《Kubernetes部署篇：Centos7.6部署单机kubernetes1.20.6》

àì夳堔傛蜴生んèń 2022-09-11 11:14 264阅读 0赞

### 文章目录 ###

*  一、架构图
 *  二、部署环境
 *  三、环境初始化
 *   *  3.1、主机名设置
     *  3.2、内核升级
     *  3.3、系统环境初始化
 *  四、Docker部署
 *  五、Kubernetes部署
 *   *  5.1、设置kubernetes源
     *  5.2、安装kubelet、kubeadm和kubectl
     *  5.3、k8s相关镜像下载
     *  5.4、kubeadm初始化master节点
     *  5.5、配置kubectl
     *  5.6、配置calico网络
     *  5.7、将master标记为可调度
 *  总结：整理不易，如果对你有帮助，可否点赞关注一下？

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# 一、架构图 #

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L20wXzM3ODE0MTEy_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]

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# 二、部署环境 #

<table> 
 <thead> 
  <tr> 
   <th>主机名</th> 
   <th>系统版本</th> 
   <th>内核版本</th> 
   <th>IP地址</th> 
   <th>备注</th> 
  </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td>k8s-master-11</td> 
   <td>centos7.6.1810</td> 
   <td>5.4.13</td> 
   <td>192.168.1.11</td> 
   <td>master节点-worker节点</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

**说明：建议操作系统选择centos7.5或centos7.6，centos7.2，centos7.3,centos7.4版本存在一定几率的kubelet无法启动问题。**

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# 三、环境初始化 #

## 3.1、主机名设置 ##

hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-master-11

## 3.2、内核升级 ##

**[《Centos7内核升级至5.4.13一键脚本》][Centos7_5.4.13]**

## 3.3、系统环境初始化 ##

**[《kubernetes系统环境初始化一键脚本》][kubernetes]**

**效果如下图所示：**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5Lic5Z-O57ud56We_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16]

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# 四、Docker部署 #

**[《Linux运维实战：Centos7.6一键离线部署docker19.03.9》][Linux_Centos7.6_docker19.03.9]**

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# 五、Kubernetes部署 #

## 5.1、设置kubernetes源 ##

cat <<EOF > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo [kubernetes] name=Kubernetes baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64/ enabled=1 gpgcheck=1 repo_gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg EOF
    
    yum clean all && yum -y makecache

--------------------

## 5.2、安装kubelet、kubeadm和kubectl ##

# 1、版本查看
    yum list kubelet --showduplicates | sort -r
    
    # 2、安装1.17.4版本
    yum install kubelet-1.20.6 kubeadm-1.20.6 kubectl-1.20.6 -y

--------------------

## 5.3、k8s相关镜像下载 ##

**[kubernetes-v1.20.6+calio-v3.20.0+calico.yaml完整镜像资源包][kubernetes-v1.20.6_calio-v3.20.0_calico.yaml]**  
**镜像版本如下：**

k8s.gcr.io/kube-apiserver:v1.20.6
    k8s.gcr.io/kube-controller-manager:v1.20.6
    k8s.gcr.io/kube-scheduler:v1.20.6
    k8s.gcr.io/kube-proxy:v1.20.6
    k8s.gcr.io/pause:3.2
    k8s.gcr.io/etcd:3.4.13-0
    k8s.gcr.io/coredns:1.7.0
    calico/pod2daemon-flexvol:v3.20.0
    calico/node:v3.20.0
    calico/cni:v3.20.0
    calico/kube-controllers:v3.20.0

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## 5.4、kubeadm初始化master节点 ##

#1、kubernetes配置文件
    vim kubeadm-config.yaml
    
    apiVersion:  kubeadm.k8s.io/v1beta2
    kind: ClusterConfiguration
    networking:
      serviceSubnet: "10.96.0.0/16"
      podSubnet: "10.244.0.0/16"
    kubernetesVersion: "v1.20.6"
    controlPlaneEndpoint: "192.168.1.11:6443"
    apiServer:
      extraArgs:
        authorization-mode: "Node,RBAC"
        service-node-port-range: 30000-36000
    imageRepository: ""
    ---
    apiVersion:  kubeadm.k8s.io/v1beta2
    kind: KubeProxyConfiguration
    mode: "ipvs"
    
