基于Java模板技术动态生成Word文档

朱雀 2022-09-26 00:27 434阅读 0赞

**一.使用word文档编辑好模版，如下图：**

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![Center 1][]

编辑好模板之后选择另存为，保存为xml格式。

**二.编写java代码**

采用的是FreeMarker模板引擎。需要下载对应的jar包，如果用的是Maven，只需在pom.xml中加入以下代码即可。

<dependency>
    	  <groupId>org.freemarker</groupId>
    	  <artifactId>freemarker</artifactId>
    	  <version>2.3.25-incubating</version>
    	</dependency>

Service:

package Solin.service;
    
    import java.io.File;
    import java.io.FileOutputStream;
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
    import java.io.Writer;
    import java.net.URL;
    import java.util.Date;
    import java.util.HashMap;
    import java.util.List;
    import java.util.Locale;
    import java.util.Map;
    
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
    
    import Solin.domain.Student;
    import Solin.mapper.DynamicallyGeneratedWordMapper;
    import freemarker.cache.URLTemplateLoader;
    import freemarker.core.ParseException;
    import freemarker.template.Configuration;
    import freemarker.template.MalformedTemplateNameException;
    import freemarker.template.Template;
    import freemarker.template.TemplateException;
    import freemarker.template.TemplateNotFoundException;
    
    @Service
    public class DynamicallyGeneratedWordService {
    	private static Configuration freemarkerConfig;
    	
    	static {
    		freemarkerConfig = new Configuration(Configuration.VERSION_2_3_22);
    		freemarkerConfig.setEncoding(Locale.getDefault(), "UTF-8");
    	}
    	
    	@Autowired
    	private DynamicallyGeneratedWordMapper dynamicallyGeneratedWordMapper;
    	
    	/**
    	 * 生成word文档
    	 * @param filePath
    	 * @throws TemplateNotFoundException
    	 * @throws MalformedTemplateNameException
    	 * @throws ParseException
    	 * @throws IOException
    	 * @throws TemplateException
    	 */
    	public void genWordFile(String filePath) throws TemplateNotFoundException, MalformedTemplateNameException, ParseException, IOException, TemplateException{
    		List<Student> stuList = dynamicallyGeneratedWordMapper.getStudentList();
    		Map<String,Object> result = new HashMap<String,Object>();
    		result.put("date", new Date());
    		result.put("teacher", "Solin");
    		result.put("topic", "基于Java模板技术动态生成Word文档");
    		result.put("count", stuList.size());
    		result.put("maleCount", dynamicallyGeneratedWordMapper.getManNumber());
    		result.put("femaleCount", dynamicallyGeneratedWordMapper.getFemaleNumber());
    		result.put("stuList", stuList);
    		
    		freemarkerConfig.setTemplateLoader(new URLTemplateLoader() {
    			
    			@Override
    			protected URL getURL(String arg0) {
    				return DynamicallyGeneratedWordService.class.getResource("/test.xml");//此处需要注意test.xml模板的路径,不要搞错了，否则获取不到模板，我是放在src/main/java目录下
    			}
    		});
    		
    		Template temp = freemarkerConfig.getTemplate("test.xml");
    		
    		File targetFile = new File(filePath);
    		Writer out = new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream(targetFile),"UTF-8");
    		
    		//执行模板替换
    		temp.process(result, out);
    		out.flush();
    	}
    }

我的test.xml文件的位置：

![Center 2][]

Student实体类：

package Solin.domain;
    
    /**
     * @author Solin
     * 学生信息实体类
     *
     */
    public class Student {
    	private Integer id;//主键
    	private String name;//姓名
    	private String sex;//性别
    	private String age;//年龄
    	public Integer getId() {
    		return id;
    	}
    	public void setId(Integer id) {
    		this.id = id;
    	}
    	public String getName() {
    		return name;
    	}
    	public void setName(String name) {
    		this.name = name;
    	}
    	public String getSex() {
    		return sex;
    	}
    	public void setSex(String sex) {
    		this.sex = sex;
    	}
    	public String getAge() {
    		return age;
    	}
    	public void setAge(String age) {
    		this.age = age;
    	}
    }

**Controller:**

package Solin.controller;
    
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.util.List;
    
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
    
    import Solin.domain.Student;
    import Solin.service.DynamicallyGeneratedWordService;
    import freemarker.core.ParseException;
    import freemarker.template.MalformedTemplateNameException;
    import freemarker.template.TemplateException;
    import freemarker.template.TemplateNotFoundException;
    
    /**
     * @author Solin
     * 基于Java模板技术动态生成Word文档 
     */
    @Controller
    public class DynamicallyGeneratedWordController {
    	@Autowired
    	private DynamicallyGeneratedWordService dynamicallyGeneratedWordService;
    	
    	@ResponseBody
    	@RequestMapping("/getStudentList")
    	public String getStudentList(){
    		String result = "成功";
    		try {
    			dynamicallyGeneratedWordService.genWordFile("d://stu.doc");
    		} catch (TemplateNotFoundException e) {
    			result = "失败";
    			e.printStackTrace();
    		} catch (MalformedTemplateNameException e) {
    			result = "失败";
    			e.printStackTrace();
    		} catch (ParseException e) {
    			result = "失败";
    			e.printStackTrace();
    		} catch (IOException e) {
    			result = "失败";
    			e.printStackTrace();
    		} catch (TemplateException e) {
    			result = "失败";
    			e.printStackTrace();
    		}
    		return result;
    	}
    }

XML模版中需要做以下修改：

![Center 3][]![Center 4][]

表格数据是多行的，所以要循环。

![Center 5][]

我们在xml模版中做以下修改：找到上图中红色框框所在的地方，然后按下图修改

![Center 6][]

里面的内容依次改为对应的：$\{stu.id\} $\{stu.name\} $\{stu.sex\} $\{stu.age\}这里的id name sex age是和Student实体类对应的。

** 三.到此基本完成了动态模版的生成，测试结果图下图：**

![Center 7][]

![Center 8][]

[Center]: /images/20220717/3126c702b18b4c3b84d29f98a8e87f84.png
[Center 1]: /images/20220717/0ee6c5dfee8d425993385732ede96763.png
[Center 2]: /images/20220717/a5fec543fe57403598a61f2ab1f3a0fd.png
[Center 3]: https://img-blog.csdn.net/20160914110636967?watermark/2/text/aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQv/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70/gravity/Center
[Center 4]: /images/20220717/0ca4772e51c64ac3b7fbbba6ac5cb797.png
[Center 5]: /images/20220717/5f9e980d67b444d6a01cad8a60ec4acf.png
[Center 6]: /images/20220717/6f66b9a379f54e8c8bc595ce803eb238.png
[Center 7]: /images/20220717/cd35e48f7cbe47eea3bf6ee428224c98.png
[Center 8]: /images/20220717/d6c24b5d2bf542b08641f6aca4c535da.png