GitLab的CI/CD集成化部署环境安装与使用

淩亂°似流年 2022-09-10 11:21 154阅读 0赞

# 1、环境准备 #

CentOS-8.4.2105-x86\_64-dvd1.iso

# 2、下载gitlab的安装包 #

[gitlab - Repositories · packages.gitlab.com][gitlab - Repositories _ packages.gitlab.com]

进入gitlab-ce的目录：

[gitlab/gitlab-ce - Packages · packages.gitlab.com][gitlab_gitlab-ce - Packages _ packages.gitlab.com]  
选择一个版本的链接进入：

![watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5aSp6b6Z6Iez5bCK_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16][]

点击Download，下载rpm包。

使用yum进行安装rpm包：

yum install -y gitlab-ce-14.1.5-ce.0.el8.x86_64.rpm

![watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5aSp6b6Z6Iez5bCK_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 1][]

登录gitlab：

# 3、gitlab创建的目录 #

**/etc/gitlab：配置文件目录**

[root@wtl1992 ~]# cd /etc/gitlab/
    [root@wtl1992 gitlab]# ll 
    总用量 144 
    -rw------- 1 root root 121375 9月   7 09:00 gitlab.rb 
    -rw------- 1 root root  19025 9月   7 09:12 gitlab-secrets.json 
    -rw------- 1 root root    749 9月   7 09:10 initial_root_password 
    drwxr-xr-x 2 root root      6 9月   7 09:01 trusted-certs

**/run/gitlab：保存gitlab的pid**

[root@wtl1992 run]# cd gitlab
    [root@wtl1992 gitlab]# ll
    总用量 0
    drwx------ 2 git root 700 9月  10 22:29 puma
    drwx------ 2 git root 120 9月  10 18:20 sidekiq

**/opt/gitlab：gitlab的安装目录**

[root@wtl1992 gitlab]# cd /opt/gitlab
    [root@wtl1992 gitlab]# ll
    总用量 2716
    drwxr-xr-x  2 root root     172 9月   7 08:48 bin
    -rw-r--r--  1 root root  198616 9月   2 13:02 dependency_licenses.json
    drwxr-xr-x 18 root root     215 9月   7 09:10 embedded
    drwxr-xr-x 12 root root     335 9月   7 09:12 etc
    drwxr-xr-x  2 root root     276 9月   7 09:12 init
    -rw-r--r--  1 root root 2527080 9月   2 13:02 LICENSE
    drwxr-xr-x  2 root root     278 9月   7 08:49 licenses
    drwxr-xr-x  2 root root    4096 9月   7 08:48 LICENSES
    drwxr-xr-x  2 root root     276 9月   7 09:12 service
    drwxr-xr-x 17 root root     276 9月   7 09:12 sv
    drwxr-xr-x  3 root root      18 9月   7 09:11 var
    -rw-r--r--  1 root root   31663 9月   2 13:03 version-manifest.json
    -rw-r--r--  1 root root   12062 9月   2 13:03 version-manifest.txt

**/var/opt/gitlab：gitlab的数据目录**

[root@wtl1992 gitlab]# cd /var/opt/gitlab
    [root@wtl1992 gitlab]# ll
    总用量 12
    drwxr-x--- 3 gitlab-prometheus root        42 9月   7 09:12 alertmanager
    drwx------ 2 git               root         6 9月   7 09:01 backups
    -rw------- 1 root              root        38 9月   7 09:11 bootstrapped
    drwx------ 3 git               root       123 9月  10 18:19 gitaly
    drwx------ 3 git               git         26 9月   7 09:01 git-data
    drwxr-xr-x 3 git               root        20 9月   7 09:01 gitlab-ci
    drwxr-xr-x 2 git               root        53 9月   7 09:11 gitlab-exporter
    drwxr-xr-x 9 git               root       160 9月   7 09:11 gitlab-rails
    drwx------ 2 git               root        24 9月   7 09:10 gitlab-shell
    drwxr-x--- 3 git               gitlab-www  55 9月   7 09:11 gitlab-workhorse
    drwx------ 4 gitlab-prometheus root        83 9月   7 09:12 grafana
    drwx------ 3 root              root        71 9月  10 23:08 logrotate
    drwxr-x--- 9 root              gitlab-www 163 9月   7 09:14 nginx
    drwxr-xr-x 3 root              root        32 9月   7 09:11 node-exporter
    drwx------ 2 gitlab-psql       root        26 9月   7 09:12 postgres-exporter
    drwxr-xr-x 3 gitlab-psql       root        81 9月  10 18:19 postgresql
    drwxr-x--- 4 gitlab-prometheus root        53 9月   7 09:12 prometheus
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root              root       181 9月   7 09:12 public_attributes.json
    drwxr-x--- 2 gitlab-redis      git         60 9月  10 23:09 redis
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root              root        40 9月   7 09:01 trusted-certs-directory-hash

