Hbase shell命令大全与表结构详解案例展示

深藏阁楼爱情的钟 2022-09-11 14:10 266阅读 0赞

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# 1.hbase Shell概述 #

Apache HBase Shell 是[(J)Ruby][J_Ruby]的 IRB，其中添加了一些 HBase 特定命令。您可以在 IRB 中执行的任何操作，您都应该可以在 HBase Shell 中执行。

**0. 首先创建hbase集群的操作用户 hbase\_test**

1.首先root用户在本地客户端添加hbase_test用户
    [root@10-90-50-77-jhdxyjd ~]# useradd hbase_test
    
    2.切换hbase集群的超级用户，创建/user/hbase_test目录，修改授权
    [hdfs@10-90-50-77-jhdxyjd ~]# hdfs dfs -mkdir /user/hbase_test
    [hdfs@10-90-50-77-jhdxyjd ~]# hdfs dfs -chown hbase_test:hbase_test /user/hbase_test
    
    3.注意这里hbase没有开启授权管理，后面详细讲解。

**1.开启hbase shell很简单，在装了Hbase的节点直接执行./hbase shell即可进入**

Hbase官网Shell命令查看：[Apache HBase ™ Reference Guide][Apache HBase _ Reference Guide]

# 2.Hbase shell中所有命令分类汇总 #

**如上，hbase shell中help可以查看所有hbase命令。分类汇总展示。标红的要重点关注，如果不会用help 一下命令。**

<table> 
 <tbody> 
 <tr> 
 <td>类别</td> 
 <td style="width:119px;">命令名</td> 
 <td style="width:86px;">介绍描述</td> 
 <td style="width:367px;">语法</td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td colspan="1"> 1.通用类型命令 （主要用来查看基本的hbase操作和集群基本信息） </td> 
 <td style="width:119px;">&nbsp;status</td> 
 <td style="width:86px;">返回hbase集群的状态信息</td> 
 <td style="width:367px;">hbase(main):053:0&gt; status 1 active master, 1 backup masters, 7 servers, 0 dead, 2.1429 average load Took 0.0082 seconds &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td style="width:119px;">processlist</td> 
 <td style="width:86px;">查看regionser上的task列表，可以查看多种明细</td> 
 <td style="width:367px;"> hbase(main):054:0&gt; processlist 0 tasks as of: 2021-09-17 17:33:33 No general tasks currently running. Took 0.5326 seconds &nbsp; &nbsp;hbase&gt; processlist &nbsp; hbase&gt; processlist 'all' &nbsp; hbase&gt; processlist 'general' &nbsp; hbase&gt; processlist 'handler' &nbsp; hbase&gt; processlist 'rpc' &nbsp; hbase&gt; processlist 'operation' &nbsp; hbase&gt; processlist 'all','host187.example.com' &nbsp; hbase&gt; processlist 'all','host187.example.com,16020' &nbsp; hbase&gt; processlist 'all','host187.example.com,16020,1289493121758' </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td style="width:119px;">table_help</td> 
 <td style="width:86px;">查看如何操作表</td> 
 <td style="width:367px;">table_help 会告诉你操作表的crud命令语法和演示 比如： &nbsp; &nbsp;hbase&gt; t = create 't', 'cf' Or, if you have already created the table, you can get a reference to it: &nbsp; &nbsp;hbase&gt; t = get_table 't' You can do things like call 'put' on the table: &nbsp; </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td style="width:119px;">version</td> 
 <td style="width:86px;">返回hbase版本信息</td> 
 <td style="width:367px;">hbase(main):068:0&gt; version 2.1.0-cdh6.1.0, rUnknown, Thu Dec &nbsp;6 16:59:59 PST 2018 Took 0.0003 seconds&nbsp;</td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td style="width:119px;">whoami</td> 
 <td style="width:86px;">查看当前hbase操作用户</td> 
 <td style="width:367px;">hbase(main):069:0&gt; whoami hbase_test (auth:SIMPLE) &nbsp; &nbsp; groups: hbase_test Took 0.0137 seconds</td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td colspan="1">2.namespace的所有操作命令</td> 
 <td style="width:119px;"> &nbsp;create_namespace </td> 
 <td style="width:86px;">创建namespace，类似数据库</td> 
 <td style="width:367px;">create_namespace 'myns_test' &nbsp; &nbsp;</td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td style="width:119px;"> describe_namespace </td> 
 <td style="width:86px;">查看namespace的信息</td> 
 <td style="width:367px;">hbase(main):070:0&gt; describe_namespace 'myns_test' DESCRIPTION&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; {NAME =&gt; 'myns_test', PROPERTY_NAME =&gt; 'PROPERTY_VALUE'}&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; =&gt; 1</td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td style="width:119px;"> drop_namespace </td> 
 <td style="width:86px;">删除namespace，前提必须先删除其中的表，否则异常</td> 
 <td style="width:367px;">drop_namespace&nbsp;'myns_test'</td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td style="width:119px;"> alter_namespace </td> 
 <td style="width:86px;">修改namespace其中属性</td> 
 <td style="width:367px;">&nbsp;alter_namespace 'myns_test',{METHOD =&gt; 'set', 'PROPERTY_NAME' =&gt; 'PROPERTY_VALUE'}</td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td style="width:119px;">list_namespace</td> 
 <td style="width:86px;">查看hbase中有个多少个namespace</td> 
 <td style="width:367px;">hbase(main):071:0&gt; list_namespace NAMESPACE&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; default&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; hbase&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; myns_test&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td style="width:119px;"> list_namespace _tables </td> 
 <td style="width:86px;">查看某个namespace中的所有表</td> 
