快速读取进程内存

妖狐艹你老母 2022-10-02 04:44 178阅读 0赞

## 快速读取进程内存（摘自《Debug Hacks》，略做修改） ##

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Linux下使用ptrace调用可以监视和控制其他进程，并能够改变进程的寄存器值和内核映像。ptrace提供了PTRACE\_PEEKDATA来实现进程内存读取，这是原语级的操作，在x86\_64下一次仅读取8字节。因此在读取量较大时，需要反复调用ptrace。/proc/<PID>/mem接口提供了read调用，只需一次就可以读取任意大小内存，可谓价格便宜量又足。

以下示例代码摘自《Debug Hacks》，使用了/proc/<PID>/mem接口：

#include <stdio.h>
    #include <stdlib.h>
    #include <unistd.h>
    #include <fcntl.h>
    #include <sys/types.h>
    #include <sys/ptrace.h>
    #include <sys/wait.h>
    #include <errno.h>
    
    int main(int argc, char *argv[])
    {
    	if (argc < 5) {
    		fprintf(stdout, "usage: dumpmem pid start_addr length filaname\n");
    		return -1;
    	}
    
    	/*get argvs*/
    	off_t start_addr;
    	int len;
    	pid_t pid;
    	pid = atoi(argv[1]);
    	sscanf(argv[2], "%x", &start_addr);
    	sscanf(argv[3], "%x", &len);
    	
    	/*attach the memory of pid*/
    	int ptrace_ret;
    	ptrace_ret = ptrace(PTRACE_ATTACH, pid, NULL, NULL);
    	if (ptrace_ret == -1) {
    		fprintf(stderr, "ptrace attach failed.\n");
    		perror("ptrace");
    		return -1;
    	}
    	if (waitpid(pid, NULL, 0) == -1) {
    		fprintf(stderr, "waitpid failed.\n");
    		perror("waitpid");
    		ptrace(PTRACE_DETACH, pid, NULL, NULL);
    		return -1;
    	}
    	
    	/*open /proc/<pid>/mem to attach the memory*/
    	int fd;
    	char path[256] = {0};
    	sprintf(path, "/proc/%d/mem", pid);
    	fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
    	if (fd == -1) {
    		fprintf(stderr, "open file failed.\n");
    		perror("open");
    		ptrace(PTRACE_DETACH, pid, NULL, NULL);
    		return -1;
    	}
    	
    	/*seek the file pointer*/
    	off_t off;
    	off = lseek(fd, start_addr, SEEK_SET);
    	if (off == (off_t)-1) {
    		fprintf(stderr, "lseek failed.\n");
    		perror("lseek");
    		ptrace(PTRACE_DETACH, pid, NULL, NULL);
    		close(fd);
    		return -1;
    	}
    	
    	/*read mem*/
    	unsigned char *buf = (unsigned char *)malloc(len);
    	if (buf == NULL) {
    		fprintf(stderr, "malloc failed.\n");
    		perror("malloc");
    		ptrace(PTRACE_DETACH, pid, NULL, NULL);
    		close(fd);
    		return -1;
    	}
    	int rd_sz;
    	rd_sz = read(fd, buf, len);
    	if (rd_sz < len) {
    		fprintf(stderr, "read failed.\n");
    		perror("read");
    		ptrace(PTRACE_DETACH, pid, NULL, NULL);
    		free(buf);
    		close(fd);
    		return -1;
    	}
    	
    	/*now show mem*/
    	int i = 0;
    	FILE *fp = fopen(argv[4], "wb+");
    	if (fp == NULL) {
    		fprintf(stderr, "fopen failed.\n");
    		perror("fopen");
    		ptrace(PTRACE_DETACH, pid, NULL, NULL);
    		free(buf);
    		close(fd);
    		return -1;
    	}
    	fwrite(buf, 1, len, fp);
    	fclose(fp);
    	
    	ptrace(PTRACE_DETACH, pid, NULL, NULL);
    	free(buf);
    	close(fd);
    	return 0;
    }

需要注意的是，读取可能因权限问题而失败。读取前可参考/proc/<PID>/maps内存映射，选取带有r标识的可读部分（如代码段，数据段或堆内存）。

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