solr测试项目（上）--基于maven的springmvc环境搭建

柔情只为你懂 2022-09-26 04:59 132阅读 0赞

从去年9月21开始写博客，今天整一年了。

从开始写文章到现在，写过spring的，springmvc的，spring与其他框架整合的（包括hibernate，ehcache，shiro），写过一些工具类，写过微信公众号开发，写过前端的一些小demo，虽然一直在用mybatis却一直没写。

今天写一个比较全面的测试项目，包括maven，spring，springmvc，solr，mongodb的，一是强哥安排的Solr任务，二是学习与整理。

这篇文章更像是一个详细的基于maven的springmvc环境搭建

--------------------

# Solr测试项目 #

## maven创建javaee开发环境 ##

mvn archetype:generate -DgroupId=com.gwc -DartifactId=learn -DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-archetype-webapp -DarchetypeCatalog=internal

创建过程中需要确认版本和报名，输入回车，属于Y即可

![这里写图片描述][20160921110123263]

参考

> [Maven创建项目时出现Generating project in Interactive mode就一直卡住的解决方案][Maven_Generating project in Interactive mode]

创建好之后结构如下

![这里写图片描述][20160921105547293]

默认的webapp版本为2.3。

![这里写图片描述][20160921110234412]

web.xml

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN" "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >
    
    <web-app>
      <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
    </web-app>

如果想换更高的版本可以直接修改web.xml这里我使用3.0

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
    
    </web-app>

参考

> [Eclipse建立webapp3.0以上的Maven项目][Eclipse_webapp3.0_Maven]

创建好之后我们导入到eclipse中

## 导入项目并修改 ##

File->Import->Maven->Existing Maven Projects

![这里写图片描述][20160921113736514]

![这里写图片描述][20160921114010728]

新导入的项目有个报错

The superclass "javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet" was not found on the Java Build Path

![这里写图片描述][20160921132034483]

该报错是由于没有引入jsp和servlet的依赖而导致的

引入依赖，因为后面会用jstl，所以一并引入

<dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
        <scope>provided</scope>
        <version>3.1.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
        <scope>provided</scope>
        <version>2.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>jstl</groupId>
        <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
        <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>taglibs</groupId>
        <artifactId>standard</artifactId>
        <version>1.1.2</version>
    </dependency>

引入之后项目报错就消失了。

命名行创建的maven项目中并没有为我们创建相应的java和test目录（我的电脑上一直不创建，不知道为什么，如果已经创建了就不需要再创建）

![这里写图片描述][20160921132507391]

在src下新建一个test目录，test目录和main目录在一级  
在main下面新建java目录，在test下新建java目录  
建好目录之后项目看着有点怪怪的。

![这里写图片描述][20160921132820580]

我们在项目了上右键->Refresh

![这里写图片描述][20160921132947408]

项目结构就好了。

![这里写图片描述][20160921133354448]

参考

> [Maven的安装和配置][Maven]  
> [Eclipse建立webapp3.0以上的Maven项目][Eclipse_webapp3.0_Maven]  
> [Maven中关于serlvet和jstl的引用][Maven_serlvet_jstl]

## spring环境配置与相关依赖配置 ##

项目结构配置好之后我们开始配置spring和其他依赖

### spring ###

由于spring模块很多，这里采用spring官方文档推荐的BOM统一管理spring的版本。引入spring-framework-bom只有后面所有依赖的spring都无需指明版本，和spring-framework-bom 一个版本。

**BOM**

<dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-framework-bom</artifactId>
                <version>4.2.5.RELEASE</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

spring依赖

<dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
        <exclusions>
            <exclusion>
                <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
                <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
            </exclusion>
        </exclusions>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    
    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
        <version>1.3.1</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
        <version>2.5</version>
    </dependency>

**单元测试**

自动生成的junit版本有点低。

改为如下（当前为4.12版）  
为了整合spring进行测试引入spring-test

<dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>4.12</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

**日志记录，json和发送http请求**

<dependency>
        <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
        <version>1.7.21</version>
    </dependency>
    
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.google.code.gson</groupId>
        <artifactId>gson</artifactId>
        <version>2.6.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.json</groupId>
        <artifactId>json</artifactId>
        <version>20160810</version>
    </dependency>
    
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
        <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
        <version>4.5.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
        <artifactId>httpmime</artifactId>
        <version>4.5.2</version>
    </dependency>

### 依赖配置之后我们导入配置文件 ###

**日志log4j.properties**

放在src/main/resources目录下

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    # 日志输出级别
    #------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    log4j.rootLogger=info, stdout, info_log, error_log
    
    #------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    # 输出到控制台
    #------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
    log4j.appender.stdout.Target=System.out
    log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
    log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss:SSS} %p [%M] %c %L %m%n
    #log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.TTCCLayout
    
    #------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    # info_log
    #------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    log4j.appender.info_log=org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
    log4j.appender.info_log.File=/usr/logs/learn/info.log
    log4j.appender.info_log.Append=true
    log4j.appender.info_log.Threshold=INFO
    log4j.appender.info_log.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
    log4j.appender.info_log.DatePattern='.'yyyy-MM-dd
    log4j.appender.info_log.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss:SSS} %p [%M] %c %L %m%n
    
    #------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    # error_log
    #------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    log4j.appender.error_log=org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
    log4j.appender.error_log.File=/usr/logs/learn/error.log
    log4j.appender.error_log.Append=true
    log4j.appender.error_log.Threshold=ERROR
    log4j.appender.error_log.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
    log4j.appender.error_log.DatePattern='.'yyyy-MM-dd
    log4j.appender.error_log.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss:SSS} %p [%M] %c %L %m%n
    
