二进制方式部署K8S

雨点打透心脏的1/2处 2022-09-09 13:46 228阅读 0赞

### 文章目录 ###

*   *   *   *  简述
             *   *  生产环境部署K8s集群的两种方式
                 *  准备环境

#### 简述 ####

##### 生产环境部署K8s集群的两种方式 #####

**kubeadm**

Kubeadm是一个K8s部署工具，提供kubeadm init和kubeadm join，用于快速部署Kubernetes集群。

**二进制包**

从github下载发行版的二进制包，手动部署每个组件，组成Kubernetes集群。

小结：Kubeadm降低部署门槛，但屏蔽了很多细节，遇到问题很难排查。如果想更容易可控，推荐使用二进制包部署Kubernetes集群，虽然手动部署麻烦点，期间可以学习很多工作原理，也利于后期维护。

##### 准备环境 #####

**服务器要求**：

1、建议最小硬件配置：2核CPU、2G内存、30G硬盘

2、服务器最好可以访问外网，会有从网上拉取镜像需求，如果服务器不能上网，需要提前下载对应镜像并导入节点

<table> 
 <thead> 
  <tr> 
   <th><strong>软件</strong></th> 
   <th><strong>版本</strong></th> 
  </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td>操作系统</td> 
   <td>CentOS7.x_x64 （mini）</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>容器引擎</td> 
   <td>Docker CE 19</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>Kubernetes</td> 
   <td>Kubernetes v1.20</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

**服务器整体规划**

<table> 
 <thead> 
  <tr> 
   <th><strong>角色</strong></th> 
   <th><strong>IP</strong></th> 
   <th><strong>组件</strong></th> 
  </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td>master</td> 
   <td>192.168.31.71</td> 
   <td>kube-apiserver，kube-controller-manager，kube-scheduler，kubelet，kube-proxy，docker，etcd</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>work1</td> 
   <td>192.168.31.72</td> 
   <td>kubelet，kube-proxy，docker，etcd</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>work2</td> 
   <td>192.168.31.73</td> 
   <td>kubelet，kube-proxy，docker，etcd</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

**操作系统初始化配置**

# 关闭防火墙 
    systemctl stop firewalld 
    systemctl disable firewalld 
    # 关闭selinux  # 永久   # 临时 
    sed -i 's/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/selinux/config 
    setenforce 0 
     
    # 关闭swap  # 临时    # 永久 
    swapoff -a  
    sed -ri 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab  
    # 根据规划设置主机名 
    #hostnamectl set-hostname <hostname> 
    # 在master添加hosts 
    cat >> /etc/hosts << EOF 
    10.0.0.20 master 
    10.0.0.21 work1
    10.0.0.22 work2
    EOF
    ssh-keygen -t rsa
    ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub work1
    # 将桥接的IPv4流量传递到iptables的链  # 生效 
    cat > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf << EOF 
    net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1 
    net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1 
    EOF
    sysctl --system  
    # 时间同步 
    yum install ntpdate -y 
    ntpdate time.windows.com

**部署Etcd集群**

Etcd 是一个分布式键值存储系统，Kubernetes使用Etcd进行数据存储，所以先准备一个Etcd数据库，为解决Etcd单点故障，应采用集群方式部署，这里使用3台组建集群，可容忍1台机器故障，当然，你也可以使用5台组建集群，可容忍2台机器故障。

注：为了节省机器，这里与K8s节点机器复用。也可以独立于k8s集群之外部署，只要apiserver能连接到就行。

#master操作：准备cfssl证书生成工具
    cfssl是一个开源的证书管理工具，使用json文件生成证书，相比openssl更方便使用。
    找任意一台服务器操作，这里用Master节点。
    
    准备cfssl证书生成工具
    wget https://www-1259165587.cos.ap-nanjing.myqcloud.com/package.zip
    yum install -y unzip
    unzip package.zip
    #wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl_linux-amd64
    #wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssljson_linux-amd64
    #wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64
    chmod +x cfssl_linux-amd64 cfssljson_linux-amd64 cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64
    mv cfssl_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssl
    mv cfssljson_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssljson
    mv cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64 /usr/bin/cfssl-certinfo
    
