MFC浅析 -- 文档视图结构中，缺省的命令处理

蔚落 2022-09-19 14:28 151阅读 0赞

**MFC** **浅析 -- 文档视图结构中，缺省的命令处理**

**整理：Ackarlix**

文档视图结构中，缺省的命令处理

在文档视图结构所构建的框架中，很多命令ID都有缺省的命令处理。很多功能都由他们完成，但这些功能在程序中不“可见”,不便于对程序的理解。

以下归纳了常见的缺省处理及其流程

在需要时候，可以重载这些函数以实现特定功能

1.ID\_FILE\_NEW

2.ID\_FILE\_OPEN

3.ID\_FILE\_SAVE

4.ID\_FILE\_SAVE\_AS

5.ID\_FILE\_SAVE\_COPY\_AS

6.ID\_FILE\_CLOSE

7.ID\_FILE\_UPDATE

8.ID\_FILE\_PRINT\_SETUP

9.ID\_FILE\_PRINT

10.ID\_FILE\_PRINT\_PREVIEW

11.缺省编辑控制ID

12.ID\_WINDOW\_NEW

13.ID\_WINDOW\_ARRANGE

14.ID\_WINDOW\_CASCADE

15.ID\_WINDOW\_TILE\_HORZ

16.ID\_WINDOW\_TILE\_VERT

17.ID\_WINDOW\_SPLIT

18.ID\_APP\_ABOUT

19.ID\_APP\_EXIT

20.ID\_HELP\_INDEX

21.ID\_HELP\_USING

22.ID\_CONTEXT\_HELP

23.ID\_HELP

24.ID\_DEFAULT\_HELP

25.ID\_NEXT\_PANE

26.ID\_PREV\_PANE

27.ID\_OLE\_INSERT\_NEW

28.ID\_OLE\_EDIT\_LINKS

29.ID\_VIEW\_TOOLBAR

30.ID\_VIEW\_STATUS\_BAR

1.ID\_FILE\_NEW

CWinApp::OnFileNew

调用m\_pDocManager->OnFileNew()

void CDocManager::OnFileNew()

if (m\_templateList.IsEmpty())

TRACE0("Error: no document templates registered with CWinApp./n");

AfxMessageBox(AFX\_IDP\_FAILED\_TO\_CREATE\_DOC);

return;

CDocTemplate\* pTemplate = (CDocTemplate\*)m\_templateList.GetHead();

//如果含有多个文档模板，显示一个新建文档类型对话框

if (m\_templateList.GetCount() > 1)

// more than one document template to choose from

// bring up dialog prompting user

CNewTypeDlg dlg(&m\_templateList);

int nID = dlg.DoModal();

if (nID == IDOK)

pTemplate = dlg.m\_pSelectedTemplate;

else

return; // none - cancel operation

ASSERT(pTemplate != NULL);

ASSERT\_KINDOF(CDocTemplate, pTemplate);

//建立空文件

pTemplate->OpenDocumentFile(NULL);

// if returns NULL, the user has already been alerted

2.ID\_FILE\_OPEN

CWinApp::OnFileOpen

调用m\_pDocManager->OnFileOpen()

void CDocManager::OnFileOpen()

//出现打开文件对话框文件取得文件名

CString newName;

if (!DoPromptFileName(newName, AFX\_IDS\_OPENFILE,

OFN\_HIDEREADONLY | OFN\_FILEMUSTEXIST, TRUE, NULL))

return;

//使用OpenDocumentFile

AfxGetApp()->OpenDocumentFile(newName);

// if returns NULL, the user has already been alerted

3.ID\_FILE\_SAVE

CDocument::OnFileSave()

调用DoFileSave()

void CDocument::OnFileSave()

DoFileSave();

DoFileSave()又将调用DoSave()

BOOL CDocument::DoFileSave()

DWORD dwAttrib = GetFileAttributes(m\_strPathName);

//如果文件是只读,或已经不存在了

if (dwAttrib & FILE\_ATTRIBUTE\_READONLY)

//使用带NULL参数的DoSave

if (!DoSave(NULL))

TRACE0("Warning: File save with new name failed./n");

return FALSE;

else

//使用DoSave(....)

if (!DoSave(m\_strPathName))

TRACE0("Warning: File save failed./n");

return FALSE;

return TRUE;