 <td style="width:367px;">hbase(main):073:0&gt; list_namespace_tables 'myns_test' TABLE&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; t1&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; tb2&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 2 row(s) Took 0.0043 seconds&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; =&gt; ["t1", "tb2"]</td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td colspan="1"> 3.表的ddl语句 重点掌握表的操作 </td> 
 <td style="width:119px;"> alter, &nbsp; </td> 
 <td style="width:86px;">alter修改表模式，表列族和表所有的属性。类似alter table</td> 
 <td style="width:367px;">alter 't1', METHOD =&gt; 'table_conf_unset', NAME =&gt; 'hbase.hregion.majorcompaction'</td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td style="width:119px;"> create drop&nbsp; drop_all, </td> 
 <td style="width:86px;"> 创建表 删除表 删除所有符合规则的表，正则匹配 </td> 
 <td style="width:367px;"> 具体参考下面详细介绍 create 't1', 'f1', 'f2', 'f3' drop&nbsp; 't1' hbase&gt; drop_all 't.*' hbase&gt; drop_all 'ns:t.*' hbase&gt; drop_all 'ns:.* </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td style="width:119px;"> list </td> 
 <td style="width:86px;">list列举出hbase中所有的表；也支持模糊匹配检索列举</td> 
 <td style="width:367px;">&nbsp; hbase&gt; list &nbsp; hbase&gt; list 'abc.*' &nbsp; hbase&gt; list 'ns:abc.*' &nbsp; hbase&gt; list 'ns:.*'</td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td style="width:119px;">exists</td> 
 <td style="width:86px;">查看表是否存在，返回布尔值</td> 
 <td style="width:367px;">hbase(main):076:0&gt; &nbsp;exists 't1' Table t1 does exist&nbsp; Took 0.0279 seconds&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; =&gt; true hbase(main):077:0&gt; &nbsp;exists 'ns1:t3' Table ns1:t3 does not exist&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; =&gt; false</td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td style="width:119px;">describe/desc</td> 
 <td style="width:86px;">都是查看表结构详细信息</td> 
 <td style="width:367px;">desc 'myns:t1'</td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td style="width:119px;"> disable, disable_all, enable, enable_all, </td> 
 <td style="width:86px;">设置表可用和不可用状态。同样disable_all是按正则匹配批量设置表的disable状态</td> 
 <td style="width:367px;"> hbase&gt; disable 't1' hbase&gt; disable 'ns1:t1' hbase&gt; disable_all 't.*' hbase&gt; disable_all 'ns:t.*' hbase&gt; disable_all 'ns:.*' </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td style="width:119px;"> is_disabled, is_enabled, </td> 
 <td style="width:86px;">查看表是否可用，或者不可用，返回布尔值</td> 
 <td style="width:367px;">&nbsp; hbase&gt; is_disabled 't1' &nbsp; hbase&gt; is_disabled 'ns1:t1'</td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td style="width:119px;">get_table,</td> 
 <td style="width:86px;">获取表，将其作为object对象返回，然后基于对象操作</td> 
 <td style="width:367px;"> &nbsp; hbase&gt; t1 = get_table 't1' &nbsp; hbase&gt; t1 = get_table 'ns1:t1' &nbsp; hbase&gt;t1.help </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td style="width:119px;"> list_regions 一般查一个表的所有region，可以通过web 界面查看 </td> 
 <td style="width:86px;"> 以数组的形式列出特定表的所有region。 该命令显示服务器名称、rs名称、起始键、结束键、区域大小(以MB为单位)、请求数 和位置。 </td> 
 <td style="width:367px;">&nbsp;hbase&gt; list_regions 'table_name' &nbsp;hbase&gt; list_regions 'table_name', 'server_name' &nbsp; &nbsp; hbase&gt; list_regions 'table_name', {SERVER_NAME =&gt; 'server_name', LOCALITY_THRESHOLD =&gt; 0.8} &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;hbase&gt; list_regions 'table_name', {SERVER_NAME =&gt; 'server_name', LOCALITY_THRESHOLD =&gt; 0.8}, ['SERVER_NAME'] &nbsp; &nbsp;<img alt="" height="200" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210917183854153.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s,shadow_50,text_Q1NETiBA5rak55Sf5omL6K6w,size_20,color_FFFFFF,t_70,g_se,x_16" width="1200"></td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td style="width:119px;"> locate_region, </td> 
 <td style="width:86px;">定位一个表的key所在region</td> 
 <td style="width:367px;">hbase&gt; locate_region 'tableName', 'key0'</td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td style="width:119px;">show_filters</td> 
 <td style="width:86px;">查看hbase集群中所有的过滤器。过滤器用于get和scan命令中作为筛选数据的条件，类型关系型数据库中的where的作用，后面详解</td> 
 <td style="width:367px;"> hbase(main):096:0&gt; show_filtersDependentColumnFilter&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; KeyOnlyFilte ............ </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td style="width:119px;">alter_status</td> 
 <td style="width:86px;">获取alter命令的状态</td> 
 <td style="width:367px;">hbase&gt; alter_status 't1' hbase&gt; alter_status 'ns1:t1' hbase(main):098:0&gt;&nbsp; alter_status 't1' 1/1 regions updated. Done. Took 1.0209 seconds&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td style="width:119px;"> alter_async,&nbsp; clone_table_schema </td> 
 <td style="width:86px;">克隆表模式类似like</td> 
 <td style="width:367px;">hbase&gt; clone_table_schema 'table_name', 'new_table_name' hbase&gt; clone_table_schema 'table_name', 'new_table_name', false&nbsp; 注意，带false参数表示不保存表的拆分split模式。</td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td colspan="1">4.表的dml语句</td> 
