基于jenkins的CICD使用

电玩女神 2022-09-13 11:25 332阅读 0赞

**前言：这篇文章主要讲一讲基于jenkins的CICD使用**

### 基于jenkins的CICD使用 ###

*  一、简介
 *  二、CICD流程图
 *  三、CICD效果
 *  四、jenkins 编译方式
 *  五、新创建job
 *  六、pipeline 脚本说明
 *  七、疑问解答与加群交流学习

# 一、简介 #

为了提升线下测试效率，缩短测试时间，提升提测代码质量，规范流程，缩短测试准备和执行时间，缩短问题定位时间，提供预测性指标，规范CICD流程，以提升整体团队效率。

# 二、CICD流程图 #

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5aW95aW95YWI55SfJk1yLkxp_size_20_color_FF0000_t_70_g_se_x_16]

# 三、CICD效果 #

大致可查看到的job如下：  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5aW95aW95YWI55SfJk1yLkxp_size_20_color_FF0000_t_70_g_se_x_16 1]  
点击其中可查看具体编译情况：  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5aW95aW95YWI55SfJk1yLkxp_size_20_color_FF0000_t_70_g_se_x_16 2]

# 四、jenkins 编译方式 #

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5aW95aW95YWI55SfJk1yLkxp_size_20_color_FF0000_t_70_g_se_x_16 3]

# 五、新创建job #

1、进入视图页面，找到对应的视图列表，点击左侧new item 新建job  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5aW95aW95YWI55SfJk1yLkxp_size_16_color_FF0000_t_70_g_se_x_16]  
2、填写对应的job名称，选择流水线模式，并勾选添加到当前视图中，点击ok  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5aW95aW95YWI55SfJk1yLkxp_size_20_color_FF0000_t_70_g_se_x_16 4]  
3、填写对应的job描述信息，配置对应的项目构建历史保留数  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5aW95aW95YWI55SfJk1yLkxp_size_20_color_FF0000_t_70_g_se_x_16 5]  
４、配置对应的pipeline 脚本  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5aW95aW95YWI55SfJk1yLkxp_size_20_color_FF0000_t_70_g_se_x_16 6]