    #2、kubeadm初始化kubernetes集群
    kubeadm init --config=kubeadm-config.yaml --upload-certs --ignore-preflight-errors=SystemVerification
    
    #3、设置kubelet开机自启
    systemctl enable  kubelet

**如下图所示：**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5Lic5Z-O57ud56We_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 1]

--------------------

## 5.5、配置kubectl ##

mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
    sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
    sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
    export KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf

--------------------

## 5.6、配置calico网络 ##

#1、下载calico.yaml文件
    wget https://docs.projectcalico.org/manifests/calico.yaml
    
    #2、在master节点上部署CNI网络
    kubectl apply -f calico.yaml
    
    #3、查看master节点状态
    [root@k8s-master-11 kubernete-tools]# kubectl get nodes
    NAME            STATUS   ROLES                  AGE    VERSION
    k8s-master-11   Ready    control-plane,master   105m   v1.20.6

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## 5.7、将master标记为可调度 ##

**说明：使用kubeadm初始化的kubernetes，出于安全考虑Pod不会被调度到Master Node上，也就是说Master Node不参与工作负载。**

#1、查看k8s-master-11节点
    [root@k8s-master-11 ~]# kubectl describe node k8s-master-11 | grep Taints
    Taints:             node-role.kubernetes.io/master:NoSchedule
    说明：master:NoSchedule表示当前节点为不可调度节点
    
    #2、将k8s-master-11节点设置可可调度节点
    [root@k8s-master-11 ~]# kubectl taint node k8s-master-11 node-role.kubernetes.io/master-
    node/k8s-master-11 untainted
    [root@k8s-master-11 ~]# kubectl describe node k8s-master-11 | grep Taints
    Taints:             <none>
    
    #3、其中k8s-master是主机节点hostname如果要恢复Master Only状态，执行如下命令：
    [root@k8s-master-11 ~]# kubectl taint node k8s-master-11 node-role.kubernetes.io/master="":NoSchedule
    node/k8s-master-11 tainted
    [root@k8s-master-11 ~]# kubectl describe node k8s-master-11 | grep Taints
    Taints:             node-role.kubernetes.io/master:NoSchedule

**如下图所示：**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5Lic5Z-O57ud56We_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 2]  
**至此，单节点kubernetes就部署完成了。**

**下一章：[《Kubernetes部署篇：Centos7.6部署kubernetes1.20.6单master集群》》][Kubernetes_Centos7.6_kubernetes1.20.6_master]**

--------------------

# 总结：整理不易，如果对你有帮助，可否点赞关注一下？ #

更多详细内容请参考：[企业级K8s集群运维实战][K8s]

[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L20wXzM3ODE0MTEy_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20220828/0405a70b99c74801959a5867370d7423.png
[Centos7_5.4.13]: https://download.csdn.net/download/m0_37814112/22384144
[kubernetes]: https://download.csdn.net/download/m0_37814112/22384340
[watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5Lic5Z-O57ud56We_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16]: /images/20220828/2acfd44aa01942ec9e1455ebbb9a021b.png
[Linux_Centos7.6_docker19.03.9]: https://blog.csdn.net/m0_37814112/article/details/120227166
[kubernetes-v1.20.6_calio-v3.20.0_calico.yaml]: https://download.csdn.net/download/m0_37814112/22632549
[watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5Lic5Z-O57ud56We_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 1]: /images/20220828/b0abe7032bde436c99cca6ee7ee587ea.png
[watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5Lic5Z-O57ud56We_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 2]: /images/20220828/78ffb5c312294a0f9df6e79153dcbfcf.png
[Kubernetes_Centos7.6_kubernetes1.20.6_master]: https://blog.csdn.net/m0_37814112/article/details/120220219
[K8s]: https://blog.csdn.net/m0_37814112/category_10856504.html?spm=1001.2014.3001.5482