DoSave()的实现

BOOL CDocument::DoSave(LPCTSTR lpszPathName, BOOL bReplace)

//如果文件名参数为空，则让用户取名

// note: lpszPathName can be different than 'm\_strPathName'

CString newName = lpszPathName;

if (newName.IsEmpty())

CDocTemplate\* pTemplate = GetDocTemplate();

ASSERT(pTemplate != NULL);

newName = m\_strPathName;

if (bReplace && newName.IsEmpty())

newName = m\_strTitle;

// check for dubious filename

int iBad = newName.FindOneOf(\_T(" \#%;///"));

if (iBad != -1)

newName.ReleaseBuffer(iBad);

// append the default suffix if there is one

CString strExt;

if (pTemplate->GetDocString(strExt, CDocTemplate::filterExt) &&

!strExt.IsEmpty())

ASSERT(strExt\[0\] == '.');

newName += strExt;

//"保存为"对话框

if (!AfxGetApp()->DoPromptFileName(newName,

bReplace ? AFX\_IDS\_SAVEFILE : AFX\_IDS\_SAVEFILECOPY,

OFN\_HIDEREADONLY | OFN\_PATHMUSTEXIST, FALSE, pTemplate))

return FALSE; // don't even attempt to save

CWaitCursor wait;

//保存,由OnSaveDocument完成

if (!OnSaveDocument(newName))

if (lpszPathName == NULL)

// be sure to delete the file

TRY

CFile::Remove(newName);

CATCH\_ALL(e)

TRACE0("Warning: failed to delete file /n");

DELETE\_EXCEPTION(e);

END\_CATCH\_ALL

return FALSE;

// reset the title and change the document name

if (bReplace)

SetPathName(newName);

return TRUE; // success

使用了文档类的OnSaveDocument完成保存动作

BOOL CDocument::OnSaveDocument(LPCTSTR lpszPathName)

CFileException fe;

CFile\* pFile = NULL;

pFile = GetFile(lpszPathName, CFile::modeCreate |

CFile::modeReadWrite | CFile::shareExclusive, &fe);

if (pFile == NULL)

ReportSaveLoadException(lpszPathName, &fe,

TRUE, AFX\_IDP\_INVALID\_FILENAME);

return FALSE;

//建立保存用的CArchive

CArchive saveArchive(pFile, CArchive::store | CArchive::bNoFlushOnDelete);

saveArchive.m\_pDocument = this;

saveArchive.m\_bForceFlat = FALSE;

TRY

CWaitCursor wait;

//使用文档类的序列化操作完成实际存档行为

Serialize(saveArchive); // save me

saveArchive.Close();

ReleaseFile(pFile, FALSE);

CATCH\_ALL(e)

ReleaseFile(pFile, TRUE);

TRY

ReportSaveLoadException(lpszPathName, e,

TRUE, AFX\_IDP\_FAILED\_TO\_SAVE\_DOC);

END\_TRY

DELETE\_EXCEPTION(e);

return FALSE;

END\_CATCH\_ALL

SetModifiedFlag(FALSE); // back to unmodified

return TRUE; // success

4.ID\_FILE\_SAVE\_AS

CDocument::OnFileSaveAs()

具体实现：调用NULL参数的DoSave(..)

void CDocument::OnFileSaveAs()

if (!DoSave(NULL))

TRACE0("Warning: File save-as failed./n");

5.ID\_FILE\_SAVE\_COPY\_AS

The COleServerDoc::OnFileSaveCopyAs

6.ID\_FILE\_CLOSE

CDocument::OnFileClose

void CDocument::OnFileClose()

//保存内容

if (!SaveModified())

return;

//关闭文档

OnCloseDocument();

如果需要保存，调用DoFileSave(..)