 <td style="width:119px;">count,</td> 
 <td style="width:86px;">统计表中行数，类似hive、数据库里count语法，支持各种复杂聚合统计。&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</td> 
 <td style="width:367px;">&nbsp;hbase&gt; count 'ns1:t1' &nbsp;hbase&gt; count 't1' &nbsp;hbase&gt; count 't1', INTERVAL =&gt; 100000 &nbsp;hbase&gt; count 't1', CACHE =&gt; 1000 &nbsp;hbase&gt; count 't1', INTERVAL =&gt; 10, CACHE =&gt; 1000 &nbsp;hbase&gt; count 't1', FILTER =&gt; " &nbsp; &nbsp; (QualifierFilter (&gt;=, 'binary:xyz')) AND (TimestampsFilter ( 123, 456))" &nbsp;hbase&gt; count 't1', COLUMNS =&gt; ['c1', 'c2'], STARTROW =&gt; 'abc', STOPROW =&gt; 'xyz'</td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td style="width:119px;"> put, get, append, </td> 
 <td style="width:86px;"> put往指定的表，行，列族插入一个cells值。 get是获取指定指定行的值 append是给指定表，行，列族上cells的value追加值. </td> 
 <td style="width:367px;">hbase(main):119:0&gt; put 'tt1', 'rowkey1','f1:name','tom' hbase(main):120:0&gt; get 'tt1','rowkey1' COLUMN &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; CELL&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;f1:name &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; timestamp=1631876854951, value=tom&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 1 row(s)&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; hbase(main):121:0&gt; append &nbsp;'tt1', 'rowkey1','f1:name','tom2' CURRENT VALUE = tomtom2 hbase(main):122:0&gt; get 'tt1','rowkey1' COLUMN &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; CELL&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;f1:name &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; timestamp=1631876898153, value=tomtom2&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td style="width:119px;"> delete, deleteall, </td> 
 <td style="width:86px;"> delete删除一个指定表，指定列族，指定列的一个cell值。 而deleteall指定删除表，列族或者时间戳的所有celles值。 </td> 
 <td style="width:367px;"> &nbsp; hbase&gt; delete 'ns1:t1', 'r1', 'c1', ts1 &nbsp; hbase&gt; delete 't1', 'r1', 'c1', ts1 &nbsp; hbase&gt; delete 't1', 'r1', 'c1', ts1, {VISIBILITY=&gt;'PRIVATE|SECRET'} &nbsp; hbase&gt; deleteall 'ns1:t1', 'r1' &nbsp; hbase&gt; deleteall 't1', 'r1' &nbsp; hbase&gt; deleteall 't1', 'r1', 'c1' &nbsp; hbase&gt; deleteall 't1', 'r1', 'c1', ts1 &nbsp; hbase&gt; deleteall 't1', 'r1', 'c1', ts1, {VISIBILITY=&gt;'PRIVATE|SECRET'} </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td style="width:119px;"> &nbsp; scan,重点，后详 &nbsp; </td> 
 <td style="width:86px;">扫描一张表，通过各种属性方式设置扫描规则。后面详解</td> 
 <td style="width:367px;">&nbsp; hbase&gt; scan 'hbase:meta' &nbsp; hbase&gt; scan 'hbase:meta', {COLUMNS =&gt; 'info:regioninfo'} &nbsp; hbase&gt; scan 'ns1:t1', {COLUMNS =&gt; ['c1', 'c2'], LIMIT =&gt; 10, STARTROW =&gt; 'xyz'} &nbsp; hbase&gt; scan 't1', {COLUMNS =&gt; ['c1', 'c2'], LIMIT =&gt; 10, STARTROW =&gt; 'xyz'} &nbsp; hbase&gt; scan 't1', {COLUMNS =&gt; 'c1', TIMERANGE =&gt; [1303668804000, 1303668904000]} &nbsp; hbase&gt; scan 't1', {REVERSED =&gt; true} &nbsp; hbase&gt; scan 't1', {ALL_METRICS =&gt; true}</td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td style="width:119px;"> truncate, truncate_preserve </td> 
 <td style="width:86px;">清空表，保留表结构,实际本质是先disabled表，删除表，再重建表。</td> 
 <td style="width:367px;"></td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td style="width:119px;"> get_counter, </td> 
 <td style="width:86px;">get_counter获取计数器</td> 
 <td style="width:367px;"># 点击量：日、周、月 create 'counters', 'daily', 'weekly', 'monthly' incr 'counters', '20110101', 'daily:hits', 1 incr 'counters', '20110101', 'daily:hits', 1 get_counter 'counters', '20110101', 'daily:hits' &nbsp;</td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td style="width:119px;">incr,</td> 
 <td style="width:86px;">注意：incr 可以对不存的行键操作，如果行键已经存在会报错，如果使用put修改了incr的值再使用incr也会报错</td> 
 <td style="width:367px;"> incr# 语法 incr '表名', '行键', '列族:列名', 步长值 hbase(main):171:0&gt; incr 'ns1:t1','r3','cf1:name2',10 COUNTER VALUE = 20 hbase(main):172:0&gt; incr 'ns1:t1','r3','cf1:name2',10 COUNTER VALUE = 30 hbase(main):173:0&gt; get 'ns1:t1','r3' COLUMN &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; CELL &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;cf1:name2 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; timestamp=1631878212258, value=\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x1E&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td style="width:119px;">get_splits,</td> 
 <td style="width:86px;">获取表的分隔符</td> 
 <td style="width:367px;">hbase(main):176:0&gt; create 'ns1:t3', 'f1', SPLITS =&gt; ['10', '20', '30', '40'] Created table ns1:t3&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; =&gt; Hbase::Table - ns1:t3 hbase(main):177:0&gt; get_splits 'ns1:t3' Total number of splits = 5 10 20 30 40</td> 
 </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

