:****** Verify:****** xauth: file /home/boby/.Xauthority does not exist New 'leela:1 (krizna)' desktop is leela:1 Creating default startup script /home/krizna/.vnc/xstartup Starting applications specified in /home/krizna/.vnc/xstartup Log file is /home/krizna/.vnc/leela:1.log`  
**Step 5 »** Now you can view your remote desktop using IP address and port ( Eg : 192.168.1.10:1 ).

[![install vnc server on ubuntu 14.04][]][install vnc server on ubuntu 14.04 1]

[![install gui on ubuntu server][]][install gui on ubuntu server 1]

That’s it, your VNC server is working.

## VNC server as service ##

Just like centos and other flavours , you can run VNC server as service in ubuntu.  
This is very helpful, as it automatically starts vnc sessions when restarting the server.  
**Step 6 »** Create a file **vncserver** in **/etc/init.d/** directory  
`krizna@leela:~$ sudo nano /etc/init.d/vncserver`and add the below code .

<table> 
 <tbody> 
 <tr> 
 <td> 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 </td> 
 <td> #!/bin/bash ### BEGIN INIT INFO # Provides:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;VNCSERVER # Required-Start:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;$remote_fs $syslog # Required-Stop:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; $remote_fs $syslog # Default-Start:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2 3 4 5 # Default-Stop:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0 1 6 # Short-Description: Start daemon at boot time # Description:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Enable service provided by daemon. ### END INIT INFO unset VNCSERVERARGS VNCSERVERS="" [ -f /etc/vncservers.conf ] &amp;&amp; . /etc/vncservers.conf prog=$"VNC server" start() { . /lib/lsb/init-functions REQ_USER=$2 echo -n $"Starting $prog: " ulimit -S -c 0 &gt;/dev/null 2&gt;&amp;1 RETVAL=0 for display in ${VNCSERVERS} do export USER="${display##*:}" if test -z "${REQ_USER}" -o "${REQ_USER}" == ${USER} ; then echo -n "${display} " unset BASH_ENV ENV DISP="${display%%:*}" export VNCUSERARGS="${VNCSERVERARGS[${DISP}]}" su ${USER} -c "cd ~${USER} &amp;&amp; [ -f .vnc/passwd ] &amp;&amp; vncserver :${DISP} ${VNCUSERARGS}" fi done } stop() { . /lib/lsb/init-functions REQ_USER=$2 echo -n $"Shutting down VNCServer: " for display in ${VNCSERVERS} do export USER="${display##*:}" if test -z "${REQ_USER}" -o "${REQ_USER}" == ${USER} ; then echo -n "${display} " unset BASH_ENV ENV export USER="${display##*:}" su ${USER} -c "vncserver -kill :${display%%:*}" &gt;/dev/null 2&gt;&amp;1 fi done echo -e "n" echo "VNCServer Stopped" } case "$1" in start) start $@ ;; stop) stop $@ ;; restart|reload) stop $@ sleep 3 start $@ ;; condrestart) if [ -f /var/lock/subsys/vncserver ]; then stop $@ sleep 3 start $@ fi ;; status) status Xvnc ;; *) echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|condrestart|status}" exit 1 esac </td> 
 </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

**Step 7 »** Modify execute permission for the file.  
`krizna@leela:~$ sudo chmod +x /etc/init.d/vncserver`  
**Step 8 »** Create **vncservers.conf** file in **/etc/** directory as stated in service code.  
`krizna@leela:~$ sudo nano /etc/vncservers.conf`and add the below lines for starting vnc session for the user krizna.

<table> 
 <tbody> 
 <tr> 
 <td> 1 2 </td> 
 <td> VNCSERVERS="1:krizna" VNCSERVERARGS[1]="-geometry 1024x768" </td> 
 </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

**For additional vnc users**.  
Login into the user  
`krizna@leela:~$ su - bobby`Create VNC password by the below command . **vncserver** command ( step 4) is not required when starting as service .  
`bobby@leela:~$ vncpasswd Password: Verify:`  
Add user to the file.

<table> 
 <tbody> 
 <tr> 
 <td> 1 2 3 </td> 
 <td> VNCSERVERS="1:krizna 2:bobby" VNCSERVERARGS[1]="-geometry 1024x768" VNCSERVERARGS[2]="-geometry 1024x768" </td> 
 </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

Now user krizna can be accessed using serverip:1 ( 192.168.1.10:1 )and bobby using serverip:2 ( 192.168.1.10:2 ).  
**Step 9 »** Issue the below command to add vncserver service to default runlevels.  
`krizna@leela:~$ sudo update-rc.d vncserver defaults`  
**Step 10 »** Now start/restart the service.  
`krizna@leela:~$ sudo /etc/init.d/vncserver start`\[or\]  
`krizna@leela:~$ sudo /etc/init.d/vncserver restart`

[![install gui on ubuntu cloud][]][install gui on ubuntu cloud 1]

All the best.

Also see :  
» [Enable remote desktop ubuntu 16.04][]

[https_www.krizna.com_ubuntu_install-vnc-server-ubuntu-14-04]: https://www.krizna.com/ubuntu/install-vnc-server-ubuntu-14-04/
[VNC server]: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_Network_Computing
[Ubuntu Desktop 14.04]: http://www.ubuntu.com/desktop
[Ubuntu server 14.04]: http://www.ubuntu.com/server
[Ubuntu cloud 14.04]: http://www.ubuntu.com/cloud
[install vnc server on ubuntu 14.04]: /images/20220829/fdf3317596d740aba933c21dff29db18.png
[install vnc server on ubuntu 14.04 1]: https://www.krizna.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/install-vnc-server-ubuntu-14-04.jpg
[install gui on ubuntu server]: /images/20220829/30ecf62900d2491b986d7a499e1f667d.png
[install gui on ubuntu server 1]: https://www.krizna.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/install-vnc-server-ubuntu-14-04-1.jpg
[install gui on ubuntu cloud]: /images/20220829/a9dc80b613f442f584987748aae3669c.png
[install gui on ubuntu cloud 1]: https://www.krizna.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/install-vnc-server-ubuntu-14-04-2.jpg
[Enable remote desktop ubuntu 16.04]: https://www.krizna.com/ubuntu/enable-remote-desktop-ubuntu-16-04-vnc/