    #生成Etcd证书
    mkdir -p ~/TLS/{
        etcd,k8s}
    cd ~/TLS/etcd
    cat > ca-config.json << EOF
    {
      "signing": {
        "default": {
          "expiry": "87600h"
        },
        "profiles": {
          "www": {
             "expiry": "87600h",
             "usages": [
                "signing",
                "key encipherment",
                "server auth",
                "client auth"
            ]
          }
        }
      }
    }
    EOF
    
    cat > ca-csr.json << EOF
    {
        "CN": "etcd CA",
        "key": {
            "algo": "rsa",
            "size": 2048
        },
        "names": [
            {
                "C": "CN",
                "L": "Beijing",
                "ST": "Beijing"
            }
        ]
    }
    EOF
    #生成证书
    cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -
    
    #使用ca自签etcd https证书
    cat > server-csr.json << EOF
    {
        "CN": "etcd",
        "hosts": [
        "10.0.0.20",
        "10.0.0.21",
        "10.0.0.22"
        ],
        "key": {
            "algo": "rsa",
            "size": 2048
        },
        "names": [
            {
                "C": "CN",
                "L": "BeiJing",
                "ST": "BeiJing"
            }
        ]
    }
    EOF
    #生成证书
    cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=www server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server
    
    #获取etcd的二进制文件
    #wget https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases/download/v3.4.9/etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64.tar.gz
    #部署etcd集群
    #创建工作目录并解压二进制包
    cd ~
    mkdir /opt/etcd/{
        bin,cfg,ssl} -p
    tar zxvf etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64.tar.gz
    mv etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64/{
        etcd,etcdctl} /opt/etcd/bin/
    #创建etcd配置文件
    cat > /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf << EOF
    #[Member]
    ETCD_NAME="etcd-1"
    ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
    ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://10.0.0.20:2380"
    ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://10.0.0.20:2379"
    
    #[Clustering]
    ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://10.0.0.20:2380"
    ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://10.0.0.20:2379"
    ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd-1=https://10.0.0.20:2380,etcd-2=https://10.0.0.21:2380,etcd-3=https://10.0.0.22:2380"
    ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
    ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
    EOF
    
    #systemctl 管理etcd
    cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service << EOF
    [Unit]
    Description=Etcd Server
    After=network.target
    After=network-online.target
    Wants=network-online.target
    
    [Service]
    Type=notify
    EnvironmentFile=/opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf
    ExecStart=/opt/etcd/bin/etcd \
    --cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
    --key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \
    --peer-cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
    --peer-key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \
    --trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
    --peer-trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
    --logger=zap
    Restart=on-failure
    LimitNOFILE=65536
    
    [Install]
    WantedBy=multi-user.target
    EOF
    #拷贝证书
    cp ~/TLS/etcd/ca*pem ~/TLS/etcd/server*pem /opt/etcd/ssl/
    
    #启动并设置为开机启动
    systemctl daemon-reload
    systemctl start etcd
    systemctl enable etcd
    
    #将上面节点1所有生成的文件拷贝到节点2和节点3
    scp -r /opt/etcd/ root@work1:/opt/
    scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service root@work1:/usr/lib/systemd/system/
    scp -r /opt/etcd/ root@work2:/opt/
    scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service root@work2:/usr/lib/systemd/system/
    
    #然后在节点2和节点3分别修改etcd.conf配置文件中的节点名称和当前服务器IP：
    vi /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf
    #[Member]
    ETCD_NAME="etcd-1"   # 修改此处，节点2改为etcd-2，节点3改为etcd-3
    ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
    ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.31.71:2380"   # 修改此处为当前服务器IP
    ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.31.71:2379" # 修改此处为当前服务器IP
    
    #[Clustering]
    ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.31.71:2380" # 修改此处为当前服务器IP
    ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.31.71:2379" # 修改此处为当前服务器IP
    ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd-1=https://192.168.31.71:2380,etcd-2=https://192.168.31.72:2380,etcd-3=https://192.168.31.73:2380"
    ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
    ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
    
    
    cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service << EOF
    [Unit]
    Description=Etcd Server
    After=network.target
    After=network-online.target
    Wants=network-online.target
    
    [Service]
    Type=notify
    EnvironmentFile=/opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf
    ExecStart=/opt/etcd/bin/etcd \
    --cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
    --key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \
    --peer-cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
    --peer-key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \
    --trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
    --peer-trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
    --logger=zap
    Restart=on-failure
    LimitNOFILE=65536
    