**Hbase shell其他的命令，后续讲解，多是运维命令，一般开发使用的少。**

<table> 
 <tbody> 
 <tr> 
 <td style="width:120px;">hbase集群工具类命令tools重要，运维常用，后面详细展开讲述</td> 
 <td colspan="3" style="width:591px;"> assign,balance_switch,balancer, balancer_enabled, catalogjanitor_enabled, catalogjanitor_run, catalogjanitor_switch, cleaner_chore_enabled, cleaner_chore_run, cleaner_chore_switch, clear_block_cache, clear_compaction_queues, clear_deadservers, close_region, compact,compact_rs,compaction_state, flush, is_in_maintenance_mode, list_deadservers,major_compact,merge_region, move, normalize, normalizer_enabled, normalizer_switch, split, splitormerge_enabled, splitormerge_switch,stop_master,stop_regionserver,trace, unassign,wal_roll, zk_dump </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td style="width:120px;">安全权限管理类命令</td> 
 <td colspan="3" style="width:591px;"> grant,list_security_capabilities,revoke,user_permission security权限管理，运维会用。 </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td style="width:120px;">程序类procedures</td> 
 <td colspan="3" style="width:591px;"> list_locks, list_procedures </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td style="width:120px;">visibility labels</td> 
 <td colspan="3" style="width:591px;"> add_labels,clear_auths,get_auths,list_labels, set_auths,set_visibility </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td style="width:120px;">rsgroup相关操作命令</td> 
 <td colspan="3" style="width:591px;"> add_rsgroup,balance_rsgroup,get_rsgroup,get_server_rsgroup, get_table_rsgroup, list_rsgroups, move_namespaces_rsgroup, move_servers_namespaces_rsgroup, move_servers_rsgroup, move_servers_tables_rsgroup, move_tables_rsgroup, remove_rsgroup, remove_servers_rsgroup </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td style="width:120px;">空间配额类命令quotas</td> 
 <td colspan="3" style="width:591px;"> 一般生产对租户对做配额管理，防止单个用户占用大量的资源，运维命令list_quota_snapshots, list_quota_table_sizes, list_quotas, list_snapshot_sizes, set_quota </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td style="width:120px;">配置文件更新命令</td> 
 <td colspan="3" style="width:591px;"> &nbsp;update_all_config,update_config 运维命令</td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td style="width:120px;">&nbsp;snapshots</td> 
 <td colspan="3" style="width:591px;"> clone_snapshot, delete_all_snapshot, delete_snapshot, delete_table_snapshots, list_snapshots, list_table_snapshots, restore_snapshot, snapshot </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td style="width:120px;">replication</td> 
 <td colspan="3" style="width:591px;"> add_peer, append_peer_namespaces, append_peer_tableCFs, disable_peer, disable_table_replication, enable_peer, enable_table_replication, get_peer_config, list_peer_configs, list_peers, list_replicated_tables, remove_peer, remove_peer_namespaces, remove_peer_tableCFs, set_peer_bandwidth, set_peer_exclude_namespaces, set_peer_exclude_tableCFs, set_peer_namespaces, set_peer_replicate_all, set_peer_serial, set_peer_tableCFs, show_peer_tableCFs,update_peer_config </td> 
 </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

# 3.Hbase Shell命令操作与实例演示 #

## 3.0 hbase 神器 help ##

### **3.01.直接列举出出所有hbase shell的命令，分类归总** ###

hbase(main):019:0> help
    HBase Shell, version 2.1.0-cdh6.1.0, rUnknown, Thu Dec  6 16:59:59 PST 2018
    Type 'help "COMMAND"', (e.g. 'help "get"' -- the quotes are necessary) for help on a specific command.
    Commands are grouped. Type 'help "COMMAND_GROUP"', (e.g. 'help "general"') for help on a command group.
    这里是hbase所有命令，并且按类分组了。
    COMMAND GROUPS:  
      Group name: general  //通用命令
      Commands: processlist, status, table_help, version, whoami
    
      .............................