BOOL CDocument::SaveModified()

//没有改动

if (!IsModified())

return TRUE;

//得到文件名

CString name;

if (m\_strPathName.IsEmpty())

// get name based on caption

name = m\_strTitle;

if (name.IsEmpty())

VERIFY(name.LoadString(AFX\_IDS\_UNTITLED));

else

// get name based on file title of path name

name = m\_strPathName;

if (afxData.bMarked4)

AfxGetFileTitle(m\_strPathName,

name.GetBuffer(\_MAX\_PATH), \_MAX\_PATH);

name.ReleaseBuffer();

CString prompt;

AfxFormatString1(prompt, AFX\_IDP\_ASK\_TO\_SAVE, name);

//对话框:文件已被改动，是否保存

switch (AfxMessageBox(prompt, MB\_YESNOCANCEL, AFX\_IDP\_ASK\_TO\_SAVE))

case IDCANCEL:

return FALSE; // don't continue

case IDYES:

//保存文件

if (!DoFileSave())

return FALSE; // don't continue

break;

case IDNO:

// If not saving changes, revert the document

break;

default:

ASSERT(FALSE);

break;

return TRUE;

7.ID\_FILE\_UPDATE

COleServerDoc::OnUpdateDocument

8.ID\_FILE\_PRINT\_SETUP

CWinApp::OnFilePrintSetup

9.ID\_FILE\_PRINT

CView::OnFilePrint

10.ID\_FILE\_PRINT\_PREVIEW

CView::OnFilePrintPreview

11.缺省编辑控制ID

ID\_EDIT\_CLEAR

ID\_EDIT\_CLEAR\_ALL

ID\_EDIT\_COPY

ID\_EDIT\_CUT

ID\_EDIT\_FIND

ID\_EDIT\_PASTE

ID\_EDIT\_PASTE\_LINK

ID\_EDIT\_PASTE\_SPECIAL

ID\_EDIT\_REPEAT

ID\_EDIT\_REPLACE

ID\_EDIT\_SELECT\_ALL

ID\_EDIT\_UNDO

ID\_EDIT\_REDO

这些ID在对应的编辑视中有相应处理函数

12.ID\_WINDOW\_NEW

CMDIFrameWnd::OnWindowNew

void CMDIFrameWnd::OnWindowNew()

//找到当前窗口，得到对应文档模板，使用文档模板的成员CreateNewFrame建立新窗口

CMDIChildWnd\* pActiveChild = MDIGetActive();

CDocument\* pDocument;

if (pActiveChild == NULL ||

(pDocument = pActiveChild->GetActiveDocument()) == NULL)

TRACE0("Warning: No active document for WindowNew command./n");

AfxMessageBox(AFX\_IDP\_COMMAND\_FAILURE);

return; // command failed

// otherwise we have a new frame !

CDocTemplate\* pTemplate = pDocument->GetDocTemplate();

ASSERT\_VALID(pTemplate);

CFrameWnd\* pFrame = pTemplate->CreateNewFrame(pDocument, pActiveChild);

if (pFrame == NULL)

TRACE0("Warning: failed to create new frame./n");

return; // command failed

pTemplate->InitialUpdateFrame(pFrame, pDocument);

13.ID\_WINDOW\_ARRANGE

ID\_WINDOW\_ARRANGE,以及ID\_WINDOW\_CASCADE、ID\_WINDOW\_TILE\_HORZ、ID\_WINDOW\_TILE\_VERT都由OnMDIWindowCmd()处理

OnMDIWindowCmd将相应消息发送给m\_hWndMDIClient

BOOL CMDIFrameWnd::OnMDIWindowCmd(UINT nID)

ASSERT(m\_hWndMDIClient != NULL);

UINT msg;

UINT wParam = 0;

switch (nID)

default:

return FALSE; // not for us

case ID\_WINDOW\_ARRANGE:

msg = WM\_MDIICONARRANGE;

break;

case ID\_WINDOW\_CASCADE:

msg = WM\_MDICASCADE;

break;

case ID\_WINDOW\_TILE\_HORZ:

wParam = MDITILE\_HORIZONTAL;

// fall through

case ID\_WINDOW\_TILE\_VERT:

ASSERT(MDITILE\_VERTICAL == 0);

msg = WM\_MDITILE;

break;

::SendMessage(m\_hWndMDIClient, msg, wParam, 0);

return TRUE;

14.ID\_WINDOW\_CASCADE

参见ID\_WINDOW\_ARRANGE

15.ID\_WINDOW\_TILE\_HORZ

参见ID\_WINDOW\_ARRANGE

16.ID\_WINDOW\_TILE\_VERT

参见ID\_WINDOW\_ARRANGE

17.ID\_WINDOW\_SPLIT

CSplitterWnd::DoKeyboardSplit

用键盘控制分割窗口

BOOL CSplitterWnd::DoKeyboardSplit()