    [Install]
    WantedBy=multi-user.target
    EOF
    
    systemctl daemon-reload
    systemctl start etcd
    systemctl enable etcd
    
    #查看集群状态
    ETCDCTL_API=3 /opt/etcd/bin/etcdctl --cacert=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem --cert=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem --key=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem --endpoints="https://10.0.0.20:2379,https://10.0.0.21:2379,https://10.0.0.22:2379" endpoint health --write-out=table
    
    +------------------------+--------+-------------+-------+
    |        ENDPOINT        | HEALTH |    TOOK     | ERROR |
    +------------------------+--------+-------------+-------+
    | https://10.0.0.22:2379 |   true | 11.914974ms |       |
    | https://10.0.0.20:2379 |   true | 12.344973ms |       |
    | https://10.0.0.21:2379 |   true | 13.520701ms |       |
    +------------------------+--------+-------------+-------+
    
    如果输出上面信息，就说明集群部署成功。

部署docker

#下载安装docker
    wget https://download.docker.com/linux/static/stable/x86_64/docker-19.03.6.tgz
    tar -zvxf docker-19.03.6.tgz
    cp -r docker/* /usr/bin/
    #配置成systemclt方式管理
    cat > /etc/systemd/system/docker.service << EOF
    [Unit]
    Description=Docker Application Container Engine
    Documentation=https://docs.docker.com
    After=network-online.target firewalld.service
    Wants=network-online.target
    
    [Service]
    Type=notify
    ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd
    ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
    LimitNOFILE=infinity
    LimitNPROC=infinity
    TimeoutStartSec=0
    Delegate=yes
    KillMode=process
    Restart=on-failure
    StartLimitBurst=3
    StartLimitInterval=60s
    
    [Install]
    WantedBy=multi-user.target
    EOF
    
    mkdir /etc/docker
    cat > /etc/docker/daemon.json << EOF
    {
      "registry-mirrors": ["https://b9pmyelo.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
    }
    EOF
    
    #设置权限
    chmod +x /etc/systemd/system/docker.service
    systemctl daemon-reload
    systemctl enable docker
    systemctl start docker

部署master的组件

#部署kube-apiserver
    cd ~/TLS/k8s
    
    cat > ca-config.json << EOF
    {
      "signing": {
        "default": {
          "expiry": "87600h"
        },
        "profiles": {
          "kubernetes": {
             "expiry": "87600h",
             "usages": [
                "signing",
                "key encipherment",
                "server auth",
                "client auth"
            ]
          }
        }
      }
    }
    EOF
    
    cat > ca-csr.json << EOF
    {
        "CN": "kubernetes",
        "key": {
            "algo": "rsa",
            "size": 2048
        },
        "names": [
            {
                "C": "CN",
                "L": "Beijing",
                "ST": "Beijing",
                "O": "k8s",
                "OU": "System"
            }
        ]
    }
    EOF
    #生成证书
    cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -
    #使用自签CA签发kebe-apiverser https证书
    cat > server-csr.json << EOF
    {
        "CN": "kubernetes",
        "hosts": [
          "10.0.0.1",
          "127.0.0.1",
          "10.0.0.20",
          "10.0.0.21",
          "10.0.0.22",
          "kubernetes",
          "kubernetes.default",
          "kubernetes.default.svc",
          "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster",
          "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local"
        ],
        "key": {
            "algo": "rsa",
            "size": 2048
        },
        "names": [
            {
                "C": "CN",
                "L": "BeiJing",
                "ST": "BeiJing",
                "O": "k8s",
                "OU": "System"
            }
        ]
    }
    EOF
    
    #生成证书
    cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server
    #(会生成server.pem和server-key.pem文件。)
    