    #------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    # 我的配置
    #------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    log4j.logger.org.springframework=info

**测试一下日志**

package test;
    
    import org.junit.Test;
    import org.slf4j.Logger;
    import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
    
    public class HelloTest { 
        private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());
    
        @Test
        public void test() {
            logger.info("info:{}", "info");
            logger.error("error:{}", "error");
        }
    
    }

执行之后我们发现日志已经生效

![这里写图片描述][20160921144239706]

并且error会单独输出到error.log

**来配置spring**

首先在src/main/resources目录下创建一个spring的目录，该目录中存放各种spring的配置，总体结构如下

![这里写图片描述][20160921151030265]

先把项目的包结构建立起来

com.gwc.learn.controller放conttroller  
com.gwc.learn.service放service  
com.gwc.learn.dao放dao  
com.gwc.learn.timer放定时任务  
com.gwc.learn.util放一些工具类

先建一个spring-mvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
    
        <mvc:annotation-driven/>
    
        
        <context:component-scan base-package="com.gwc.learn">
            <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" />
            <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Service" />
        </context:component-scan>
        
        <mvc:resources location="/assets/" mapping="/assets/**"></mvc:resources>
        
        <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
            <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
            <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/" />
            <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
        </bean>
    </beans>

再建一个spring-core.xml这个配置文件主要是导入一些其他的spring配置，比如数据库，定时任务，主要是为了将spring的配置分开，暂时没有导入，后面配置mongo数据在导入

然后配置web.xml

这里有一个上下文的spring-core.xml，其他配置都会被import进来，这样当配置文件比较大的时候看着清晰，配置起来方便。

<display-name>solr测试项目</display-name>
    
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:spring/spring-core.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
    
    <filter>
        <filter-name>charsetEncoding</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>charsetEncoding</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
    
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:spring/spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

**写一个controller和jsp视图**  
com.gwc.learn.controller包下的HelloController.java

package com.gwc.learn.controller;
    
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
    import org.springframework.ui.Model;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
    
    @Controller
    @RequestMapping("/solr")
    public class HelloController {
    
        @RequestMapping(value="/hello",method=RequestMethod.GET)
        public String hello(Model model){
            model.addAttribute("msg", "你好springMVC");
            return "hello";
        }
    }

WEB-INF/views下的hello.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html>
    <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title>我是标题</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    ${msg }
    </body>
    </html>

好了，发布到tomcat

访问  
[http://localhost:8080/learn/solr/hello][http_localhost_8080_learn_solr_hello]

![这里写图片描述][20160921152421192]

Springmvc环境搭建完毕。

参考

> [ 一个简单的SpringMVC需要哪些jar包\[Spring4\]][_SpringMVC_jar_Spring4]

再写就有点长了，下一篇写整合mongodb和solrj

# 参考文献 #

> 1.  [Maven创建项目时出现Generating project in Interactive mode就一直卡住的解决方案][Maven_Generating project in Interactive mode]
> 2.  [Eclipse建立webapp3.0以上的Maven项目][Eclipse_webapp3.0_Maven]
> 3.  [Maven的安装和配置][Maven]
> 4.  [Eclipse建立webapp3.0以上的Maven项目][Eclipse_webapp3.0_Maven]
> 5.  [Maven中关于serlvet和jstl的引用][Maven_serlvet_jstl]
> 6.  [ 一个简单的SpringMVC需要哪些jar包\[Spring4\]][_SpringMVC_jar_Spring4]

[20160921110123263]: /images/20220717/48d32a6f50964776abe4211f89db8823.png
[Maven_Generating project in Interactive mode]: http://blog.csdn.net/frankcheng5143/article/details/51813479
[20160921105547293]: /images/20220717/2d3203d42ca74f67b7dcc3a70c1eebeb.png
[20160921110234412]: /images/20220717/d59c346aee5848a6a0fad51e7956c848.png
[Eclipse_webapp3.0_Maven]: http://blog.csdn.net/frankcheng5143/article/details/51282819
[20160921113736514]: /images/20220717/d8f6455b24a147ff8cd6e946428a06da.png
[20160921114010728]: /images/20220717/5585611bea6245c2a47dc37cd07371bf.png
[20160921132034483]: /images/20220717/cf12c2eb04d14bd48312f7f41f863afb.png
[20160921132507391]: /images/20220717/35d9490d90f145eaac847b73c62ccfda.png
[20160921132820580]: /images/20220717/4b960cdd2442456b904af33a03840074.png
[20160921132947408]: /images/20220717/2bf8fb37c3d548e592e44d5f2ec839be.png
[20160921133354448]: /images/20220717/24664738d1714541a5b7917c86911218.png
[Maven]: http://blog.csdn.net/frankcheng5143/article/details/51245282
[Maven_serlvet_jstl]: http://blog.csdn.net/frankcheng5143/article/details/52132823
[20160921144239706]: /images/20220717/24f8c4210bb4434bbdf35c73665c0217.png
[20160921151030265]: /images/20220717/7b425c229d294b37b2373087ba8dfafe.png
[http_localhost_8080_learn_solr_hello]: http://localhost:8080/learn/solr/hello
[20160921152421192]: /images/20220717/add064cfc10445c1a69af2ddbea55dac.png
[_SpringMVC_jar_Spring4]: http://blog.csdn.net/frankcheng5143/article/details/50512340