# 六、pipeline 脚本说明 #

1、开发环境

1.  pipeline 脚本参考

pipeline {
        
       agent any
       environment {
        
          PATH = "/usr/local/git/bin:/opt/maven/apache-maven-3.6.3/bin:/opt/java/jdk1.8.0_221/bin:/usr/local/python/bin:$PATH"
    	GIT_URL = "https://xxxx.git"
    	BRANCH = "dev"
    	API_DIR = "xxx"
          PROVIDER_DIR = "xxx"
    	WEB_DIR = ”xxx"
    	DEPLOY_SCRIPTS_PID = "xxxx"
    	DEPLOY_SCRIPTS_PORT = "xxxx"
    	DEPLOY_SCRIPTS_OMO = "xxxx"
    	PKG_NAME = "xxx"
    	PORT = "xxx"
       }
    ## 拉取代码
       stages {
          stage('Check out') {
             steps {
                echo 'git clone code and checkout' 
                echo '拉取代码到jenkins服务器'
                checkout([$class: 'GitSCM', branches: [[name: "*/${
        BRANCH}"]], doGenerateSubmoduleConfigurations: false, extensions: [], submoduleCfg: [], userRemoteConfigs: [[credentialsId: 'scrm_gituser', url: "${
        GIT_URL}"]]])
                echo '拉取代码完成'
                echo '获取commit id'
                script {
                    commit_id = sh(returnStdout: true, script: 'git rev-parse --short HEAD').trim()
                }
                sh """ 
                    echo "获取到的commit id为: ${commit_id}"
                    """
             }
          }
    ## 编译
          stage('Build') {
             steps {
                echo 'package core'
                echo '打包core jar包'
                sh """
                    mvn -Dmaven.test.skip=true clean package
                    """
                echo '打包core jar包完成'
                sh """
                    echo "打成的jar如下"
                    ls -al target/*.jar
                    """  
             }
          }
    ## 修改编译后的产物名称
          stage('Change package name') {
             steps {
                echo 'change package name'
                echo '修改jar名字'
                withCredentials([sshUserPrivateKey(credentialsId: 'jenkins_ssh_key', keyFileVariable: 'deploy_ssh_key', passphraseVariable: '', usernameVariable: 'deploy_ssh_user')]) {
                    sh "sh  /opt/deploy/push_pkg.sh ${
        env.JOB_NAME} ${
        commit_id}"
                } 
             }
          }
    ## 创建程序运行目录
          stage('Create package dist dir') {
             steps {
                echo 'Create package dist dir'
                echo '创建部署jar包的路径'
                withCredentials([sshUserPrivateKey(credentialsId: 'jenkins_ssh_key', keyFileVariable: 'deploy_ssh_key', passphraseVariable: '', usernameVariable: 'deploy_ssh_user')]) {
                    sh """
                        ssh -i ${
        deploy_ssh_key} ${
        deploy_ssh_user}@xxxxx 'if [ ! -d "/opt/deploy/${env.JOB_NAME}" ];then mkdir -pv /opt/deploy/${env.JOB_NAME};fi'
                    """
                }
                echo '创建部署jar包路径完成'
                echo '部署jar包的路径如下'
                withCredentials([sshUserPrivateKey(credentialsId: 'jenkins_ssh_key', keyFileVariable: 'deploy_ssh_key', passphraseVariable: '', usernameVariable: 'deploy_ssh_user')]) {
                    sh """
                        ssh -i ${
        deploy_ssh_key} ${
        deploy_ssh_user}@xxxxxx 'ls -al /opt/deploy/${env.JOB_NAME}'
                    """
                }
             }
          }
    ## 推动包到目标服务器
          stage('Push package') {
             steps {
                echo 'push package to servers'
                echo '推送jar包到目标服务器'
                withCredentials([sshUserPrivateKey(credentialsId: 'jenkins_ssh_key', keyFileVariable: 'deploy_ssh_key', passphraseVariable: '', usernameVariable: 'deploy_ssh_user')]) {
                    sh """
                        scp -i ${
        deploy_ssh_key} target/*-${
        commit_id}.jar ${
        deploy_ssh_user}@xxxx:/opt/deploy/${
        env.JOB_NAME}
                        """
                }   
             }
          }
    ## 推动运行脚本到目标服务器
          stage('Push deploy scripts') {
             steps {
                echo 'push deploy scripts to servers'
                echo '推动运行jar包的脚本到目标服务器'
                withCredentials([sshUserPrivateKey(credentialsId: 'jenkins_ssh_key', keyFileVariable: 'deploy_ssh_key', passphraseVariable: '', usernameVariable: 'deploy_ssh_user')]) {
                    sh """
                        scp -i ${
        deploy_ssh_key} /opt/deploy/${
        DEPLOY_SCRIPTS}.sh ${
        deploy_ssh_user}@xxxxx:/opt/deploy/${
        env.JOB_NAME}
                        """
                }   
             }
          }
    ## 部署程序
          stage('Deploy') {
             steps {
                echo 'deploy package to servers'
                echo '目标服务器上运行jar包'
                withCredentials([sshUserPrivateKey(credentialsId: 'jenkins_ssh_key', keyFileVariable: 'deploy_ssh_key', passphraseVariable: '', usernameVariable: 'deploy_ssh_user')]) {
                    sh """
                        ssh -i ${
        deploy_ssh_key} ${
        deploy_ssh_user}@xxxxx sh  /opt/deploy/${
        env.JOB_NAME}/${
        DEPLOY_SCRIPTS}.sh ${
        commit_id} ${
        PROVIDER_PKG_NAME} ${
        env.JOB_NAME} ${
        PORT}
                        """
                }
                echo '部署jar包完成'
             }
          }
       }
    ## 编译状态通知
        post {
            always {
                withCredentials([usernamePassword(credentialsId: 'jenkins_api_user', passwordVariable: 'jenkins_pwd', usernameVariable: 'jenkins_user')]) {
                    sh """python3 /opt/deploy/notification_jenkins.py ${
        jenkins_user} ${
        jenkins_pwd} ${
        env.JOB_NAME}
                        """
                }
            }
        }
    }