**/opt/gitlab/service： 服务**

[root@wtl1992 service]# cd /opt/gitlab/service/
    [root@wtl1992 service]# ll
    总用量 0
    lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 27 9月   7 09:12 alertmanager -> /opt/gitlab/sv/alertmanager
    lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 21 9月   7 09:01 gitaly -> /opt/gitlab/sv/gitaly
    lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 30 9月   7 09:11 gitlab-exporter -> /opt/gitlab/sv/gitlab-exporter
    lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 31 9月   7 09:11 gitlab-workhorse -> /opt/gitlab/sv/gitlab-workhorse
    lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 22 9月   7 09:12 grafana -> /opt/gitlab/sv/grafana
    lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 24 9月   7 09:01 logrotate -> /opt/gitlab/sv/logrotate
    lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 20 9月   7 09:11 nginx -> /opt/gitlab/sv/nginx
    lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 28 9月   7 09:11 node-exporter -> /opt/gitlab/sv/node-exporter
    lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 32 9月   7 09:12 postgres-exporter -> /opt/gitlab/sv/postgres-exporter
    lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 25 9月   7 09:10 postgresql -> /opt/gitlab/sv/postgresql
    lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 25 9月   7 09:12 prometheus -> /opt/gitlab/sv/prometheus
    lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 19 9月   7 09:11 puma -> /opt/gitlab/sv/puma
    lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 20 9月   7 09:01 redis -> /opt/gitlab/sv/redis
    lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 29 9月   7 09:11 redis-exporter -> /opt/gitlab/sv/redis-exporter
    lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 22 9月   7 09:11 sidekiq -> /opt/gitlab/sv/sidekiq

**/var/log/gitlab ：gitlab的日志目录**

[root@wtl1992 service]# cd /var/log/gitlab/
    [root@wtl1992 gitlab]# ll
    总用量 16
    drwx------ 2 gitlab-prometheus root        257 9月  10 18:19 alertmanager
    drwx------ 2 git               root       4096 9月  11 00:08 gitaly
    drwx------ 2 git               root        257 9月  10 18:19 gitlab-exporter
    drwx------ 2 git               root       4096 9月  11 00:08 gitlab-rails
    drwx------ 2 git               root          6 9月   7 09:01 gitlab-shell
    drwx------ 2 git               root        257 9月  10 18:19 gitlab-workhorse
    drwx------ 2 gitlab-prometheus root        257 9月  10 18:19 grafana
    drwx------ 2 root              root         82 9月   7 22:01 logrotate
    drwxr-x--- 2 root              gitlab-www 4096 9月  10 23:08 nginx
    drwx------ 2 gitlab-prometheus root        257 9月  10 18:19 node-exporter
    drwx------ 2 gitlab-psql       root        257 9月  10 18:19 postgres-exporter
    drwx------ 2 gitlab-psql       root        257 9月  10 18:19 postgresql
    drwx------ 2 gitlab-prometheus root        257 9月  10 18:19 prometheus
    drwx------ 2 git               root       4096 9月  11 00:08 puma
    drwxr-xr-x 2 root              root         72 9月   7 09:10 reconfigure
    drwx------ 2 gitlab-redis      root        257 9月  10

