安规电容: X 电容, Y 电容的作用

比眉伴天荒 2022-09-17 15:15 208阅读 0赞

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> 安规电容： 
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> 安规电容是指用于这样的场合，即电容器失效后，不会导致电击，不危及人身安全. 
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> 它包括 X 电容各Y电容两种类型，X 电容是跨接在电力线两线（L-N）之间的电容，一般选用金属薄膜电容； 
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> Y 电容是分别跨接在电力线两线和地之间（L-E，N-E）的电容，一般是成对出现。 
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> 基于漏电流的限制，Y 电容值不能太大，一般 X 电容是 uF 级，Y 电容是 nF 级。 
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> X 电容抑制差模干扰，Y 电容抑制共模干扰。 
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> 根据IEC 60384-14，电容器分为X电容及Y电容： 
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> 1. X电容是指跨于L-N之间的电容器. 
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> &nbsp; 2. Y电容是指跨于L-G/N-G之间的电容器. 
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> &nbsp; 
> (L=Line, N=Neutral, G=Ground) 
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> X电容底下又分为X1, X2, X3，主要差別在于:&nbsp; 
> 1. X1耐高压大于2.5 kV, 小于等于4 kV. 
> 2. X2耐高压小于等于2.5 kV. 
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> 3. X3耐高压小于等于1.2 kV. 
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> Y电容底下又分为Y1, Y2, Y3，Y4, 主要差別在于:&nbsp; 
> 1. Y1耐高压大于8 kV. 
> 2. Y2耐高压大于5 kV. 
> 3. Y3耐高压 n/a . 
> 4. Y4耐高压大于2.5 kV. 
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> X, Y 电容都是安规电容, 火线零线间的是 X 电容, 火线与地间的是 Y 电容. 
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> 它们用在电源滤波器里,起到电源滤波作用,分别对共模（Y 电容）,差模（X 电容）干扰起滤波作用. 
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> 一. 抑制电源电磁干扰用电容器&nbsp; 
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> 　　当在电源跨线电路中使用电容器来消除噪音时，不仅仅只有正常电压，还必须 
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> &nbsp; &nbsp; 考虑到异常的脉冲电压（如闪电）的产生，这可能会导致电容器冒烟或者起火。 
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> &nbsp; &nbsp; 所以，跨线电容器的安全标准对于在不同国家有严格规定，故必须使用经过安全认证的电容器。&nbsp; 
> 二. 不允许将直流电容器用作跨线电容器使用： 
> &nbsp; 
> 　　对于 X2 类抑制电源电磁干扰用电容器应适用于在电容器失效时不会导致电击危险的场合，如电源 
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> &nbsp; &nbsp; 跨线路连接，可承受 2.5kV 的脉冲电压。 
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> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 对于 Y2 类抑制电源电磁干扰用电容器应适用于在电容器失效时不会导致电击危险的场合， 
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> &nbsp; &nbsp; 用于电源跨线路连接时，能承受 5kV 的脉冲电压冲击，不致发生击穿现象。 
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