### 3.0.2查看某个命令的详细使用  ###

hbase(main):020:0> help 'create'
    Creates a table. Pass a table name, and a set of column family
    specifications (at least one), and, optionally, table configuration.
    Column specification can be a simple string (name), or a dictionary
    (dictionaries are described below in main help output), necessarily
    including NAME attribute.
    Examples:
    
    Create a table with namespace=ns1 and table qualifier=t1
      hbase> create 'ns1:t1', {NAME => 'f1', VERSIONS => 5}
    
    Create a table with namespace=default and table qualifier=t1
      hbase> create 't1', {NAME => 'f1'}, {NAME => 'f2'}, {NAME => 'f3'}
      hbase> # The above in shorthand would be the following:
      hbase> create 't1', 'f1', 'f2', 'f3'
      hbase> create 't1', {NAME => 'f1', VERSIONS => 1, TTL => 2592000, BLOCKCACHE => true}
      hbase> create 't1', {NAME => 'f1', CONFIGURATION => {'hbase.hstore.blockingStoreFiles' => '10'}}
      hbase> create 't1', {NAME => 'f1', IS_MOB => true, MOB_THRESHOLD => 1000000, MOB_COMPACT_PARTITION_POLICY => 'weekly'}
    
    Table configuration options can be put at the end.
    Examples:
    
      hbase> create 'ns1:t1', 'f1', SPLITS => ['10', '20', '30', '40']
      hbase> create 't1', 'f1', SPLITS => ['10', '20', '30', '40']
      hbase> create 't1', 'f1', SPLITS_FILE => 'splits.txt', OWNER => 'johndoe'
      hbase> create 't1', {NAME => 'f1', VERSIONS => 5}, METADATA => { 'mykey' => 'myvalue' }
      hbase> # Optionally pre-split the table into NUMREGIONS, using
      hbase> # SPLITALGO ("HexStringSplit", "UniformSplit" or classname)
      hbase> create 't1', 'f1', {NUMREGIONS => 15, SPLITALGO => 'HexStringSplit'}
      hbase> create 't1', 'f1', {NUMREGIONS => 15, SPLITALGO => 'HexStringSplit', REGION_REPLICATION => 2, CONFIGURATION => {'hbase.hregion.scan.loadColumnFamiliesOnDemand' => 'true'}}
      hbase> create 't1', {NAME => 'f1', DFS_REPLICATION => 1}
    
    You can also keep around a reference to the created table:
    
      hbase> t1 = create 't1', 'f1'
    
    Which gives you a reference to the table named 't1', on which you can then
    call methods.

## 3.1 namespace概述与创建更新删除 ##

namespace命名空间是表的逻辑分组，类似于关系数据库系统中的数据库。这种抽象为即将到来的多租户相关功能奠定了基础。简单理解就是hbase中的数据库，隔离用户，做如下配额，安全管理等。

*  配额管理 ( [HBASE-8410][] ) - 限制命名空间可以消耗的资源量（即区域、表）。
 *  命名空间安全管理 ( [HBASE-9206][] ) - 为租户提供另一个级别的安全管理。
 *  区域服务器组 ( [HBASE-6721][] ) - 命名空间/表可以固定到 RegionServers 的子集上，从而保证粗略的隔离级别。

**注意：hbase集群在创建时，默认预定义了两个特殊的命名空间**

*  hbase - 系统命名空间，用于包含 HBase 内部表
 *  default - 没有明确指定命名空间的表将自动落入这个命名空间

**尖叫总结：实际生产中很少通过hbase shell去操作hbase，更多的是学习测试，问题排查等等才会使用到hbase shell ,hbase总的来说就是写数据，然后查询。 前者是通过API bulkload等形式写数据，后者通过api调用查询。**

###  3.1.1 namespace的操作 ###

1.创建namespace
    hbase(main):008:0> create_namespace 'myns_test'    
    2.在指定的namespace中创建一个表                                                                                               
    hbase(main):009:0> create 'myns_test:t1','cl1'
    Created table myns_test:t1                                                                                               
    => Hbase::Table - myns_test:t1
    3.删除一个namespace，前提必须要先把其中的表删完，不然报错。跟数据库一样
    hbase(main):010:0> drop_namespace 'myns_test'
    
    ERROR: org.apache.hadoop.hbase.constraint.ConstraintException: Only empty namespaces can be removed. Namespace myns_test has 1 tables
            at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.master.procedure.DeleteNamespaceProcedure.prepareDelete(DeleteNamespaceProcedure.java:217)
            ...............
            at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.procedure2.ProcedureExecutor$WorkerThread.run(ProcedureExecutor.java:2140)
    
    For usage try 'help "drop_namespace"'
    
    Took 0.7591 seconds   
    5.修改namespace的属性                                                                                               
    hbase(main):011:0> alter_namespace 'myns_test',{METHOD => 'set', 'PROPERTY_NAME' => 'PROPERTY_VALUE'}
    Took 0.5489 seconds                                                                                                  
    
    7.查看所有的namespace,看系统预定义与默认的defalut/hbase namespace。如果创建表不指定namespace，则在默认default里。
    hbase(main):014:0> create_namespace 'myns_test1'
    Took 0.2504 seconds                                                                                                  
    hbase(main):015:0> list_namespace
    NAMESPACE                                                                                                            
    default                                                                                                              
    hbase                                                                                                                
    myns_test                                                                                                            
    myns_test1                                                                                                           
    4 row(s)
    hbase(main):016:0> drop_namespace 'myns_test1'  #删除一个空的namespace
    Took 0.2248 seconds                                                                                                  
    hbase(main):017:0> list_namespace
    NAMESPACE                                                                                                            
    default                                                                                                              
    hbase                                                                                                                
    myns_test                                                                                                            
    3 row(s)
    Took 0.0113 seconds 
    