ASSERT\_VALID(this);

int ht;

if (m\_nRows > 1 && m\_nCols > 1)

ht = splitterIntersection1; // split existing row+col

else if (m\_nRows > 1)

ht = vSplitterBar1; // split existing row

else if (m\_nCols > 1)

ht = hSplitterBar1; // split existing col

else if (m\_nMaxRows > 1 && m\_nMaxCols > 1)

ht = bothSplitterBox; // we can split both

else if (m\_nMaxRows > 1)

ht = vSplitterBox; // we can split rows

else if (m\_nMaxCols > 1)

ht = hSplitterBox; // we can split columns

else

return FALSE; // can't split

// start tracking

StartTracking(ht);

CRect rect;

rect.left = m\_rectTracker.Width() / 2;

rect.top = m\_rectTracker.Height() / 2;

if (m\_ptTrackOffset.y != 0)

rect.top = m\_rectTracker.top;

if (m\_ptTrackOffset.x != 0)

rect.left = m\_bTracking2 ? m\_rectTracker2.left :m\_rectTracker.left;

rect.OffsetRect(-m\_ptTrackOffset.x, -m\_ptTrackOffset.y);

ClientToScreen(&rect);

SetCursorPos(rect.left, rect.top);

return TRUE;

18.ID\_APP\_ABOUT

建立CWinApp::OnAppAbout();

19.ID\_APP\_EXIT

CWinApp::OnAppExit

直接向主窗口发送WM\_CLOSE消息

void CWinApp::OnAppExit()

// same as double-clicking on main window close box

ASSERT(m\_pMainWnd != NULL);

m\_pMainWnd->SendMessage(WM\_CLOSE);

20.ID\_HELP\_INDEX

CWinApp::OnHelpIndex

21.ID\_HELP\_USING

CWinApp::OnHelpUsing

22.ID\_CONTEXT\_HELP

CWinApp::OnContextHelp

23.ID\_HELP

CWinApp::OnHelp

24.ID\_DEFAULT\_HELP

CWinApp::OnHelpIndex

25.ID\_NEXT\_PANE

CSplitterWnd::OnNextPaneCmd

26.ID\_PREV\_PANE

CSplitterWnd::OnNextPaneCmd

27.ID\_OLE\_INSERT\_NEW

28.ID\_OLE\_EDIT\_LINKS

29.ID\_VIEW\_TOOLBAR

切换AFX\_IDW\_TOOLBAR工具条

消息映射

ON\_UPDATE\_COMMAND\_UI(ID\_VIEW\_TOOLBAR, OnUpdateControlBarMenu)

ON\_COMMAND\_EX(ID\_VIEW\_TOOLBAR, OnBarCheck)

BOOL CFrameWnd::OnBarCheck(UINT nID)

ASSERT(ID\_VIEW\_STATUS\_BAR == AFX\_IDW\_STATUS\_BAR);

ASSERT(ID\_VIEW\_TOOLBAR == AFX\_IDW\_TOOLBAR);

ASSERT(ID\_VIEW\_REBAR == AFX\_IDW\_REBAR);

CControlBar\* pBar = GetControlBar(nID);

if (pBar != NULL)

//设置该工具条状态

ShowControlBar(pBar, (pBar->GetStyle() & WS\_VISIBLE) == 0, FALSE);

return TRUE;

return FALSE;

void CFrameWnd::OnUpdateControlBarMenu(CCmdUI\* pCmdUI)

ASSERT(ID\_VIEW\_STATUS\_BAR == AFX\_IDW\_STATUS\_BAR);

ASSERT(ID\_VIEW\_TOOLBAR == AFX\_IDW\_TOOLBAR);

ASSERT(ID\_VIEW\_REBAR == AFX\_IDW\_REBAR);

CControlBar\* pBar = GetControlBar(pCmdUI->m\_nID);

if (pBar != NULL)

pCmdUI->SetCheck((pBar->GetStyle() & WS\_VISIBLE) != 0);

return;

pCmdUI->ContinueRouting();

30.ID\_VIEW\_STATUS\_BAR

实现方法与ID\_VIEW\_TOOLBAR相同

MFC浅析 -- 文档视图结构中，缺省的命令处理

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