# 4、gitlab常用命令 #

### 4.1、gitlab-rails ###

作用：用于启动控制台进行特殊操作，比如修改管理员密码、打开数据库控制台等。

### 4.2、gitlab-rake ###

作用：数据备份恢复等数据操作。

### 4.3、gitlab-ctl ###

作用：客户端命令行操作行。

gitlab-ctl status：查看gitlab的状态

[root@wtl1992 ~]# gitlab-ctl status
    run: alertmanager: (pid 1648) 37299s; run: log: (pid 1647) 37299s
    run: gitaly: (pid 1630) 37299s; run: log: (pid 1627) 37299s
    run: gitlab-exporter: (pid 1643) 37299s; run: log: (pid 1640) 37299s
    run: gitlab-workhorse: (pid 1669) 37299s; run: log: (pid 1657) 37299s
    run: grafana: (pid 1650) 37299s; run: log: (pid 1649) 37299s
    run: logrotate: (pid 858908) 1789s; run: log: (pid 1624) 37299s
    run: nginx: (pid 282735) 23779s; run: log: (pid 1635) 37299s
    run: node-exporter: (pid 1670) 37299s; run: log: (pid 1659) 37299s
    run: postgres-exporter: (pid 1646) 37299s; run: log: (pid 1645) 37299s
    run: postgresql: (pid 1667) 37299s; run: log: (pid 1651) 37299s
    run: prometheus: (pid 1666) 37299s; run: log: (pid 1661) 37299s
    run: puma: (pid 1658) 37299s; run: log: (pid 1637) 37299s
    run: redis: (pid 1631) 37299s; run: log: (pid 1629) 37299s
    run: redis-exporter: (pid 1663) 37299s; run: log: (pid 1662) 37299s
    run: sidekiq: (pid 1668) 37299s; run: log: (pid 1655) 37299s

gitlab-ctl stop：停止gitlab

[root@wtl1992 ~]# gitlab-ctl stop
    ok: down: alertmanager: 0s, normally up
    ok: down: gitaly: 0s, normally up
    ok: down: gitlab-exporter: 0s, normally up
    ok: down: gitlab-workhorse: 0s, normally up
    ok: down: grafana: 1s, normally up
    ok: down: logrotate: 0s, normally up
    ok: down: nginx: 1s, normally up
    ok: down: node-exporter: 0s, normally up
    ok: down: postgres-exporter: 0s, normally up
    ok: down: postgresql: 1s, normally up
    ok: down: prometheus: 0s, normally up
    ok: down: puma: 0s, normally up
    ok: down: redis: 1s, normally up
    ok: down: redis-exporter: 0s, normally up
    ok: down: sidekiq: 0s, normally up

gitlab-ctl start： 启动gitlab

[root@wtl1992 ~]# gitlab-ctl start
    ok: run: alertmanager: (pid 936757) 1s
    ok: run: gitaly: (pid 936790) 0s
    ok: run: gitlab-exporter: (pid 936817) 1s
    ok: run: gitlab-workhorse: (pid 936859) 0s
    ok: run: grafana: (pid 936889) 0s
    ok: run: logrotate: (pid 936904) 1s
    ok: run: nginx: (pid 937006) 0s
    ok: run: node-exporter: (pid 937022) 1s
    ok: run: postgres-exporter: (pid 937028) 0s
    ok: run: postgresql: (pid 937059) 0s
    ok: run: prometheus: (pid 937092) 1s
    ok: run: puma: (pid 937138) 0s
    ok: run: redis: (pid 937147) 1s
    ok: run: redis-exporter: (pid 937153) 0s
    ok: run: sidekiq: (pid 937184) 1s

gitlab-ctl restart：重启gitlab

[root@wtl1992 ~]# gitlab-ctl restart
    ok: run: alertmanager: (pid 951087) 0s
    ok: run: gitaly: (pid 951124) 0s
    ok: run: gitlab-exporter: (pid 951210) 0s
    ok: run: gitlab-workhorse: (pid 951215) 0s
    ok: run: grafana: (pid 951229) 1s
    ok: run: logrotate: (pid 951265) 0s
    ok: run: nginx: (pid 951351) 0s
    ok: run: node-exporter: (pid 951383) 1s
    ok: run: postgres-exporter: (pid 951393) 0s
    ok: run: postgresql: (pid 951437) 1s
    ok: run: prometheus: (pid 951476) 0s
    ok: run: puma: (pid 951516) 0s
    ok: run: redis: (pid 951525) 0s
    ok: run: redis-exporter: (pid 951531) 1s
    ok: run: sidekiq: (pid 951727) 0s