    #解压二进制包
    #wget https://dl.k8s.io/v1.20.0/kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
    cd ~
    mkdir -p /opt/kubernetes/{
        bin,cfg,ssl,logs} 
    tar zxvf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
    cd kubernetes/server/bin
    cp kube-apiserver kube-scheduler kube-controller-manager /opt/kubernetes/bin
    cp kubectl /usr/bin/
    #创建配置文件
    cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf << EOF
    KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
    --v=2 \\
    --log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
    --etcd-servers=https://10.0.0.20:2379,https://10.0.0.21:2379,https://10.0.0.22:2379 \\
    --bind-address=10.0.0.20 \\
    --secure-port=6443 \\
    --advertise-address=10.0.0.20 \\
    --allow-privileged=true \\
    --service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \\
    --enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,ResourceQuota,NodeRestriction \\
    --authorization-mode=RBAC,Node \\
    --enable-bootstrap-token-auth=true \\
    --token-auth-file=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv \\
    --service-node-port-range=30000-32767 \\
    --kubelet-client-certificate=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem \\
    --kubelet-client-key=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\
    --tls-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem  \\
    --tls-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\
    --client-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
    --service-account-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\
    --service-account-issuer=api \\
    --service-account-signing-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\
    --etcd-cafile=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \\
    --etcd-certfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \\
    --etcd-keyfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \\
    --requestheader-client-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
    --proxy-client-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem \\
    --proxy-client-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\
    --requestheader-allowed-names=kubernetes \\
    --requestheader-extra-headers-prefix=X-Remote-Extra- \\
    --requestheader-group-headers=X-Remote-Group \\
    --requestheader-username-headers=X-Remote-User \\
    --enable-aggregator-routing=true \\
    --audit-log-maxage=30 \\
    --audit-log-maxbackup=3 \\
    --audit-log-maxsize=100 \\
    --audit-log-path=/opt/kubernetes/logs/k8s-audit.log"
    EOF
    
    #拷贝生成的证书
    cp ~/TLS/k8s/ca*pem ~/TLS/k8s/server*pem /opt/kubernetes/ssl/
    #创建token文件
    cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv << EOF
    c47ffb939f5ca36231d9e3121a252940,kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:node-bootstrapper"
    EOF
    
    #sytemctl 管理apiserver
    cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service << EOF
    [Unit]
    Description=Kubernetes API Server
    Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
    
    [Service]
    EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf
    ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-apiserver \$KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS
    Restart=on-failure
    
    [Install]
    WantedBy=multi-user.target
    EOF
    #启动并设置为开机启动
    systemctl daemon-reload
    systemctl start kube-apiserver 
    systemctl enable kube-apiserver
    
    #部署kube-controller-manager
    #创建配置文件
    cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.conf << EOF
    KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
    --v=2 \\
    --log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
    --leader-elect=true \\
    --kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig \\
    --bind-address=127.0.0.1 \\
    --allocate-node-cidrs=true \\
    --cluster-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 \\
    --service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \\
    --cluster-signing-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
    --cluster-signing-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem  \\
    --root-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
    --service-account-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\
    --cluster-signing-duration=87600h0m0s"
    EOF
    
    #生成kubeconfig文件
    cd ~/TLS/k8s
    
    # 创建证书请求文件
    cat > kube-controller-manager-csr.json << EOF
    {
      "CN": "system:kube-controller-manager",
      "hosts": [],
      "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
      },
      "names": [
        {
          "C": "CN",
          "L": "BeiJing", 
          "ST": "BeiJing",
          "O": "system:masters",
          "OU": "System"
        }
      ]
    }
    EOF
    
    # 生成证书
    cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-controller-manager-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-controller-manager
    
    #生成kubeconfig文件(以下是shell命令，直接在终端执行)
    KUBE_CONFIG="/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig"
    KUBE_APISERVER="https://10.0.0.20:6443"
    
    kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
      --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
      --embed-certs=true \
      --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
      --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
    kubectl config set-credentials kube-controller-manager \
      --client-certificate=./kube-controller-manager.pem \
      --client-key=./kube-controller-manager-key.pem \
      --embed-certs=true \
      --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
    kubectl config set-context default \
      --cluster=kubernetes \
      --user=kube-controller-manager \
      --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
    kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
    
    # systemd管理controller-manager
    cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service << EOF
    [Unit]
    Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager
    Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
    
    [Service]
    EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.conf
    ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-controller-manager \$KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS
    Restart=on-failure
    
    [Install]
    WantedBy=multi-user.target
    EOF
    #启动并设置开机启动
    systemctl daemon-reload
    systemctl start kube-controller-manager
    systemctl enable kube-controller-manager
    
    #部署kube-scheduler
    #创建配置文件
    cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.conf << EOF
    KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
    --v=2 \\
    --log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
    --leader-elect \\
    --kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.kubeconfig \\
    --bind-address=127.0.0.1"
    EOF
    
    #生成kubeconfig文件
    # 切换工作目录
    cd ~/TLS/k8s
    
    # 创建证书请求文件
    cat > kube-scheduler-csr.json << EOF
    {
      "CN": "system:kube-scheduler",
      "hosts": [],
      "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
      },
      "names": [
        {
          "C": "CN",
          "L": "BeiJing",
          "ST": "BeiJing",
          "O": "system:masters",
          "OU": "System"
        }
      ]
    }
    EOF
    
