juc包下四大并发工具

ゞ浴缸里的玫瑰 2022-09-09 11:53 207阅读 0赞

**1.juc.CountDownLatch 闭锁**

一个线程在等待一组线程后再恢复执行

await（）等待其他线程执行完毕

被等待线程执行完毕后计数器-1

如何知道其他线程执行完了？

计数器，若一组线程为，CountDown为5，减到0代表等待线程被全部执行完毕

一次性工具：当Countdown的值减到0的时候再也无法恢复

juc内部的代码都是lock体系来实现的

import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
    import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
    
    
    // 运动员线程
    class CDLTask implements Runnable {
        private CountDownLatch countDownLatch;
    
        public CDLTask(CountDownLatch countDownLatch) {
            this.countDownLatch = countDownLatch;
        }
    
        @Override
        public void run() {
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"开始跑步");
            try {
                TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"到达终点");
                countDownLatch.countDown();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
    
    
    public class CountDownLatchDemo {
        public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
            CountDownLatch countDownLatch = new CountDownLatch(4);
            CDLTask cdlTask = new CDLTask(countDownLatch);
            System.out.println("比赛开始...");
            new Thread(cdlTask,"运动员A").start();
            new Thread(cdlTask,"运动员B").start();
            new Thread(cdlTask,"运动员C").start();
            new Thread(cdlTask,"运动员D").start();
            // 等待所有线程都到达终点后再输出此语句
            countDownLatch.await();
            System.out.println("比赛结束...");
        }
    }

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**2.juc.CyclicBarrier 循环栅栏**

一组线程同时到达临界点后再恢复执行（先到达临界点的线程会阻塞，直到所有线程都到达临界点）

public CyclicBarrier(int parties, Runnable barrierAction)

当多个线程同时到达临界点时，

随机挑选一个线程执行barrierAction后再同时恢复执行

计数器的值可以恢复

import java.util.concurrent.BrokenBarrierException;
    import java.util.concurrent.CyclicBarrier;
    import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
    
    class CBTask implements Runnable {
        private CyclicBarrier cyclicBarrier;
    
        public CBTask(CyclicBarrier cyclicBarrier) {
            this.cyclicBarrier = cyclicBarrier;
        }
    
        @Override
        public void run() {
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+
                    "正在写入数据...");
            try {
                TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(2);
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+
                        "写入数据完毕，等待其他线程写入完毕...");
                cyclicBarrier.await();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (BrokenBarrierException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            System.out.println("所有线程均已写入完毕，继续恢复执行...");
        }
    }
    class CyclicBarrierDemo {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            CyclicBarrier cyclicBarrier = new CyclicBarrier(4
                    ,() -> {
                System.out.println("当前线程为:"+Thread.currentThread().getName());
            });
            CBTask cbTask = new CBTask(cyclicBarrier);
            for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
                new Thread(cbTask,"写线程"+(i+1)).start();
            }
        }
    }

![5daf71020b189f02d4e5275945239874.png][]

**3.juc.Exchanger 线程交换器**

用于两个线程直线的数据交换，当Exchanger只有一个线程时，该线程会阻塞直到有别的线程  
调用exchange进入缓冲区，当前线程与新线程交换数据后同时恢复执行。

import java.util.concurrent.Exchanger;
    import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
    
    
    class ExchangerDemo {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            Exchanger<String> exchanger = new Exchanger<>();
            Thread girlThread = new Thread(() -> {
                try {
                    String girl = exchanger.exchange("我喜欢你.....");
                    System.out.println("女生说:"+girl);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            });
            girlThread.start();
            Thread boyThread = new Thread(() -> {
                System.out.println("女神缓缓步入眼帘...");
                try {
                    TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);
                    String boy = exchanger.exchange("我喜欢你!");
                    System.out.println("男生说:"+boy);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            });
            boyThread.start();
        }
    }

![bff2ae3a5ded234a12b11364460a3c44.png][]

**4.juc.Semaphore 信号量**

acquire() : 尝试占用一个信号量,失败的线程会阻塞直到有新的信号量

release() : 释放一个信号量

acquire(int n) : 尝试占用n个信号量,失败的线程会阻塞直到有新的信号量

release(int n) : 释放n个信号量

import java.util.concurrent.Semaphore;
    import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
    
    
    class SemaphoreTask implements Runnable {
        private Semaphore semaphore;
    
        public SemaphoreTask(Semaphore semaphore) {
            this.semaphore = semaphore;
        }
    
        @Override
        public void run() {
            try {
                semaphore.acquire(2);
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread()
                        .getName()+"占用2台设备生产");
                TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(2);
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread()
                        .getName()+"生产完毕，释放设备");
                semaphore.release(2);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
    class SemaphoreDemo {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            Semaphore semaphore = new Semaphore(5);
            SemaphoreTask task = new SemaphoreTask(semaphore);
            for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
                new Thread(task,"工人"+(i+1)).start();
            }
        }
    }

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[2681e0bbd255d849c445074d8b43d49d.png]: /images/20220829/f94a5d0babcf45b5aada534d50e121fc.png
[5daf71020b189f02d4e5275945239874.png]: /images/20220829/0b661c21dc38453a8be3c56f2103b2b1.png
[bff2ae3a5ded234a12b11364460a3c44.png]: /images/20220829/123a386d6e8246edb756e60437421841.png
[e33d2d68910e649d60ef39b8e05d9e99.png]: /images/20220829/1736f499ca3d4d988d25f0ca2b6df222.png