# 5、删除页面注册功能 #

# 6、后台更改用户名密码等 #

### 6.1、更改用户名密码 ###

**gitlab-rails console -e production**

[root@wtl1992 ~]# gitlab-rails console -e production
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     Ruby:         ruby 2.7.2p137 (2020-10-01 revision 5445e04352) [x86_64-linux]
     GitLab:       14.1.5 (2277a91d2e0) FOSS
     GitLab Shell: 13.19.1
     PostgreSQL:   12.7
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Loading production environment (Rails 6.1.3.2)
    irb(main):002:0> User.where(username:"root")
    => #<ActiveRecord::Relation [#<User id:1 @root>]>
    irb(main):003:0> user=User.where(username:"root").first
    => #<User id:1 @root>
    irb(main):008:0> user.password = '123456'
    => "123456"
    irb(main):010:0> user.password
    => "123456"
    irb(main):013:0> user.password_confirmation = '123456'
    => "123456"
    irb(main):014:0> user.save!
    Enqueued ActionMailer::MailDeliveryJob (Job ID: 5c39699f-90cc-4dcb-a1d2-99b613db3fbb) to Sidekiq(mailers) with arguments: "DeviseMailer", "password_change", "deliver_now", {:args=>[#<GlobalID:0x00007f38194defb0 @uri=#<URI::GID gid://gitlab/User/1>>]}
    => true

### 6.2、更改邮箱 ###

![watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5aSp6b6Z6Iez5bCK_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 2][]

### 6.3、创建组（Group） ###

![watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5aSp6b6Z6Iez5bCK_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 3][]

### ![watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5aSp6b6Z6Iez5bCK_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 4][] 6.4、创建项目（Project） ###

![watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5aSp6b6Z6Iez5bCK_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 5][]

![watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5aSp6b6Z6Iez5bCK_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 6][]

![watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5aSp6b6Z6Iez5bCK_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 7][]

#  7、手动备份数据 #

### 7.1、停止gitlab数据服务 ###

**gitlab-ctl stop sidekiq**

[root@wtl1992 ~]# gitlab-ctl stop sidekiq
    ok: down: sidekiq: 0s, normally up

### 7.2、手动备份数据  ###

**gitlab-rake gitlab:backup:create**

[root@wtl1992 ~]# gitlab-rake gitlab:backup:create
    2021-09-11 06:26:36 -0400 -- Dumping database ... 
    Dumping PostgreSQL database gitlabhq_production ... [DONE]
    2021-09-11 06:26:39 -0400 -- done
    2021-09-11 06:26:39 -0400 -- Dumping repositories ...
     * aiops/myblog (@hashed/d4/73/d4735e3a265e16eee03f59718b9b5d03019c07d8b6c51f90da3a666eec13ab35) ... 
     * aiops/myblog (@hashed/d4/73/d4735e3a265e16eee03f59718b9b5d03019c07d8b6c51f90da3a666eec13ab35) ... [EMPTY] [SKIPPED]
     * aiops/myblog.wiki (@hashed/d4/73/d4735e3a265e16eee03f59718b9b5d03019c07d8b6c51f90da3a666eec13ab35.wiki) ... 
     * aiops/myblog.wiki (@hashed/d4/73/d4735e3a265e16eee03f59718b9b5d03019c07d8b6c51f90da3a666eec13ab35.wiki) ... [EMPTY] [SKIPPED]
     * aiops/myblog.design (@hashed/d4/73/d4735e3a265e16eee03f59718b9b5d03019c07d8b6c51f90da3a666eec13ab35.design) ... 
     * aiops/myblog.design (@hashed/d4/73/d4735e3a265e16eee03f59718b9b5d03019c07d8b6c51f90da3a666eec13ab35.design) ... [EMPTY] [SKIPPED]
    2021-09-11 06:26:39 -0400 -- done
    2021-09-11 06:26:39 -0400 -- Dumping uploads ... 
    2021-09-11 06:26:39 -0400 -- done
    2021-09-11 06:26:39 -0400 -- Dumping builds ... 
    2021-09-11 06:26:39 -0400 -- done
    2021-09-11 06:26:39 -0400 -- Dumping artifacts ... 
    2021-09-11 06:26:39 -0400 -- done
    2021-09-11 06:26:39 -0400 -- Dumping pages ... 
    2021-09-11 06:26:39 -0400 -- done
    2021-09-11 06:26:39 -0400 -- Dumping lfs objects ... 
    2021-09-11 06:26:39 -0400 -- done
    2021-09-11 06:26:39 -0400 -- Dumping container registry images ... 
    2021-09-11 06:26:39 -0400 -- [DISABLED]
    Creating backup archive: 1631355999_2021_09_11_14.1.5_gitlab_backup.tar ... done
    Uploading backup archive to remote storage  ... skipped
    Deleting tmp directories ... done
    done
    done
    done
    done
    done
    done
    done
    Deleting old backups ... skipping
    Warning: Your gitlab.rb and gitlab-secrets.json files contain sensitive data 
    and are not included in this backup. You will need these files to restore a backup.
    Please back them up manually.
    Backup task is done.