    # 生成证书
    cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-scheduler-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-scheduler
    
    #生成kubeconfig文件（以下是shell命令，直接在终端执行）
    KUBE_CONFIG="/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.kubeconfig"
    KUBE_APISERVER="https://10.0.0.20:6443"
    
    kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
      --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
      --embed-certs=true \
      --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
      --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
    kubectl config set-credentials kube-scheduler \
      --client-certificate=./kube-scheduler.pem \
      --client-key=./kube-scheduler-key.pem \
      --embed-certs=true \
      --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
    kubectl config set-context default \
      --cluster=kubernetes \
      --user=kube-scheduler \
      --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
    kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
    
    #systemd管理scheduler
    cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service << EOF
    [Unit]
    Description=Kubernetes Scheduler
    Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
    
    [Service]
    EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.conf
    ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-scheduler \$KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS
    Restart=on-failure
    
    [Install]
    WantedBy=multi-user.target
    EOF
    #启动并设置开机启动
    systemctl daemon-reload
    systemctl start kube-scheduler
    systemctl enable kube-scheduler
    
    #查看集群状态
    cat > admin-csr.json <<EOF
    {
      "CN": "admin",
      "hosts": [],
      "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
      },
      "names": [
        {
          "C": "CN",
          "L": "BeiJing",
          "ST": "BeiJing",
          "O": "system:masters",
          "OU": "System"
        }
      ]
    }
    EOF
    
    cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes admin-csr.json | cfssljson -bare admin
    
    #生成kubeconfig文件
    mkdir /root/.kube
    
    KUBE_CONFIG="/root/.kube/config"
    KUBE_APISERVER="https://10.0.0.20:6443"
    
    kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
      --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
      --embed-certs=true \
      --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
      --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
    kubectl config set-credentials cluster-admin \
      --client-certificate=./admin.pem \
      --client-key=./admin-key.pem \
      --embed-certs=true \
      --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
    kubectl config set-context default \
      --cluster=kubernetes \
      --user=cluster-admin \
      --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
    kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
    #执行查看集群状态的命令
    kubectl get cs
    NAME                STATUS    MESSAGE             ERROR
    scheduler             Healthy   ok                  
    controller-manager       Healthy   ok                  
    etcd-2               Healthy   {
        "health":"true"}   
    etcd-1               Healthy   {
        "health":"true"}   
    etcd-0               Healthy   {
        "health":"true"}  
    #如上输出说明Master节点组件运行正常。
    
    #授权kubelet-bootstrap用户允许请求证书
    kubectl create clusterrolebinding kubelet-bootstrap \
    --clusterrole=system:node-bootstrapper \
    --user=kubelet-bootstrap
    
    #部署work node
    #在所有worker node创建工作目录
    mkdir -p /opt/kubernetes/{
        bin,cfg,ssl,logs} 
    #从master节点拷贝
    cd ~
    cd kubernetes/server/bin
    cp kubelet kube-proxy /opt/kubernetes/bin #本地拷贝
    
    #部署kubelet
    #创建配置文件
    cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf << EOF
    KUBELET_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
    --v=2 \\
    --log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
    --hostname-override=k8s-master1 \\
    --network-plugin=cni \\
    --kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig \\
    --bootstrap-kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/bootstrap.kubeconfig \\
    --config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet-config.yml \\
    --cert-dir=/opt/kubernetes/ssl \\
    --pod-infra-container-image=lizhenliang/pause-amd64:3.0"
    EOF
    
    #配置参数文件
    cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet-config.yml << EOF
    kind: KubeletConfiguration
    apiVersion: kubelet.config.k8s.io/v1beta1
    address: 0.0.0.0
    port: 10250
    readOnlyPort: 10255
    cgroupDriver: cgroupfs
    clusterDNS:
    - 10.0.10.2
    clusterDomain: cluster.local 
    failSwapOn: false
    authentication:
      anonymous:
        enabled: false
      webhook:
        cacheTTL: 2m0s
        enabled: true
      x509:
        clientCAFile: /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem 
    authorization:
      mode: Webhook
      webhook:
        cacheAuthorizedTTL: 5m0s
        cacheUnauthorizedTTL: 30s
    evictionHard:
      imagefs.available: 15%
      memory.available: 100Mi
      nodefs.available: 10%
      nodefs.inodesFree: 5%
    maxOpenFiles: 1000000
    maxPods: 110
    EOF
    