1.  项目编译步骤

*  配置环境变量
 *  拉取代码
 *  编译(打包和推送到私服)
 *  编译产物修改名称(用作部署指定版本)
 *  创建程序运行目录
 *  推送包到目标服务器
 *  推送脚本到目标服务器
 *  运行程序
 *  反馈编译状态结果

1.  环境变量说明

*  GIT\_URL 　拉取项目仓库地址
 *  BRANCH 分支名称
 *  API\_DIR 对应多模块中api模块目录名
 *  PROVIDER\_DIR 对应多模块中provider模块目录名
 *  WEB\_DIR 对应多模块中web模块目录名
 *  DEPLOY\_SCRIPT\_PORT 对应运行程序中有开启端口服务脚本
 *  DEPLOY\_SCRIPT\_PID 对应运行程序中没有开启端口服务脚本
 *  DEPLOY\_SCRIPT\_OMO 对应OMO系统中运行脚本
 *  PROVIDER\_PKG\_NAME 对应provider模块编译生成的jar包名称
 *  WEB\_PKG\_NAME 对应web模块编译生成的jar包名称
 *  OMO\_PKG\_NAME 对应omo项目core模块编译生成的jar包名称
 *  FRONT\_DIR 对应前端项目目录
 *  FRONT\_PKG\_NAME 对应前端包名
 *  FRONT\_CONF 对应前端配置文件
 *  DEPLOY\_SCIPTS\_FRONT 对应前端部署脚本

2、测试环境

1.  pipeline 脚本参考

pipeline {
        
       agent any
    
    
    ## 注入参数
        parameters {
        
           choice(
             description: '发布指定的分支\n说明:\ntest对应0.2.2版本\ntest1对应0.2.3版本\n默认值test',
             name: 'BRANCH', 
             choices: ['test', 'test1']
           )
    
    
           choice(
             description: '发布到指定的节点\n说明:\ntest对应0.2.2版本\ntest1对应0.2.3版本\n默认值test-0.2.2',
             name: 'DEPLOY_TO', 
             choices: ['test-0.2.2', 'test-0.2.3']
           )
       }
    ## 注入环境变量
       environment {
        
           PATH = "/usr/local/git/bin:/usr/local/src/apache-maven-3.6.3/bin:/usr/local/src/jdk1.8.0_221/bin:/usr/local/python/bin:$PATH"
           GIT_URL = ""
           BRANCH = "${params.BRANCH}"
           NODE = "${params.DEPLOY_TO}"
           PROVIDER_DIR = ""
           DEPLOY_SCRIPTS = ""
           PROVIDER_PKG_NAME = ""
           PORT = ""
           ENV = ""
       }   
    
       stages {
        
         ## 拉取代码
          stage('Check out') {
        
             steps {
        
                echo 'git clone code and checkout' 
                echo '拉取代码到jenkins服务器'
                checkout([$class: 'GitSCM', branches: [[name: "*/${BRANCH}"]], doGenerateSubmoduleConfigurations: false, extensions: [], submoduleCfg: [], userRemoteConfigs: [[credentialsId: 'scrm_gituser', url: "${GIT_URL}"]]])
                echo '拉取代码完成'
                echo '获取commit id'
                script {
        
                    commit_id = sh(returnStdout: true, script: 'git rev-parse --short HEAD').trim()
                }
                sh """ 
                    echo "获取到的commit id为: ${
        commit_id}"
                    """
             }
          }
         ## 编译
          stage('Build') {
        
             steps {
        
                echo 'deply api to nexus'
                echo '将api包打包并上传到nexus'
                echo 'package core'
                sh """
                    mvn -Dmaven.test.skip=true clean deploy
                    """
                echo '上传api包到私服完成'
                echo '打包core jar包完成'
                sh """
                    echo "打成的jar如下"
                    ls -al ${PROVIDER_DIR}/target/*.jar
                    """
    
