Hibernate的基本开发流程

今天药忘吃喽~ 2022-09-27 06:28 268阅读 0赞

一、Hibernate开发的基本流程

![20170307214135588][]

二、Hibernate开发的环境搭建

1、引入Hibernate核心包以及Hibernate依赖包即可。可以在Hibernate目录下的\\lib\\required目录下找到所需jar包。

![20170307213143849][]

2、加入数据库驱动。这里主要是采用Mysql数据库来操作，所以在这里引入MysqL的JDBC驱动。

3、提供核心配置文件hibernate.cfg.xml文件（在src文件夹下即可）。

![20170307215429302][]

三、数据库方面的操作

在mysql中新建一个数据库Hibernate5，然后建立如下的一个表来进行测试。

create table T\_register  
(  
id int primary key,  
userName varchar(30),  
userPwd varchar(30),  
sex varchar(10),  
age int  
)

![20170307220006535][]

四、编写POJO类

根据数据表的字段情况，创建如下持久化类，实际上是一个javaBean类

package com.chen;
    
    public class TRegister{
    
    
        //定义基本属性，与数据库中的字段对应。注意都是引用类型
    
         private Integer id;
         private String userName;
         private String userPwd;
         private String sex;
         private Integer age;
    
    
        // Constructors
    
        /** default constructor */
        public TRegister() {
        }
    
        /** minimal constructor */
        public TRegister(Integer id) {
            this.id = id;
        }
        
        /** full constructor */
        public TRegister(Integer id, String userName, String userPwd, String sex, Integer age) {
            this.id = id;
            this.userName = userName;
            this.userPwd = userPwd;
            this.sex = sex;
            this.age = age;
        }
    
       
        // 定义get set方法
    
        public Integer getId() {
            return this.id;
        }
        
        public void setId(Integer id) {
            this.id = id;
        }
    
        public String getUserName() {
            return this.userName;
        }
        
        public void setUserName(String userName) {
            this.userName = userName;
        }
    
        public String getUserPwd() {
            return this.userPwd;
        }
        
        public void setUserPwd(String userPwd) {
            this.userPwd = userPwd;
        }
    
        public String getSex() {
            return this.sex;
        }
        
        public void setSex(String sex) {
            this.sex = sex;
        }
    
        public Integer getAge() {
            return this.age;
        }
        
        public void setAge(Integer age) {
            this.age = age;
        }
    }

五、配置相关的xml文件

1、配置hibernate.cfg.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
    		"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
    		"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
    <hibernate-configuration>
    	<session-factory>
        
    		
    		<property name="connection.username">root</property>
    		<property name="connection.password">root</property>
    		<property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
    		<property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://192.168.1.148:3306/hibernate5</property>
    		
    		
    		
    		<property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLInnoDBDialect</property>		
    		
    		
    		<property name="show_sql">true</property>
    		
    		<property name="format_sql">true</property>	
    		
    		<mapping resource="com/chen/TRegister.hbm.xml"/>
    	
    	</session-factory>
    
    </hibernate-configuration>

注意：Hibernate4连接MySQL5.X数据库无法自动创建表，解决方法把数据库方言设为

<property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect</property>

2、配置映射文件TRegister.hbm.xml

在持久化类所在的包中建立TRegister.hbm.xml ,可以通过eclipse Hibernate插件来完成

<?xml version="1.0"?>
    <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
    
    <hibernate-mapping>
        <class name="com.chen.TRegister" table="TREGISTER">
            <id name="id" type="java.lang.Integer">
                <column name="ID" />
                
                <generator class="increment" />
            </id>
            <property name="userName" type="java.lang.String">
                <column name="USERNAME" />
            </property>
            <property name="userPwd" type="java.lang.String">
                <column name="USERPWD" />
            </property>
            <property name="sex" type="java.lang.String">
                <column name="SEX" />
            </property>
            <property name="age" type="java.lang.Integer">
                <column name="AGE" />
            </property>
        </class>
    </hibernate-mapping>