    #生成kubelet初次加入集群引导kubeconfig文件
    # 与token.csv里保持一致
    KUBE_CONFIG="/opt/kubernetes/cfg/bootstrap.kubeconfig"
    KUBE_APISERVER="https://10.0.0.20:6443" # apiserver IP:PORT
    TOKEN="c47ffb939f5ca36231d9e3121a252940"
    
    # 生成 kubelet bootstrap kubeconfig 配置文件
    kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
      --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
      --embed-certs=true \
      --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
      --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
    kubectl config set-credentials "kubelet-bootstrap" \
      --token=${TOKEN} \
      --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
    kubectl config set-context default \
      --cluster=kubernetes \
      --user="kubelet-bootstrap" \
      --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
    kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
    
    #systemd管理kubelet
    cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service << EOF
    [Unit]
    Description=Kubernetes Kubelet
    After=docker.service
    
    [Service]
    EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf
    ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kubelet \$KUBELET_OPTS
    Restart=on-failure
    LimitNOFILE=65536
    
    [Install]
    WantedBy=multi-user.target
    EOF
    
    #启动并设置开机启动
    systemctl daemon-reload
    systemctl start kubelet
    systemctl enable kubelet
    
    # 查看kubelet证书请求
    kubectl get csr
    NAME                                                   AGE    SIGNERNAME                                    REQUESTOR           CONDITION
    node-csr-uCEGPOIiDdlLODKts8J658HrFq9CZ--K6M4G7bjhk8A   6m3s   kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet   kubelet-bootstrap   Pending
    
    # 批准申请
    kubectl certificate approve node-csr-uCEGPOIiDdlLODKts8J658HrFq9CZ--K6M4G7bjhk8A
    
    # 查看节点
    kubectl get node
    NAME         STATUS     ROLES    AGE   VERSION
    k8s-master1   NotReady   <none>   7s    v1.18.3
    
    #部署kube-proxy
    #创建配置文件
    cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.conf << EOF
    KUBE_PROXY_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
    --v=2 \\
    --log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
    --config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml"
    EOF
    
    #配置参数文件
    cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml << EOF
    kind: KubeProxyConfiguration
    apiVersion: kubeproxy.config.k8s.io/v1alpha1
    bindAddress: 0.0.0.0
    metricsBindAddress: 0.0.0.0:10249
    clientConnection:
      kubeconfig: /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
    hostnameOverride: k8s-master1
    clusterCIDR: 10.244.0.0/16
    EOF
    
    #生成kube-proxy.kubeconfig文件
    # 切换工作目录
    cd ~/TLS/k8s
    
    # 创建证书请求文件
    cat > kube-proxy-csr.json << EOF
    {
      "CN": "system:kube-proxy",
      "hosts": [],
      "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
      },
      "names": [
        {
          "C": "CN",
          "L": "BeiJing",
          "ST": "BeiJing",
          "O": "k8s",
          "OU": "System"
        }
      ]
    }
    EOF
    
    # 生成证书
    cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-proxy-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-proxy
    #生成kubeconfig文件：
    KUBE_CONFIG="/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.kubeconfig"
    KUBE_APISERVER="https://10.0.0.20:6443"
    
    
    kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
      --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
      --embed-certs=true \
      --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
      --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
    kubectl config set-credentials kube-proxy \
      --client-certificate=./kube-proxy.pem \
      --client-key=./kube-proxy-key.pem \
      --embed-certs=true \
      --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
    kubectl config set-context default \
      --cluster=kubernetes \
      --user=kube-proxy \
      --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
    kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
    
    #systemd管理kube-proxy
    cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service << EOF
    [Unit]
    Description=Kubernetes Proxy
    After=network.target
    
    [Service]
    EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.conf
    ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-proxy \$KUBE_PROXY_OPTS
    Restart=on-failure
    LimitNOFILE=65536
    
    [Install]
    WantedBy=multi-user.target
    EOF
    # 启动并设置开机启动
    systemctl daemon-reload
    systemctl start kube-proxy
    systemctl enable kube-proxy