    
             }
          }
         ## 修改名称
          stage('Change package name') {
        
             steps {
        
                echo 'change package name'
                echo '修改jar名字'
                echo "${commit_id}"
                ansiblePlaybook(
                    become: true, 
                    credentialsId: 'jenkins_ssh_key', 
                    disableHostKeyChecking: true, 
                    forks: 10, 
                    inventory: "/opt/deploy/test_scrm/inventory/${NODE}.yml", 
                    playbook: '/opt/deploy/test_scrm/playbook/deploy.yml', 
                    sudoUser: null, 
                    tags: 'backend_change_pkg',
                    extraVars: 
                        [ 
                            PROVIDER_DIR: "${PROVIDER_DIR}",
                            job_name: "${env.JOB_NAME}",
                            commit_id: "${commit_id}",
                        ]
                ) 
                } 
    
    
             }
         ## 创建部署目录
          stage('Create package dist dir') {
        
             steps {
        
                echo 'Create package dist dir'
                echo '创建部署jar包的路径'
                ansiblePlaybook(
                    become: true, 
                    credentialsId: 'jenkins_ssh_key', 
                    disableHostKeyChecking: true, 
                    forks: 10, 
                    inventory: "/opt/deploy/test_scrm/inventory/${NODE}.yml", 
                    playbook: '/opt/deploy/test_scrm/playbook/deploy.yml', 
                    sudoUser: null, 
                    tags: 'backend_create_pkg_dir',
                    extraVars: [ PROVIDER_DIR: "${env.JOB_NAME}"]
                )
                echo '创建部署jar包路径完成'
                echo '部署jar包的路径如下'
                ansiblePlaybook(
                    become: true, 
                    credentialsId: 'jenkins_ssh_key', 
                    disableHostKeyChecking: true, 
                    forks: 10, 
                    inventory: "/opt/deploy/test_scrm/inventory/${NODE}.yml", 
                    playbook: '/opt/deploy/test_scrm/playbook/deploy.yml', 
                    sudoUser: null, 
                    tags: 'backend_list_pkg_dir',
                    extraVars: [ PROVIDER_DIR: "${env.JOB_NAME}"]
                )
             }
          }
         ## 推动jar包
          stage('Push package') {
        
             steps {
        
                echo 'push package to servers'
                echo '推送jar包到目标服务器'
                ansiblePlaybook(
                    become: true, 
                    credentialsId: 'jenkins_ssh_key', 
                    disableHostKeyChecking: true, 
                    forks: 10, 
                    inventory: "/opt/deploy/test_scrm/inventory/${NODE}.yml", 
                    playbook: '/opt/deploy/test_scrm/playbook/deploy.yml', 
                    sudoUser: null, 
                    tags: 'backend_push_pkg',
                    extraVars: 
                        [ 
                            PROVIDER_DIR: "${PROVIDER_DIR}",
                            job_name: "${env.JOB_NAME}",
                            commit_id: "${commit_id}",
                        ]
                )   
             }
          }
         ## 推送运行脚本
          stage('Push deploy scripts') {
        