    8.查看namespace的详细信息
    hbase(main):018:0> describe_namespace 'myns_test'
    DESCRIPTION                                                                                                          
    {NAME => 'myns_test', PROPERTY_NAME => 'PROPERTY_VALUE'}                                                             
    Took 0.0058 seconds                                                                                                  
    => 1
    
    9.列出某个namespace下所有的表
    hbase(main):023:0> list_namespace_tables 'myns_test'
    TABLE                                                                                                                
    t1                                                                                                                   
    1 row(s)
    Took 0.0237 seconds                                                                                                  
    => ["t1"]

**尖叫总结：namespace了解即可，实际生产中用的很少，一般也都是运维同学给创建好。开发更多的是表级别的操作。**

## 3.2hbase 表的CRUD ##

**   创建表，必须传递两个值，一个是表名，一个是列族名。其他可选的表的配置可加可不加，其他都是对表（实际列族）的约束，根据实际生产要求添加，比如压缩，时间戳，版本等等。且属性可以单独指定，不指定的属性就是默认值。**

### **3.2.1列举表，查看表结构等** ###

1.列出某个namespace下所有的表                                                                                                 
    hbase(main):023:0> list_namespace_tables 'myns_test'
    TABLE                                                                                                                
    t1                                                                                                                   
    1 row(s)
    Took 0.0237 seconds                                                                                                  
    => ["t1"]
    2.列出所有表，所有namespace下所有表。
    hbase(main):024:0> list
    TABLE                                                                                                                
    myns_test:t1                                                                                                         
    test                                                                                                                 
    2 row(s)
    Took 0.0041 seconds                                                                                                  
    => ["myns_test:t1", "test"]
    
    3.查看表结构，describe会显示表的结构，默认值，参数等。类似show create table 
    hbase(main):027:0> describe 't1'
    Table t1 is ENABLED                                                                                                  
    t1                                                                                                                   
    COLUMN FAMILIES DESCRIPTION                                                                                          
    {NAME => 'f1', VERSIONS => '1', EVICT_BLOCKS_ON_CLOSE => 'false', NEW_VERSION_BEHAVIOR => 'false', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS
     => 'FALSE', CACHE_DATA_ON_WRITE => 'false', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'NONE', TTL => 'FOREVER', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', RE
    PLICATION_SCOPE => '0', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', CACHE_INDEX_ON_WRITE => 'false', IN_MEMORY => 'false', CACHE_BLOOMS_ON_
    WRITE => 'false', PREFETCH_BLOCKS_ON_OPEN => 'false', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', BLOCKCACHE => 'true', BLOCKSIZE => '6553
    6'}                                                                                                                  
    {NAME => 'f2', VERSIONS => '1', EVICT_BLOCKS_ON_CLOSE => 'false', NEW_VERSION_BEHAVIOR => 'false', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS
     => 'FALSE', CACHE_DATA_ON_WRITE => 'false', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'NONE', TTL => 'FOREVER', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', RE
    PLICATION_SCOPE => '0', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', CACHE_INDEX_ON_WRITE => 'false', IN_MEMORY => 'false', CACHE_BLOOMS_ON_
    WRITE => 'false', PREFETCH_BLOCKS_ON_OPEN => 'false', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', BLOCKCACHE => 'true', BLOCKSIZE => '6553
    6'}                                                                                                                  
    {NAME => 'f3', VERSIONS => '1', EVICT_BLOCKS_ON_CLOSE => 'false', NEW_VERSION_BEHAVIOR => 'false', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS
     => 'FALSE', CACHE_DATA_ON_WRITE => 'false', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'NONE', TTL => 'FOREVER', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', RE
    PLICATION_SCOPE => '0', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', CACHE_INDEX_ON_WRITE => 'false', IN_MEMORY => 'false', CACHE_BLOOMS_ON_
    WRITE => 'false', PREFETCH_BLOCKS_ON_OPEN => 'false', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', BLOCKCACHE => 'true', BLOCKSIZE => '6553
    6'}                                                                                                                  
    3 row(s)
    Took 0.1012 seconds

### 3.2.2各种形式的创建表，常用 ###

**1.基础建表语句，要有表名+列族名，如下在默认namespace中创建表tb1，列族名cf。同时创建一个表tb2,3个列族。注意观察两个表的表结构有啥不一样。**

1.创建一个列族的表tb1
    hbase(main):028:0>  create 'tb1','cf'
    Created table tb1
    Took 0.7221 seconds                                                                                                  
    => Hbase::Table - tb1
    hbase(main):029:0> describe 'tb1'
    Table tb1 is ENABLED                                                                                                 
    tb1                                                                                                                  
    COLUMN FAMILIES DESCRIPTION                                                                                          
    {NAME => 'cf', VERSIONS => '1', EVICT_BLOCKS_ON_CLOSE => 'false', NEW_VERSION_BEHAVIOR => 'false', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS
     => 'FALSE', CACHE_DATA_ON_WRITE => 'false', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'NONE', TTL => 'FOREVER', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', RE
    PLICATION_SCOPE => '0', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', CACHE_INDEX_ON_WRITE => 'false', IN_MEMORY => 'false', CACHE_BLOOMS_ON_
    WRITE => 'false', PREFETCH_BLOCKS_ON_OPEN => 'false', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', BLOCKCACHE => 'true', BLOCKSIZE => '6553
    6'}                                                                                                                  
    