**部署calico网络**

cd ~ 
    #wget https://www-1259165587.cos.ap-nanjing.myqcloud.com/K8S/calico.yaml
    kubectl apply -f calico.yaml
    kubectl get pods -n kube-system
    kubectl get node
    NAME         STATUS   ROLES    AGE   VERSION
    master   Ready    <none>   37m   v1.20.4
    
    #授权apiserver访问kubelet
    cat > apiserver-to-kubelet-rbac.yaml << EOF
    apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
    kind: ClusterRole
    metadata:
      annotations:
        rbac.authorization.kubernetes.io/autoupdate: "true"
      labels:
        kubernetes.io/bootstrapping: rbac-defaults
      name: system:kube-apiserver-to-kubelet
    rules:
      - apiGroups:
          - ""
        resources:
          - nodes/proxy
          - nodes/stats
          - nodes/log
          - nodes/spec
          - nodes/metrics
          - pods/log
        verbs:
          - "*"
    ---
    apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
    kind: ClusterRoleBinding
    metadata:
      name: system:kube-apiserver
      namespace: ""
    roleRef:
      apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
      kind: ClusterRole
      name: system:kube-apiserver-to-kubelet
    subjects:
      - apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
        kind: User
        name: kubernetes
    EOF
    
    kubectl apply -f apiserver-to-kubelet-rbac.yaml

**新增加work节点**

#master推送到work节点
    mkdir -p /opt/kubernetes/{
        bin,cfg,ssl,logs} 
    scp -r /opt/kubernetes root@work1:/opt/
    scp -r /usr/lib/systemd/system/{
        kubelet,kube-proxy}.service root@work1:/usr/lib/systemd/system
    scp /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem root@work1:/opt/kubernetes/ssl
    
    scp -r /opt/kubernetes root@work2:/opt/
    scp -r /usr/lib/systemd/system/{
        kubelet,kube-proxy}.service root@work2:/usr/lib/systemd/system
    scp /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem root@work2:/opt/kubernetes/ssl
    
    #work节点操作
    #删除kubelet证书和kubeconfig文件
    rm -f /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig 
    rm -f /opt/kubernetes/ssl/kubelet*
    #修改主机名
    vi /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf
    --hostname-override=work1
    
    vi /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml
    hostnameOverride: work1
    
    #启动并设置开机启动
    systemctl daemon-reload
    systemctl start kubelet kube-proxy
    systemctl enable kubelet kube-proxy
    
    #在Master上批准新Node kubelet证书申请
    # 查看证书请求
    kubectl get csr
    NAME           AGE   SIGNERNAME                    REQUESTOR           CONDITION
    node-csr-4zTjsaVSrhuyhIGqsefxzVoZDCNKei-aE2jyTP81Uro   89s   kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet   kubelet-bootstrap   Pending
    
    # 授权请求
    kubectl certificate approve node-csr-4zTjsaVSrhuyhIGqsefxzVoZDCNKei-aE2jyTP81Uro
    
    #查看node状态
    kubectl get node
    NAME       STATUS   ROLES    AGE     VERSION
    k8s-master1   Ready    <none>   47m     v1.20.4
    k8s-node1    Ready    <none>   6m49s   v1.20.4

**部署dashboard&&CoreDNS**

cd ~
    kubectl apply -f kubernetes-dashboard.yaml
    # 查看部署
    kubectl get pods,svc -n kubernetes-dashboard
    kubectl create serviceaccount dashboard-admin -n kube-system
    kubectl create clusterrolebinding dashboard-admin --clusterrole=cluster-admin --serviceaccount=kube-system:dashboard-admin
    kubectl describe secrets -n kube-system $(kubectl -n kube-system get secret | awk '/dashboard-admin/{print $1}')
    
    
    kubectl apply -f coredns.yaml 
    
    kubectl run -it --rm dns-test --image=busybox:1.28.4  -- sh 
     
    / # nslookup kubernetes 
    Server:    10.0.0.2 
    Address 1: 10.0.0.2 kube-dns.kube-system.svc.cluster.local 
     
    Name:      kubernetes 
    Address 1: 10.0.0.1 kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local
    
    
    #K8S命令自动补全
    yum install -y bash-completion
    cp /etc/profile /etc/profile.bak
    sed -i '2a source <(kubectl completion bash)' /etc/profile
    source /etc/profile
    #配置metrics 资源监控
    cd ~
    kubectl apply -f metrics-server.yaml