六、编写事务处理类HibernateUtil.java

package hibernate;
    
    import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
    import org.hibernate.Session;
    import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
    import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
    import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistry;
    import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistryBuilder;
    
    public class HibernateUtil {
        
        private static final SessionFactory sessionFactory;
        
        static
        {
            try
            {
                Configuration config = new Configuration().configure();
                ServiceRegistry serviceRegistry=
                		new ServiceRegistryBuilder().applySettings(config.getProperties())
                		.buildServiceRegistry();
                sessionFactory = config.buildSessionFactory(serviceRegistry);
            }
            catch(Throwable e)
            {
                throw new ExceptionInInitializerError(e);
            }
        }
        
        public static final ThreadLocal session = new ThreadLocal();
        
        public static Session currentSession() throws HibernateException
        {
            Session s = (Session)session.get();
            //Open a new Session,if this Thread has none yet
            if(s == null || !s.isOpen())
            {
                s = sessionFactory.openSession();
                session.set(s);
            }
            return s;
        }
        
        public static void closeSession() throws HibernateException
        {
            Session s = (Session)session.get();
            session.set(null);
            if(s != null)
                s.close();
        }
    
    }

七、编写Servlet控制类RegisterServlet

package servlet;
    
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.io.PrintWriter;
    
    import javax.servlet.ServletException;
    import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
    
    import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
    import org.hibernate.Session;
    import org.hibernate.Transaction;
    
    import com.chen.TRegister;
    
    import hibernate.HibernateUtil;
    
    /**
     * Servlet implementation class RegisterServlet
     */
    @WebServlet("/RegisterServlet")
    public class RegisterServlet extends HttpServlet {
    	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    	private static final String CONTENT_TYPE = "text/html;charset=GBK";   
        /**
         * @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
         */
        public RegisterServlet() {
            super();
            // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
        }
    
    	/**
    	 * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
    	 */
    	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
    		response.setContentType(CONTENT_TYPE);
            request.setCharacterEncoding("GBK");
            
            PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
            
            String userName = request.getParameter("userName");
            String userPwd = request.getParameter("userPwd");
            String sex = request.getParameter("sex");
            int age = Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("age"));
            
            TRegister rg = new TRegister();
            rg.setAge(age);
            rg.setSex(sex);
            rg.setUserName(userName);
            rg.setUserPwd(userPwd);
            
            Session session = HibernateUtil.currentSession();//生成Session实例
            Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();
            
            try
            {
                session.save(rg);    //保存持久类对象
                tx.commit();        //提交到数据库
                session.close();
                response.sendRedirect("registerOK.jsp");
            }
            catch(HibernateException e)
            {
                e.printStackTrace();
                tx.rollback();
            }
            
        }
    	/**
    	 * @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
    	 */
    	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
    		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
    		doGet(request, response);
    	}
    
    }

八、编写jsp页面进行测试

1、register.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=GBK"
        pageEncoding="GBK"%>
    <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
    <html>
    <head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=GBK">
    <title>Insert title here</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    
    <form action="RegisterServlet" method="POST">
        用户名：<input type="text" name="userName" /><BR>
        密  码：<input type="text" name="userPwd" /><BR>
        性  别：<input type="text" name="sex" /><BR>
        年  龄：<input type="text" name="age" /><BR>
        <input type="submit" value="save" />
    </form>
    </body>
    </html>

2、 registerOK.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
        pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
    <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
    <html>
    <head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
    <title>Insert title here</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    数据已保存到数据库，请查看.......
    </body>
    </html>

九、运行验证

运行register.jsp页面，填写信息，完成后点击save完成保存。查看数据库可以看到数据已保存。

[20170307214135588]: /images/20220708/6f55c25c1cbd4ff0af7e3af3fbf43924.png
[20170307213143849]: /images/20220708/4987d5a3f7c741019aa2b9b6ebbbef98.png
[20170307215429302]: /images/20220708/61307bc322c043df80ebea4ca3bb6b4b.png
[20170307220006535]: /images/20220708/6aabe47c8b4d447cb70b8b471db53e28.png