备份后重启服务！！！

**gitlab-ctl restart**

### 7.3、查看要恢复的文件 ###

cd **/var/opt/gitlab/backups**

[root@wtl1992 ~]# cd /var/opt/gitlab/backups
    [root@wtl1992 backups]# ll
    总用量 320
    -rw------- 1 git git 327680 9月  11 06:26 1631355999_2021_09_11_14.1.5_gitlab_backup.tar

同时需要备份的文件如下：

/var/opt/gitlab/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb

/etc/gitlab/gitlab-secrets.json

### 7.4、执行恢复备份 ###

执行恢复也要停止数据服务：

** gitlab-ctl stop sidekiq**

[root@wtl1992 ~]# gitlab-ctl stop sidekiq
    ok: down: sidekiq: 0s, normally up

执行恢复：

**gitlab-rake gitlab:backup:restore BACKUP=BACKUP\_FILE\_NAME**

![watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5aSp6b6Z6Iez5bCK_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 8][]

# 8、GitLab的CI #

从Gitlab8.0开始，Gitlab CI就已经集成在Gitlab中了，我们只要在项目中添加一个**.gitlab-ci.yml**文件，然后添加一个Runner，即可进行持续集成。

### 8.1、Pipeline ###

一次Pipeline其实相当于一次构建任务，里面可以包含很多个流程，如安装依赖、运行测试、编译、部署测试服务器、部署生产服务器等流程。任何提交或者Merge Request的合并都可以触发Pipeline构建。

![watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5aSp6b6Z6Iez5bCK_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 9][]

###  8.2、Stages ###

Stages表示一个构建阶段，也就是上面提到的一个流程。我们可以在一次Pipeline中定义多个Stages，这些Stages会有一下特点：

*  所有Stages会按照顺序运行，即当一个Stage完成后，下一个Stage才开始
 *  只有当所有Stages完成后，该构建任务（Pipeline）才会成功
 *  如果任何一个Stage失败，那么后面的Stages不会执行，该构建任务（Pipeline）失败

Stages盒Pipeline的关系如下所示：

![watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5aSp6b6Z6Iez5bCK_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 10][]

### 8.3、Jobs ###

Jobs表示构建工作，表示某个Stage里面执行的工作。我们可以在Stages里面定义多个Jobs，这些Jobs会有以下特点：

*  相同的Stage中的Jobs会并行执行
 *  相同的Stage中的Jobs都执行成功时，该Stage才会成功
 *  如果任何一个Job失败，那么该Stage失败，即该构建任务（Pipeline）失败

Jobs和Stage的关系如下所示：

![watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5aSp6b6Z6Iez5bCK_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 11][]

###  8.4、Gitlab Runner ###

如果了解了上面的基本概念之后，可能我们就会发现一个问题，我们的构建任务在什么地方来执行呢，以前用Jenkins在Master盒Slave节点都可以用来运行构建任务，而来执行我们的Gitlab CI构造任务的就是Gitlab Runner。

我们知道大多数情况下构建任务都是会占用大量的系统资源的，如果直接让Gitlab本身来运行构建任务的话，显然Gitlab的性能回大幅度下降的。Gitlab CI最大的作用是管理各个项目的构建状态，**因此，运行构建任务这种浪费资源的事情交给一个独立的Gitlab Runner来做就会好很多，更重要的是Gitlab Runner可以安装在不同的机器上，甚至是我们主机，这样完全就不会影响到Gitlab本身了。**

** Runner类型**  
 GitLab-Runner可以分类两种类型：Shared Runner（共享型）和Specific Runner（指定型）。  
  Shared Runner：这种Runner是所有工程都能够用的。只有系统管理员能够创建Shared Runner。  
  Specific Runner：这种Runner只能为指定的工程服务。拥有该工程访问权限的人都能够为该工程创建Shared Runner。