    2.创建3个列族的表，tb2
    hbase(main):036:0> create 'tb2','cf1','cf2','cf3'
    Created table tb2
    hbase(main):038:0> describe 'tb2'
    Table tb2 is ENABLED                                                                                                 
    tb2                                                                                                                  
    COLUMN FAMILIES DESCRIPTION                                                                                          
    {NAME => 'cf1', VERSIONS => '1', EVICT_BLOCKS_ON_CLOSE => 'false', NEW_VERSION_BEHAVIOR => 'false', KEEP_DELETED_CELL
    S => 'FALSE', CACHE_DATA_ON_WRITE => 'false', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'NONE', TTL => 'FOREVER', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', R
    EPLICATION_SCOPE => '0', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', CACHE_INDEX_ON_WRITE => 'false', IN_MEMORY => 'false', CACHE_BLOOMS_ON
    _WRITE => 'false', PREFETCH_BLOCKS_ON_OPEN => 'false', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', BLOCKCACHE => 'true', BLOCKSIZE => '655
    36'}                                                                                                                 
    {NAME => 'cf2', VERSIONS => '1', EVICT_BLOCKS_ON_CLOSE => 'false', NEW_VERSION_BEHAVIOR => 'false', KEEP_DELETED_CELL
    S => 'FALSE', CACHE_DATA_ON_WRITE => 'false', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'NONE', TTL => 'FOREVER', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', R
    EPLICATION_SCOPE => '0', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', CACHE_INDEX_ON_WRITE => 'false', IN_MEMORY => 'false', CACHE_BLOOMS_ON
    _WRITE => 'false', PREFETCH_BLOCKS_ON_OPEN => 'false', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', BLOCKCACHE => 'true', BLOCKSIZE => '655
    36'}                                                                                                                 
    {NAME => 'cf3', VERSIONS => '1', EVICT_BLOCKS_ON_CLOSE => 'false', NEW_VERSION_BEHAVIOR => 'false', KEEP_DELETED_CELL
    S => 'FALSE', CACHE_DATA_ON_WRITE => 'false', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'NONE', TTL => 'FOREVER', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', R
    EPLICATION_SCOPE => '0', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', CACHE_INDEX_ON_WRITE => 'false', IN_MEMORY => 'false', CACHE_BLOOMS_ON
    _WRITE => 'false', PREFETCH_BLOCKS_ON_OPEN => 'false', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', BLOCKCACHE => 'true', BLOCKSIZE => '655
    36'}

**如上，我们简单建表后，describe以后我们发现，表tb1有如下默认配置属性。**

**注意，Hbase表/列族属性介绍：**

1.  **NAME => 'cf', 列族名**
2.  **VERSIONS => '1',  版本数，默认数据存放一个版本，多余删除，实际生产常用参数，可以设置更多。**
3.  **EVICT\_BLOCKS\_ON\_CLOSE => 'false',**是否在关闭时从blockcache中取出缓存块。
4.  **NEW\_VERSION\_BEHAVIOR => 'false',可选新版本行为，hbase2特性，与删除有关。后续讲解**
5.  **KEEP\_DELETED\_CELLS => 'FALSE',列族是否可以选择保留已删除的单元格。如果true情况下，仍然可以检索已删除的单元格。默认一般删除了就不保留了，false。具体可以参考：**[Apache HBase ™ Reference Guide][Apache HBase _ Reference Guide 1]
6.  **CACHE\_DATA\_ON\_WRITE => 'false',**写入缓存数据
7.  **DATA\_BLOCK\_ENCODING => 'NONE', 数据块block的编码方式设置，**H**Base目前提供了四种常用的编码方式： Prefix\_Tree、 Diff 、 Fast\_Diff 、Prefix。**
8.  **TTL => 'FOREVER', 全称time to live,列族可以以设置一个以秒为单位的 TTL 长度，一旦到了过期时间，HBase 会自动删除行。这适用于一行的*所有*版本——甚至是当前版本。在 HBase 中为行编码的 TTL 时间以 UTC 指定。非常常用，生产一般设置TTL，相当于数仓里的生命周期，比如一个月等，不然数据一直膨胀。具体可以参考：**[Apache HBase ™ Reference Guide][Apache HBase _ Reference Guide 2]
9.  **MIN\_VERSIONS => '0',**如果 **HBase 中的表设置了 TTL 的时候**，MIN\_VERSIONS 才会起作用。
10. **REPLICATION\_SCOPE => '0',REPLICATION\_SCOPE 是列族级别属性，其值可以是 0 或 1。值 0 表示禁用复制，而 1 表示启用复制。这个一般默认值0。关于hbase的复制可以参考这两篇文章后续详细介绍：**[https://clouderatemp.wpengine.com/blog/2012/07/hbase-replication-overview-2/][https_clouderatemp.wpengine.com_blog_2012_07_hbase-replication-overview-2]     [Apache HBase Replication: Operational Overview - Cloudera Blog][Apache HBase Replication_ Operational Overview - Cloudera Blog]
11. **BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW',布隆过滤器级别，默认行级别**
12. **CACHE\_INDEX\_ON\_WRITE => 'false',**写入缓存索引
13. **IN\_MEMORY => 'false',**是否将列族存储在内存中，HBase 可以选择一个列族赋予更高的优先级缓存，激进缓存（表示优先级更高），IN\_MEMORY 默认是false。如果设置为true，HBase 会尝试将整个列族保存在内存中，只有在需要保存是才会持久化写入磁盘。但是在运行时 HBase 会尝试将整张表加载到内存里。
14. **CACHE\_BLOOMS\_ON\_WRITE => 'false',**写入时缓存爆发
15. **PREFETCH\_BLOCKS\_ON\_OPEN => 'false',**在打开状态下预取块，默认false
16. **COMPRESSION => 'NONE', 配置数据是否压缩，以及压缩算法，如snappy等，针对列族进行配置，一张表多个列族可以不同列族不同压缩算法。**
17. **BLOCKCACHE => 'true',  块缓存是否开启，默认开启，后续介绍**
18. **BLOCKSIZE => '65536'\}   **设置HFile数据块大小（默认64kb）一般不改，即使修改也是集群层面的统一设置，很少设置单个表，单个列族的属性。