             steps {
        
                echo 'push deploy scripts to servers'
                echo '推动运行jar包的脚本到目标服务器'
                ansiblePlaybook(
                    become: true, 
                    credentialsId: 'jenkins_ssh_key', 
                    disableHostKeyChecking: true, 
                    forks: 10, 
                    inventory: "/opt/deploy/test_scrm/inventory/${NODE}.yml", 
                    playbook: '/opt/deploy/test_scrm/playbook/deploy.yml', 
                    sudoUser: null, 
                    tags: 'backend_push_scripts',
                    extraVars: 
                        [ 
                            DEPLOY_SCRIPTS: "${DEPLOY_SCRIPTS}",
                            job_name: "${env.JOB_NAME}"
                        ]
                ) 
             }
          }
         ## 部署
          stage('Deploy') {
        
             steps {
        
                echo 'deploy package to servers'
                echo '目标服务器上运行jar包'
                ansiblePlaybook(
                    become: true, 
                    credentialsId: 'jenkins_ssh_key', 
                    disableHostKeyChecking: true, 
                    forks: 10, 
                    inventory: "/opt/deploy/test_scrm/inventory/${NODE}.yml", 
                    playbook: '/opt/deploy/test_scrm/playbook/deploy.yml', 
                    sudoUser: null, 
                    tags: 'backend_deploy_omo',
                    extraVars: 
                        [ 
                            DEPLOY_SCRIPTS: "${DEPLOY_SCRIPTS}",
                            job_name: "${env.JOB_NAME}",
                            commit_id: "${commit_id}",
                            PROVIDER_PKG_NAME: "${PROVIDER_PKG_NAME}",
                            ENV: "${ENV}",
                            PORT: "${PORT}"
                        ]
                )
                echo '部署jar包完成'
             }
          }
       }
      　## 发送通知
        // post {
        
        //     always {
        
        //         withCredentials([usernamePassword(credentialsId: 'jenkins_api_user', passwordVariable: 'jenkins_pwd', usernameVariable: 'jenkins_user')]) {
        
        //             sh """python3 /opt/deploy/notification_jenkins.py ${jenkins_user} ${jenkins_pwd} ${env.JOB_NAME}
        //                 """
        //         }
        //     }
        // }
    }

1.  项目编译步骤

*  配置构建参数
 *  配置环境变量
 *  拉取代码
 *  编译(打包和推送到私服)
 *  编译产物修改名称(用作部署指定版本)
 *  创建程序运行目录
 *  推送包到目标服务器
 *  推送脚本到目标服务器
 *  运行程序
 *  反馈编译状态结果

1.  环境变量说明

3、新建项目需要修改的地方

1.  拉取代码  
    需要将git地址改成对应仓库的地址，对应分支改为正确的，修改的变量为GIT\_URL，BRANCH
2.  编译阶段  
    如果是多模块需要将对应代码区块中的模块名改为对应的模块名称，需要改动三个环境变量, API\_DIR | PROVIDER\_DIR | WEB\_DIR，有web服务添加WEB\_DIR环境变量
3.  部署阶段

# 如果是新scrm项目(无端口绑定)，部署命令如下
    ssh -i ${
        deploy_ssh_key} ${
        deploy_ssh_user}@192.168.0.245 sh  /opt/deploy/${
        env.JOB_NAME}/${
        DEPLOY_SCRIPTS_PID}.sh ${
        commit_id} ${
        PROVIDER_PKG_NAME} ${
        env.JOB_NAME}
    # 如果是新scrm项目(有端口绑定)，部署命令如下
    ssh -i ${
        deploy_ssh_key} ${
        deploy_ssh_user}@192.168.0.245 sh /opt/deploy/${
        DEPLOY_SCRIPTS_PORT}.sh ${
        commit_id} ${
        PROVIDER_PKG_NAME}  ${
        env.JOB_NAME} ${
        PORT}
    # 如果是omo项目，部署命令如下
    ssh -i ${
        deploy_ssh_key} ${
        deploy_ssh_user}@192.168.0.245 sh /opt/deploy/${
        DEPLOY_SCRIPTS_OMO}.sh ${
        commit_id} ${
        OMO_PKG_NAME}  ${
        env.JOB_NAME} ${
        PORT}

# 七、疑问解答与加群交流学习 #

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