**安装**

安装Gitlab Runner非常简单，我们可以完全按照官方文档[Install GitLab Runner | GitLab][Install GitLab Runner _ GitLab]即可，比如可以直击用二进制、yum、Docker等来安装。

这里，我们用yum来进行安装。

**CentOs中GitLab-Runner的安装与使用**

[Install GitLab Runner using the official GitLab repositories | GitLab![icon-default.png_t_L892][]https://docs.gitlab.com/runner/install/linux-repository.html][Install GitLab Runner using the official GitLab repositories _ GitLab_icon-default.png_t_L892_https_docs.gitlab.com_runner_install_linux-repository.html]  
（1）添加yum源

curl -L "https://packages.gitlab.com/install/repositories/runner/gitlab-runner/script.rpm.sh" | sudo bash

（2）安装runner

yum install gitlab-runner

（3）向GitLab-CI注册runner

gitlab-runner register

向GitLab-CI注册一个Runner需要两样东西：GitLab-CI的url和注册token。

Enter an executor: docker, docker-ssh, parallels, ssh, docker+machine, kubernetes, custom, virtualbox, docker-ssh+machine, shell:
    shell

![watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5aSp6b6Z6Iez5bCK_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 12][]  
其中，token是为了确定你这个Runner是所有工程都能够使用的Shared Runner还是具体某一个工程才能使用的Specific Runner。  
如果要注册Shared Runner，你需要到管理界面的Runners页面里面去找注册token。如下图所示：

![watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5aSp6b6Z6Iez5bCK_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 13][]

![watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5aSp6b6Z6Iez5bCK_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 14][]![watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5aSp6b6Z6Iez5bCK_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 15][]

### 8.5、编辑.gitlab-ci.yml文件 ###

# This file is a template, and might need editing before it works on your project.
    # To contribute improvements to CI/CD templates, please follow the Development guide at:
    # https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/development/cicd/templates.html
    # This specific template is located at:
    # https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/lib/gitlab/ci/templates/Getting-Started.gitlab-ci.yml
    
    # This is a sample GitLab CI/CD configuration file that should run without any modifications.
    # It demonstrates a basic 3 stage CI/CD pipeline. Instead of real tests or scripts,
    # it uses echo commands to simulate the pipeline execution.
    #
    # A pipeline is composed of independent jobs that run scripts, grouped into stages.
    # Stages run in sequential order, but jobs within stages run in parallel.
    #
    # For more information, see: https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/yaml/README.html#stages
    
    stages:          # List of stages for jobs, and their order of execution
      - build
      - test
      - deploy
    
    build-job:       # This job runs in the build stage, which runs first.
      stage: build
      script:
        - echo "Compiling the code..."
        - echo "Compile complete."
    
    unit-test-job:   # This job runs in the test stage.
      stage: test    # It only starts when the job in the build stage completes successfully.
      script:
        - echo "Running unit tests..."
        - echo "Code coverage is 90%"
    
    lint-test-job:   # This job also runs in the test stage.
      stage: test    # It can run at the same time as unit-test-job (in parallel).
      script:
        - echo "Linting code..."
        - echo "No lint issues found."
    
    deploy-job:      # This job runs in the deploy stage.
      stage: deploy  # It only runs when *both* jobs in the test stage complete successfully.
      script:
        - cd application/runner
        - ./runner
        - echo "Application successfully deployed."

提交代码后，Gitlab CI会自动调用Gitlab Runner进行运行！！！

[gitlab - Repositories _ packages.gitlab.com]: https://packages.gitlab.com/gitlab
[gitlab_gitlab-ce - Packages _ packages.gitlab.com]: https://packages.gitlab.com/gitlab/gitlab-ce
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[Install GitLab Runner _ GitLab]: https://docs.gitlab.com/runner/install/
[icon-default.png_t_L892]: /images/20220829/f8015259fc96419a8537e157419e604a.png
[Install GitLab Runner using the official GitLab repositories _ GitLab_icon-default.png_t_L892_https_docs.gitlab.com_runner_install_linux-repository.html]: https://docs.gitlab.com/runner/install/linux-repository.html
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