** 尖叫总结：注意通过上面我们创建的3个列族的tb2表我们可以看出，如上表的属性都是针对列族的，所有的操作属性都是列族级别的。我们可以针对列族设置，也可以使用默认值。**

**2.指定列族属性创建表。**

1.创建表使用NAME属性值指定列族名
    hbase(main):040:0>  create 't4', {NAME => 'f1'}, {NAME => 'f2'}, {NAME => 'f3'}
    hbase(main):040:0>  create 't4', 'f1','f2','f3'
    注意这两种创建的表结构都是一样的
    
    2.其他指定列族属性创建表
    hbase> create 't1', 'f1', 'f2', 'f3'
    hbase> create 't1', {NAME => 'f1', VERSIONS => 1, TTL => 2592000, BLOCKCACHE => true}
    hbase> create 't1', {NAME => 'f1', CONFIGURATION => {'hbase.hstore.blockingStoreFiles' => '10'}}
    hbase> create 't1', {NAME => 'f1', IS_MOB => true, MOB_THRESHOLD => 1000000, MOB_COMPACT_PARTITION_POLICY => 'weekly'}

**其实列族的属性有很多，上面是默认的，可以通过创建表时指定很多属性，比如预分区。具体参考hbase官网**[Apache HBase ™ Reference Guide][Apache HBase _ Reference Guide 3]

hbase> create 'ns1:t1', 'f1', SPLITS => ['10', '20', '30', '40']
    hbase(main):047:0> describe  'tb12'
    Table tb12 is ENABLED                                                                                                
    tb12                                                                                                                 
    COLUMN FAMILIES DESCRIPTION                                                                                          
    {NAME => 'f1', VERSIONS => '1', EVICT_BLOCKS_ON_CLOSE => 'false', NEW_VERSION_BEHAVIOR => 'false', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS
     => 'FALSE', CACHE_DATA_ON_WRITE => 'false', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'NONE', TTL => 'FOREVER', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', RE
    PLICATION_SCOPE => '0', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', CACHE_INDEX_ON_WRITE => 'false', IN_MEMORY => 'false', CACHE_BLOOMS_ON_
    WRITE => 'false', PREFETCH_BLOCKS_ON_OPEN => 'false', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', BLOCKCACHE => 'true', BLOCKSIZE => '6553
    6'}                                                                                                                  
    1 row(s)
    Took 0.0152 seconds           
    hbase> create 't1', 'f1', SPLITS_FILE => 'splits.txt', OWNER => 'johndoe'
    hbase> create 't1', {NAME => 'f1', VERSIONS => 5}, METADATA => { 'mykey' => 'myvalue' }
    hbase> # Optionally pre-split the table into NUMREGIONS, using
    hbase> # SPLITALGO ("HexStringSplit", "UniformSplit" or classname)
    hbase> create 't1', 'f1', {NUMREGIONS => 15, SPLITALGO => 'HexStringSplit'}
    hbase> create 't1', 'f1', {NUMREGIONS => 15, SPLITALGO => 'HexStringSplit', REGION_REPLICATION => 2, CONFIGURATION => {'hbase.hregion.scan.loadColumnFamiliesOnDemand' => 'true'}}
    hbase> create 't1', {NAME => 'f1', DFS_REPLICATION => 1}

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[J_Ruby]: http://jruby.org/
[Apache HBase _ Reference Guide]: http://hbase.apache.org/book.html#shell
[HBASE-8410]: https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/HBASE-8410
[HBASE-9206]: https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/HBASE-9206
[HBASE-6721]: https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/HBASE-6721
[Apache HBase _ Reference Guide 1]: http://hbase.apache.org/book.html#cf.keep.deleted
[Apache HBase _ Reference Guide 2]: http://hbase.apache.org/book.html#ttl
[https_clouderatemp.wpengine.com_blog_2012_07_hbase-replication-overview-2]: https://clouderatemp.wpengine.com/blog/2012/07/hbase-replication-overview-2/
[Apache HBase Replication_ Operational Overview - Cloudera Blog]: https://blog.cloudera.com/apache-hbase-replication-operational-overview/
[Apache HBase _ Reference Guide 3]: http://hbase.apache.org/book.html#regionserver_sizing_rules_of_thumb
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